scholarly journals The Role of Diet in Prognosis among Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Dietary Patterns and Diet Interventions

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 348
Author(s):  
Carlota Castro-Espin ◽  
Antonio Agudo
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies

Cancer survival continues to improve in high-income countries, partly explained by advances in screening and treatment. Previous studies have mainly examined the relationship between individual dietary components and cancer prognosis in tumours with good therapeutic response (breast, colon and prostate cancers). The aim of this review is to assess qualitatively (and quantitatively where appropriate) the associations of dietary patterns and cancer prognosis from published prospective cohort studies, as well as the effect of diet interventions by means of randomised controlled trials (RCT). A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, and a total of 35 prospective cohort studies and 14 RCT published between 2011 and 2021 were selected. Better overall diet quality was associated with improved survival among breast and colorectal cancer survivors; adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated to lower risk of mortality in colorectal and prostate cancer survivors. A meta-analysis using a random-effects model showed that higher versus lower diet quality was associated with a 23% reduction in overall mortality in breast cancer survivors. There was evidence that dietary interventions, generally combined with physical activity, improved overall quality of life, though most studies were in breast cancer survivors. Further cohort and intervention studies in other cancers are needed to make more specific recommendations.

scholarly journals The Role of Diet in Prognosis among Cancer Survivors: A systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Dietary Patterns and Diet Interventions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlota Castro-Espin ◽  
Antonio Agudo
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies

Cancer survival continues to improve in high-income countries, partly explained by advances in screening and treatment. Previous studies have mainly examined the relationship between individual dietary components and cancer prognosis in tumours with good therapeutic response (breast, colon and prostate cancers). The aim of this review was to assess qualitatively (and quantitatively where appropriate) the associations of dietary patterns and cancer prognosis from published prospective cohort studies, as well as the effect of diet interventions by means of randomized controlled trials (RCT). A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, and a total of 35 prospective cohort studies and 14 RCT published between 2011 and 2021 were selected. Better overall diet quality was associated with improved survival among breast and colorectal cancer survivors; adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated to lower risk of mortality in colorectal and prostate cancer survivors. A meta-analysis using a random-effects model showed that higher versus lower diet quality was associated with a 23% reduction in overall mortality in breast cancer survivors. There was evidence that dietary interventions, generally combined with physical activity, improved overall quality of life, though most studies were in breast cancer survivors. Further cohort and intervention studies in other cancers are needed to make more specific recommendations.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of breast cancer subtypes in two prospective cohort studies of breast cancer survivors

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn L Kwan ◽  
Lawrence H Kushi ◽  
Erin Weltzien ◽  
Benjamin Maring ◽  
Susan E Kutner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Breast Cancer Subtypes ◽  
Cancer Subtypes ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies

Night-shift work increases morbidity of breast cancer and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of 16 prospective cohort studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1381-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoti Lin ◽  
Weiyu Chen ◽  
Fengqin Wei ◽  
Mingang Ying ◽  
Weidong Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Night Shift Work ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
All Cause Mortality

scholarly journals Blood DNA methylation and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis of four prospective cohort studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Bodelon ◽  
Srikant Ambatipudi ◽  
Pierre-Antoine Dugué ◽  
Annelie Johansson ◽  
Joshua N. Sampson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Average Methylation

Abstract Background Environmental and genetic factors play an important role in the etiology of breast cancer. Several small blood-based DNA methylation studies have reported risk associations with methylation at individual CpGs and average methylation levels; however, these findings require validation in larger prospective cohort studies. To investigate the role of blood DNA methylation on breast cancer risk, we conducted a meta-analysis of four prospective cohort studies, including a total of 1663 incident cases and 1885 controls, the largest study of blood DNA methylation and breast cancer risk to date. Methods We assessed associations with methylation at 365,145 CpGs present in the HumanMethylation450 (HM450K) Beadchip, after excluding CpGs that did not pass quality controls in all studies. Each of the four cohorts estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between each individual CpG and breast cancer risk. In addition, each study assessed the association between average methylation measures and breast cancer risk, adjusted and unadjusted for cell-type composition. Study-specific ORs were combined using fixed-effect meta-analysis with inverse variance weights. Stratified analyses were conducted by age at diagnosis (< 50, ≥ 50), estrogen receptor (ER) status (+/−), and time since blood collection (< 5, 5–10, > 10 years). The false discovery rate (q value) was used to account for multiple testing. Results The average age at blood draw ranged from 52.2 to 62.2 years across the four cohorts. Median follow-up time ranged from 6.6 to 8.4 years. The methylation measured at individual CpGs was not associated with breast cancer risk (q value > 0.59). In addition, higher average methylation level was not associated with risk of breast cancer (OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.85, 1.05; P = 0.26; P for study heterogeneity = 0.86). We found no evidence of modification of this association by age at diagnosis (P = 0.17), ER status (P = 0.88), time since blood collection (P = 0.98), or CpG location (P = 0.98). Conclusions Our data indicate that DNA methylation measured in the blood prior to breast cancer diagnosis in predominantly postmenopausal women is unlikely to be associated with substantial breast cancer risk on the HM450K array. Larger studies or with greater methylation coverage are needed to determine if associations exist between blood DNA methylation and breast cancer risk.

Associations of dietary patterns with the risk of all-cause, CVD and stroke mortality: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Li ◽  
Li-na Hou ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Peng-liang Chen ◽  
Chen-yong Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Stroke Mortality ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Healthy Dietary Pattern

Considerable controversy exists regarding the associations of dietary patterns with the risk of all-cause, CVD and stroke mortality. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to elucidate the potential associations between dietary patterns and the risk of all-cause, CVD and stroke mortality. The PubMed database was searched for prospective cohort studies on the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of all-cause, CVD and stroke mortality published until February 2014. Random-effects models were used to calculate the summary relative risk estimates (SRRE) based on the highest v. the lowest category of dietary pattern scores. Stratified analyses were conducted based on sex, geographical region, follow-up duration, and adjustment/non-adjustment for energy intake. A total of thirteen prospective cohort studies involving 338 787 participants were included in the meta-analysis. There was evidence of inverse associations between the prudent/healthy dietary pattern and the risk of all-cause (SRRE = 0·76, 95 % CI 0·68, 0·86) and CVD (SRRE = 0·81, 95 % CI 0·75, 0·87) mortality and an absence of association between this dietary pattern and stroke mortality (SRRE = 0·89, 95 % CI 0·77, 1·02). However, no significant associations were observed between the Western/unhealthy dietary pattern and the risk of all-cause (SRRE = 1·07, 95 % CI 0·96, 1·20), CVD (SRRE = 0·99, 95 % CI 0·91, 1·08) and stroke (SRRE = 0·94, 95 % CI 0·81, 1·10) mortality. In conclusion, the findings provide evidence that greater adherence to a prudent/healthy dietary pattern is associated with a lower risk of all-cause and CVD mortality and not significantly associated with stroke mortality and that the Western/unhealthy dietary pattern is not associated with all-cause, CVD and stroke mortality. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Association between diet quality during preconception or pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yamei Yu ◽  
Isabelle Hardy ◽  
Wenguang Sun ◽  
Fergusson Dean ◽  
Yulai Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

Background: Although women are encouraged to achieve good diet quality in preconception and pregnancy, the benefits on perinatal outcomes have not been established. Objective: To systematically review and quantify the association between diet quality and adverse perinatal outcomes. Search strategy: Medline, Embase, Food Science and Technology Abstracts and CINAHL were searched up to 5th March 2020. Selection criteria: Two authors independently screened, selected and coded relevant prospective cohort studies. Data collection and analysis: Thirty-three studies (315,431 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. Odds ratios and mean differences from individual studies were pooled using random-effects models. Main Results: The pooled results for the association between diet quality and excessive (OR: 0.91; 95 CI: 0.76, 1.10) or inadequate (OR: 0.90; 95 CI: 0.70, 1.17) gestational weight gain were not statistically significant. Women in the top tertile of diet quality scores during prepregnancy or pregnancy had a lower risk of gestational diabetes (OR: 0.77; 95 CI: 0.65, 0.90), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (OR: 0.87; 95 CI: 0.83, 0.92), preterm birth (OR: 0.77; 95 CI: 0.66, 0.89), small for gestational age (OR: 0.88; 95 CI: 0.79, 0.99) and low birth weight (OR: 0.60; 95 CI: 0.37, 0.99) compared to those in the bottom tertile. No studies were found for delivery mode. Conclusions: Data from prospective cohort studies support the potential of improving maternal diet quality in the effort to prevent adverse perinatal outcomes. Funding: Canadian Institutes of Health Research HLT 151517, National Natural Sciences Foundation of China No. 81661128010 Keywords: Diet quality, perinatal outcomes.

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