Biflavones from Platonia insignis Mart. Flowers Promote In Vitro Antileishmanial and Immunomodulatory Effects against Internalized Amastigote Forms of Leishmania amazonensis

Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease that affects millions of people worldwide, making the search essential for more accessible treatments. The species Platonia insignis Mart. (Clusiaceae) has been extensively studied and has gained prominence for its pharmacological potential. The objective of this work was to evaluate the antileishmania activity, cytotoxic effect and activation patterns of macrophages of hydroalcoholic extract (EHPi), ethyl acetate fractions (FAcOEt) and morelloflavone/volkensiflavone mixture (MB) from P. insignis flowers. EHPi, FAcOEt and MB demonstrated concentration-dependent antileishmania activity, with inhibition of parasite growth in all analyzed concentrations. EHPi exhibited maximum effect at 800 μg/mL, while FAcOEt and MB reduced the growth of the parasite by 94.62% at 800 μg/mL. EHPi, FAcOEt and MB showed low cytotoxic effects for macrophages at 81.78, 159.67 and 134.28 μg/mL, respectively. EHPi (11.25 µg/mL), FAcOEt (11.25 and 22.5 µg/mL) and MB (22.5 µg/mL) characterized the increase in lysosomal activity, suggesting a possible modulating effect. These findings open for the application of flowers from a P. insignis flowers and biflavones mixture thereof in the promising treatment of leishmaniasis.

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Cereus jamacaru D.C. Hydroalcoholic Extract Promotes Anti-Cytotoxic and Antitumor Activity

Pharmaceuticals ◽

10.3390/ph11040130 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 130 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jean Vencioneck Dutra ◽

Jean Moisés Ferreira ◽

Paula Costalonga Pereira ◽

Judá Ben-Hur de Oliveira ◽

Suiany Vitorino Gervásio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Human Lymphocytes ◽

Sarcoma 180 ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽

Anticancer Effects ◽

Tumor Reduction

Cereus jamacaru D.C. (mandacaru) is a cactus used as food and in the traditional medicine. In the present study, hydroalcoholic extract of C. jamacaru was evaluated for its chemical composition, antioxidant activity, cytotoxic and anti-cytotoxic effects in human lymphocytes and sarcoma 180 cells in vitro by MTT assay and antitumoral, mutagenic and cytotoxic effects on mice sarcoma-induced in vivo. Phytochemical characterization showed positive reactions for coumarin, flavanol and tyramine and total flavonoid content of 0.51 µg/mL. C. jamacaru showed antioxidant activity following DPPH (EC50 = 427.74 µg/mL), ABTS (EC50 = 270.57 µg/mL) and Fe2+ chelating ions assays (EC50 = 41.18 µg/mL). C. jamacaru induced significant decrease of sarcoma 180 viability at 24 h and 48 h of treatment, did not induce cytotoxicity in human lymphocytes and inhibits the cytotoxicity of cisplatin in vitro. Following in vivo assays, C. jamacaru promoted tumor reduction (86.07% of tumor inhibition), without inducing mutagenic or cytotoxic damage on mice blood cells. We propose that phenolic and alkaloid compounds in the extract are related to antioxidant activity, increasing its ability in metal chelating activity and promoting anti-cytotoxic activity against cisplatin, as well as these compounds may act on the cell cycle of the tumor cells in vitro and in vivo, leading to anticancer effects and tumor reduction.

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Cytotoxic Synergism between a Proprietary Commiphora mukul Gum Extract GU-MCT810, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, and Metformin in Human Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma and Hepatoma Cell Lines In vitro

Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jocamr/2021/v16i430307 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 185-195

Author(s):

Cheppail Ramachandran ◽

Karl-Werner Quirin ◽

Steven J. Melnick

Keyword(s):

Cell Lines ◽

Cytotoxic Effect ◽

Hepatoma Cell ◽

Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

Hepatoma Cell Lines ◽

Anticancer Effects ◽

Dose Dependent Increase ◽

Dose Dependent

In this investigation we have analyzed the synergism for the cytotoxic effect of a proprietary guggul gum extract (GU), 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) and metformin (Met) in SJRH30 human alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma and HepG2 hepatoma cell lines in vitro. 2-DG and Met as single agents have weak cytotoxic effects in both cell lines. However, the combination of GU+2-DG, GU+Met and 2-DG+Met showed synergism for cytotoxic effect by CompuSyn analysis. Therefore, GU can be included in the combination of drugs involving 2-DG and Met to have synergistic effect. GU also showed a dose-dependent increase in cellular glucose uptake in HepG2 cells like the antidiabetic drug 2,4-thiozolidine dione (TZ). The demonstration of synergism of anticancer effects between GU, metformin and 2-DG, suggest that their mechanisms are in general complementary, though further studies are required to delineate the mechanism of GU, 2-DG and metformin combinations.

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Antibacterial Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract ofPunica granatumLinn. Petal on Common Oral Microorganisms

International Journal of Biomaterials ◽

10.1155/2016/8098943 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Farnaz Hajifattahi ◽

Elham Moravej-Salehi ◽

Maryam Taheri ◽

Arash Mahboubi ◽

Mohammad Kamalinejad

Keyword(s):

Growth Inhibition ◽

Antibacterial Effect ◽

Brain Heart Infusion ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Maximum Effect ◽

Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽

Growth Inhibition Zone

Objectives. This study aimed to assess the effect of hydroalcoholic extract ofPunica granatumLinn. (P. granatum) petal onStreptococcus sanguinis,Streptococcus mutans,Streptococcus salivarius,Streptococcus sobrinus,andEnterococcus faecalis.Materials and Methods. In this in vitro study,P. granatumextract was prepared using powdered petals and water-ethanol solvent. Antibacterial effect of the extract, chlorhexidine (CHX), and ampicillin was evaluated on brain heart infusion agar (BHIA) using the cup-plate method. By assessing the diameter of the growth inhibition zone, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extract were determined for the above-mentioned bacteria.Results. Hydroalcoholic extract ofP. granatumpetal had inhibitory effects on the proliferation of all five bacterial strains with maximum effect onS. mutanswith MIC and MBC of 3.9 mg/mL. The largest growth inhibition zone diameter belonged toS. sanguinisand the smallest toE. faecalis. Ampicillin and CHX had the greatest inhibitory effect onS. sanguinis.Conclusions. Hydroalcoholic extract ofP. granatumhad a significant antibacterial effect on common oral bacterial pathogens with maximum effect onS. mutans, which is the main microorganism responsible for dental plaque and caries.

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Immunomodulatory and Anticancer Activities of Hyacinthus orientalis L.: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10040617 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 617

Author(s):

Lina T. Al Kury ◽

Zainab Taha ◽

Wamidh H. Talib

Keyword(s):

Caspase 3 ◽

Acquired Immunity ◽

Apoptosis Induction ◽

Immunomodulatory Effects ◽

Anticancer Activities ◽

Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽

Tumor Bearing ◽

Hyacinthus Orientalis

Hyacinthus orientalis L. (family Hyacinthaceae) is traditionally used to treat different diseases including cancer. In this study, the anticancer and immunomodulatory effects of this plant were evaluated. Hydroalcoholic extract was prepared, and different solvent fractions were obtained using solvent–solvent extraction. In the anticancer part, MTT assay and caspase-3 ELISA kits were used to measure the antiproliferative and apoptosis induction ability for each extract, respectively. In the immunomodulatory part, lymphocyte proliferation assay and cytokines detection kit were used to measure the effect of extracts of acquired immunity. Phagocytosis and pinocytosis induction were used to evaluate the effect of extracts on the innate immunity. GC–MS, LC–MS, and Foline–Ciocalteu assays were used to identify the chemical composition of the plant. Balb/C mice were inoculated with breast cancer and treated with hydroalcoholic extract of H. orientalis L. Results showed that hydroalcoholic extract and n-hexane fraction were highly effective in apoptosis induction. Both extract and fraction were also effective in stimulating lymphocytes proliferation and phagocytosis. Significant reduction in tumor size was achieved after treating tumor-bearing mice with hydroalcoholic extract. Additionally, high cure percentages (50%) were obtained in treated mice. Results of this study showed that H. orientalis L. has promising anticancer and immunomodulatory activities. However, further studies are needed to explore more details of apoptosis induction ability and other mechanisms of action and to measure different signaling pathways responsible for the anticancer and immunomodulatory response.

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A comparative evaluation of antimicrobial eye drops cytotoxicity

Ophthalmology journal ◽

10.17816/ov2015189-97 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 89-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Olga Igorevna Aleksandrova ◽

Igor Nikolaevich Okolov ◽

Yuri Victorovich Takhtaev ◽

Juliya Igorevna Khorolskaya ◽

Tamara Slavikovna Hintuba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Comparative Evaluation ◽

Cytotoxic Effect ◽

Cultured Cells ◽

Eye Drops ◽

Cytostatic Effect ◽

Cytotoxic Potential ◽

Cytotoxic Effects

In addition to the spectrum of antibacterial activity of antimicrobial medicines and their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, their safety is also an important issue. Currently, there is no consensus on the fluoroquinolone toxicity. The purpose of this study was to compare in vitro the overall cytotoxic effect of six antibacterial fluoroquinolone eye drops: 1. Cipromed™ (ciprofloxacin 0.3 %; Sentiss Pharma Pvt. Ltd., India); 2. Floxal™ (ofloxacin 0.3 %; Dr. Gerhard Mann, Chem.-Pharm. Fabrik GmbH, Germany); 3. Oftaquix™ (levofloxacin 0.5 %; Santen Oy, Finland); 4. Signicef® (levofloxacin 0.5 %; Sentiss Pharma Pvt. Ltd., India); 5. Vigamox® (moxifloxacin 0.5 %; Alcon Laboratories, Inc., USA); 6. Zymar® (gatifloxacin 0.3 %; Allergan Sales LLC, USA). The study showed the possibility of using cultured cells for comparative evaluation of cytotoxic effects of various ophthalmic preparations. We found that tested antimicrobial medicines may have a cytostatic effect in vitro and differ in their cytotoxic potential.

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The Cytotoxic Effects of Humic Acid on Human Breast Cancer Cells

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2251565 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (25) ◽

pp. 1565

Author(s):

Asli Aykac ◽

Eda Becer ◽

Tuğçe Balcı Okcanoğlu ◽

Meryem Güvenir ◽

Kaya Süer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Humic Acid ◽

Cell Line ◽

Cytotoxic Effect ◽

Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽

Human Breast ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

Human Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽

Mcf 7

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and in order to create alternative treatments different types of in vivo and in vitro studies have used various plant-based therapeutic agents. Humic acid (HA) induces apoptosis and has various pharmacological properties including anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects. In our study, we examined the cytotoxic effects of HA at concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 μg/mL in human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cell line for 24 and 48 h. By using MTT method, it has been found out that HA 100 g/mL had cytotoxic effect on human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cell line at both 24 and 48 h; also found out that the effective dose of HA at the same time (24 and 48 h) was 50 μg/mL. The results of our study will shed light on the development of alternative therapeutic approaches in the treatment of cancer by evaluating the cytotoxic effect of HA.

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Synthesis of platinum(II) complexes of 2-cycloalkyl-substituted benzimidazoles and their cytotoxic effects

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2014-4188 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 70 (9-10) ◽

pp. 243-250

Author(s):

A. Berna Özçelik ◽

Fatma Gümüş ◽

Rahşan Ilıkçı Sağkan ◽

Uğur Muşabak

Keyword(s):

Cell Viability ◽

Hela Cells ◽

Cytotoxic Effect ◽

Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽

Cytotoxic Activities ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

Viability Test ◽

Flow Cytometric ◽

A Cell

Abstract Five novel Pt(II) complexes with some 2-cycloalkyl-substituted benzimidazole carrier-ligands were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activities against HeLa and OVCAR-3 cell lines. A cell viability test revealed that [dichloro-bis(2-cycloheptylbenzimidazole) platinum(II)] is less cytotoxic than cisplatin, and its cytotoxic effect can be compared with that of carboplatin. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that this complex at 117 μM concentration causes apoptosis in approx. 72 % of the OVCAR-3 cell population. In addition, the complex was found to cause an increase in the SubG1 population of both OVCAR-3 and HeLa cells and to cause less apoptosis in HeLa cells than cisplatin.

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