scholarly journals Prevalence of Cyclomodulin-Positive E. coli and Klebsiella spp. Strains in Mexican Patients with Colon Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Adrian Canizalez-Roman ◽  
Juan E. Reina-Reyes ◽  
Uriel A. Angulo-Zamudio ◽  
Eloy E. Geminiano-Martínez ◽  
Antonio F. Flores-Carrillo ◽  
...  

Colon diseases, such as colorectal cancer (CRC), are multifactor diseases that affect more than one million people per year; recently, the microbiota has been associated with an etiologic factor, specifically bacterial cyclomodulin positivity (CM+). Unfortunately, there are no studies from Mexico that detail the presence of bacterial CM+ in patients with colon diseases. We therefore performed a comprehensive study to investigate the associations and prevalence of cyclomodulin-positive Diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC), non-DEC, and Klebsiella spp. strains isolated from Mexican subjects with colon diseases. In this work, we analyzed 43 biopsies, 87 different bacteria were isolated, and E. coli was the most frequently noted, followed by Klebsiella spp., and Enterococcus spp. E. coli, non-DEC, and EPEC belonging to phylogroup B2 were the most prevalent. More than 80% of E. coli and Klebsiella were CM+. pks, cdt, cnf, and cif were identified. cdt was associated with non-DEC, cif and its combinations with EPEC, as well as cdt and psk with Klebsiella. Lastly, all the CM+ bacteria were resistant to at least one antibiotic (34% were MDR, and 48% XDR). In conclusion, the high prevalence of bacterial CM+ in colon disease patients suggests that these bacteria play an important role in the genesis of these diseases.

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Вадим Альбот ◽  
Vadim Albot ◽  
Ирина Келешева ◽  
Irina Kelesheva

In the structure of diseases of the urinary system in children, microbial-inflammatory lesions of the kidneys and urinary tract are 70–80 %. The prevalence of infections of urinary system in children in the Russian Federation is on average 18–22 per 1000 children’s population. The aim of the study was to analyze the spectrum of infectious agents of urinary infection in children and to determine the dynamics of bacterial resistance. We analyzed 330 cases of urinary system infection in children aged from 2 months up to 18 years in two time peri- ods – 2002–2004 and 2014–2016 (n = 114 and n = 216, respectively). Patients of both periods were divided into three groups: the first one – cystitis, the second one – pyelonephritis and the third group – a combination of pyelonephritis and cystitis. An obligatory criterion for including the patient in the study was the presence of a pathogmonic combina- tion of leukocyturia and bacteriuria, 10 5 KOE/ml, for the infection of the urinary system. The main causative agent of urinary infection in children remains E. coli. An increase is marked in the specific gravity of E. coli, Enterococcus spp. and Klebsiella spp., Pr. vulgaris. The study revealed the growth of E. coli resistance to cephalosporins of II, III, IV generations; decreased resistance of Enterococcus spp. to ampicillin and gentamicin. In the study of the sensitivity of Klebsiella spp. an increase was detected in resistance to cephalosporins of the III generation. We identified the main pathogens of infections of the urinary system and determined bacterial resistance.


2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afsana Fatema Noor ◽  
Fariza Shams ◽  
Saurab Kishore Munshi ◽  
Munir Hassan ◽  
Rashed Noor

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is increasingly rising in Bangladesh due to the development of resistance of causative pathogens against commonly prescribed antibiotics. Present study attempted to examine the prevalence of such uropathogens and their antibiogram profiles. Among 462 urine samples collected from patients with UTI, 100 were found to be culture positive. Escherichia coli (70%) was predominating, while Klebsiella spp. (11%) and Enterococcus spp. (6%) were also prevalent. About 96% uropathogens were sensitive against imipenem, and 75% against amikacin. The resistance rate of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. against ampicillin was 98.5 and 100%, respectively, and to cefotaxime, 84.3 and 72.8%, respectively. More than 80% resistance against these antibiotics was scored for other isolates. The frequency of drug resistance was found to be comparatively elevated in E. coli, Pseudomonas spp. and Proteus spp. Overall, the present investigation emphasized the need for routine screening of antibiotic resistance to promote effective medication against UTI. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v37i1.15681 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 37, No. 1, 57-63, 2013


Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fátima Abreu-Salinas ◽  
Dafne Díaz-Jiménez ◽  
Isidro García-Meniño ◽  
Pilar Lumbreras ◽  
Ana María López-Beceiro ◽  
...  

The aim of this work was to assess the prevalence of extended spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)- and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in fecal samples recovered from rural and urban healthy dogs in Northwest Spain (Galicia) to identify potential high-risk clones and to molecularly characterize positive isolates regarding the genes coding for ESBL/pAmpC resistance and virulence. Thirty-five (19.6%) out of 179 dogs were positive for cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, including Escherichiacoli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (39 and three isolates, respectively). All the isolates were multidrug resistant, with high rates of resistance to different drugs, including ciprofloxacin (71.4%). A wide diversity of ESBL/pAmpC enzymes, as well as E. coli phylogroups (A, B1, C, D, E, F and clade I) were found. The eight isolates (20.5%) found to conform to the ExPEC status, belonged to clones O1:H45-clade I-ST770 (CH11-552), O18:H11-A-ST93-CC168 (CH11-neg), O23:H16-B1-ST453-CC86 (CH6-31), and O83:H42-F-ST1485-CC648 (CH231-58), with the latter also complying the uropathogenic (UPEC) status. The three K. pneumoniae recovered produced CTX-M-15 and belonged to the ST307, a clone previously reported in human clinical isolates. Our study highlights the potential role of both rural and urban dogs as a reservoir of high-risk Enterobacteriaceae clones, such as the CC648 of E. coli and antimicrobial resistance traits. Within a One-Health approach, their surveillance should be a priority in the fight against antimicrobial resistance.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beilei Ge ◽  
Kelly J. Domesle ◽  
Stuart A. Gaines ◽  
Claudia Lam ◽  
Sonya M. Bodeis Jones ◽  
...  

The role animal food plays in the introduction of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria into the human food chain is not well understood. We conducted an analysis of 1025 samples (647 pet food and 378 animal feed) collected across the United States during 2005–2011 for two indicator organisms (Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp.). The overall prevalence ranged from 12.5% for E. coli to 45.2% for Enterococcus spp., and 11.2% of samples harbored both organisms. Regardless of bacterial genus, animal feed had significantly higher prevalence than pet food (p < 0.001). A general downward trend in prevalence was observed from 2005 to 2009 followed by an upward trend thereafter. Among E. coli isolates (n = 241), resistance was highest to tetracycline (11.2%) and below 5% for fourteen other antimicrobials. Among Enterococcus spp. isolates (n = 1074), Enterococcus faecium (95.1%) was the predominant species. Resistance was most common to tetracycline (30.1%) and ciprofloxacin (10.7%), but below 10% for thirteen other antimicrobials. Multidrug-resistant organisms were observed among both E. coli and Enterococcus spp. isolates at 3.3%. Compared to National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) 2011 retail meat and animal data, the overall resistance for both organisms was much lower in animal food. These findings help establish a historic baseline for the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance among U.S. animal food products and future efforts may be needed to monitor changes over time.


2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 847-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELENA ÁLVAREZ-FERNÁNDEZ ◽  
JESSICA DOMÍNGUEZ-RODRÍGUEZ ◽  
ROSA CAPITA ◽  
CARLOS ALONSO-CALLEJA

Microbial counts (aerobic bacteria, psychrotrophs, Enterobacteriaceae, coliforms, Pseudomonas spp., Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., and molds and yeasts) were obtained for the shells of 240 table eggs in northwestern Spain. Eggs from six sources (40 samples in each) were analyzed: chicken eggs from five different housing systems (conventional battery cages, barn, free range, organic, and domestic breeding) and quail eggs (cages). A total of 120 Escherichia coli strains (20 from each source) were tested by the disk diffusion method for resistance to 12 antimicrobial drugs of veterinary and human health significance. Aerobic plate counts ranged from 1.96 ± 1.0 (barn) to 3.69 ± 0.7 (domestic) log CFU/cm2. Counts for most microbial groups differed significantly between sources. Eggs from domestic production had the highest contamination loads (P &lt; 0.05) for aerobic bacteria, Enterococcus spp., and molds and yeasts and the highest prevalence of E. coli. Twenty-three E. coli isolates (19.17%) were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested, and 80.83% were resistant to one (22.50%) or more (58.33%) antimicrobials. The housing system had a significant influence (P &lt; 0.05) on the average resistance per strain, with the highest resistance in conventional cage (2.85) and barn (3.10) systems followed by free range (1.55) and quail (1.95). Eggs from organic (1.00) and domestic (0.75) production systems had the lowest resistance per strain. The highest prevalence of resistance was observed for the groups of antimicrobials more frequently used on poultry farms. Our results suggest that a relationship exists between the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in E. coli strains and the more frequent use of antimicrobials in conventional (cage, barn, and free range) than in domestic and organic chicken housing systems. Education covering good sanitary practices for handling eggs to avoid cross-contamination or inadequate cooking is needed.


2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-358
Author(s):  
Jaiberth Antonio Cardona Arias ◽  
Claudia Patricia Orrego Marin ◽  
Claudia Patricia Henao Mejia

Introducción: Las infecciones del tracto urinario (ITU), constituyen una de las infecciones bacterianas más prevalentes, sus agentes etiológicos incluyen Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp, Proteus spp, Enterococcus spp, Pseudomonas spp y Staphylococcus spp, los cuales presentan prevalencias y perfiles de susceptibilidad antibiótica diferentes entre poblaciones. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de ITU, uropatógenos y el perfil de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana en una Institución Prestadora de Servicios de Salud (IPS) de Medellín, 2011-2012. Métodos: Estudio de prevalencia en 1.959 individuos atendidos en una IPS de tercer nivel. Se calcularon medidas de resumen, proporciones, razones de prevalencia, Chi cuadrado y Fisher. Se cuantificó la modificación del efecto (confusión o interacción) con análisis estratificado y modelos de regresión logística binaria en SPSS 21.0®. Resultados: La prevalencia de ITU fue 31% los principales agentes etiológicos fueron E. coli (69%), Enterococcus spp (11%) y Klebsiella spp (8%). La ITU y la infección por E. coli fueron estadísticamente mayores en mujeres y adultos mayores. La mayor frecuencia de resistencia de E. coli fue para ampicilina (61%), Ácido nalidixico (48%), TrimetropinSulfa (48%) y Ciprofloxacina (42%); mientras que en Klebsiella spp fue Ampicilina (100%), TrimetropinSulfa (23%), Ampicilina- Sulbactam (22%) y Cefalotina (19%). Conclusión: La elevada prevalencia de ITU, la multiplicidad de uropatógenos aislados, la identificación de grupos de mayor riesgo y la diversidad de perfiles de resistencia antibiótica, evidencian la necesidad de desarrollar investigaciones locales que permitan orientar las acciones en salud y vigilancia epidemiológica, acordes con las particularidades de cada población.


2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vania M. Carvalho ◽  
Tatiana Spinola ◽  
Fabrizia Tavolari ◽  
Kinue Irino ◽  
Rosana M. Oliveira ◽  
...  

As infecções bacterianas do trato urinário (ITUs) são causa comum de doença em cães, gatos e humanos. Embora bactérias Gram positivas como Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. e Enterococcus spp., possam ocasionar ITUs, as bactérias Gram negativas (Escherichia coli, Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp. e Enterobacter spp.) respondem por 75% dos casos. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a frequência de diferentes gêneros de bactérias em ITUs em cães e gatos, bem como a sua sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos utilizados na rotina clínica. Portanto, amostras de urina de 100 cães e gatos com sinais de ITU foram coletadas assepticamente, sofrendo avaliação microbiológica por meio de métodos qualitativos e quantitativos, além de urinálise. Todos os isolados foram submetidos a testes de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos. ITU foi confirmada em 74% dos animais, não havendo predominância quanto ao sexo. No que diz respeito à idade, 85% dos cães e 87% dos gatos tinham idades superiores a seis anos. Noventa e cinco cepas bacterianas foram isoladas, com maior frequência de Escherichia coli (55% do total) dos sorogrupos O6 e O2. Constatou-se níveis elevados de resistência a antimicrobianos nas cepas isoladas. Para as cepas Gram positivas, tetraciclina (46,1%), enrofloxacina, cotrimazol e estreptomicina (42,3% cada) foram as drogas com os maiores índices de resistência. Para as Gram negativas, amoxacilina e tetraciclina apresentaram percentuais acima de 50%. Multiresistência foi verificada em mais de 50% dos principais gêneros isolados. Considerando-se que as cepas de E. coli apresentam potencial zoonótico e forte participação na disseminação de resistência aos antimicrobianos, ressalta-se a importância do papel do médico veterinário na prevenção e controle das ITUs animais e sua contribuição para a saúde pública.


2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (12) ◽  
pp. 2007-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMIT VIKRAM ◽  
ERIC MILLER ◽  
TERRANCE M. ARTHUR ◽  
JOSEPH M. BOSILEVAC ◽  
TOMMY L. WHEELER ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTU.S. ground beef with “raised without antibiotics” (RWA) label claims are perceived as harboring fewer bacteria with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) than are found in conventional (CONV) ground beef with no such label claim. A total of 370 ground beef samples from CONV (n = 191) and RWA (n = 179) production systems were collected over 13 months from three food service suppliers. The following bacteria were cultured: Escherichia coli, tetracycline-resistant (TETr) E. coli, third-generation cephalosporin-resistant (3GCr) E. coli, Salmonella enterica, TETr S. enterica, 3GCr S. enterica, nalidixic acid–resistant S. enterica, Enterococcus spp., erythromycin-resistant Enterococcus spp., TETr Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus. TETr E. coli was more frequently detected in CONV ground beef (CONV, 54.2%; RWA, 35.2%; P &lt; 0.01), but supplier (P &lt; 0.01) and production system × suppler interaction (P &lt; 0.01) effects were also significant. Metagenomic DNA was isolated from each sample, and equal amounts of metagenomic DNA were pooled by supplier, month, and production system for 75 pooled samples (38 CONV, 37 RWA). The abundance of aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2″)-Ia, aadA1, blaCMY-2, blaCTX-M, blaKPC-2, erm(B), mecA, tet(A), tet(B), and tet(M) genes was assessed by quantitative PCR. The tet(A) (2.9-log2-fold change, P = 0.04) and tet(B) (5.6-log2-fold change) (P = 0.03) genes were significantly more abundant in RWA ground beef. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that ground beef microbiomes differed more by supplier than by production system. These results were consistent with prior research suggesting antimicrobial use in U.S. beef cattle has minimal impact on the AMR of bacteria found in these products. These results should spur a reevaluation of assumptions regarding the impact of antimicrobial use during U.S. beef production on the AMR of bacteria in ground beef.


2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3(71)) ◽  
pp. 248-251
Author(s):  
R.A. Peleno

The article deals with the results of search of the influence of intestinal parasites on the indicators of antilysozyme and anticomplementary activity of microorganism of distal department of intestine. It was established, that the products of intestinal parasites of pigs reduce anti lysozyme activity of such obligate anaerobes as Bifidobacterium spp. to 42.1% (р < 0.01), Prevotella spp. to 14.3%, Clostridium spр. to 66.7% (р < 0,001). With MAFAnM to 38.5% (р < 0.05) in Lactobacillus spp. and to 50.0% (р < 0.01) in Streptococcus spp. Higher compared with the control, antilysozyme activity was in Bacteroides spp. (р < 0.05), Eubacterium spp. (р < 0,001), Propionіbacterium spp. (р < 0.01), Peptostreptococcus spp. (р < 0.05), Fusobacterium spp. (р < 0.01), E. coli lact. «+» hem «-» (р < 0.05), Klebsiella spp. (р < 0.001), Citrobacter spp. (р < 0.01), Enterococcus spp. (р < 0.05), Staphylococcus spp. (р<0.001), Candida spp. (р<0.001) abstracted from the distal intestine of pigs affected with mixed nematodosis - protoozic invasion. With the action of products of vital functions of ascarices, eymeria and balantides, the anticomplementary activity significantly increases in Prevotella spp. (р < 0.01), Clostridium spр. (р < 0.001), Eubacterium spp. (р < 0.001), Propionіbacterium spp. (р < 0.001), Peptostreptococcus spp. (р < 0,001), Fusobacterium spp. (р < 0.001), Lactobacillus spp. (р < 0.05), E. coli lact. «+» hem «-» (р < 0.01), E. coli lact. «-» hem «+» (р < 0.001), Klebsiella spp. (р < 0.05), Enterobacter spp. (р < 0.001), Enterococcus spp. (р < 0.001), Streptococcus spp. (р < 0.001) and only in Bacteroides spp. it was significantly lower (р < 0.001), compared with the control.


2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1404-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Smith ◽  
D. J. V. Drum ◽  
Y. Dai ◽  
J. M. Kim ◽  
S. Sanchez ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Escherichia coli strains isolated from commercial broilers and an experimental flock of chickens were screened to determine phenotypic expression of antimicrobial resistance and carriage of drug resistance determinants. The goal of this study was to investigate the influence of oxytetracycline, sarafloxacin, and enrofloxacin administration on the distribution of resistance determinants and strain types among intestinal commensal E. coli strains isolated from broiler chickens. We detected a high prevalence of resistance to drugs such as tetracycline (36 to 97%), sulfonamides (50 to 100%), and streptomycin (53 to 100%) in E. coli isolates from treated and untreated flocks. These isolates also had a high prevalence of class 1 integron carriage, and most of them possessed the streptomycin resistance cassette, aadA1. In order to investigate the contribution of E. coli strain distribution to the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and the resistance determinants, isolates from each flock were DNA fingerprinted by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence (ERIC) PCR. Although very diverse E. coli strain types were detected, four ERIC strain types were present on all of the commercial broiler farms, and two of the strains were also found in the experimental flocks. Each E. coli strain consisted of both susceptible and antimicrobial agent-resistant isolates. In some instances, isolates of the same E. coli strain expressed the same drug resistance patterns although they harbored different tet determinants or streptomycin resistance genes. Therefore, drug resistance patterns could not be explained solely by strain prevalence, indicating that mobile elements contributed significantly to the prevalence of resistance.


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