scholarly journals Thermoresponsive Chitosan-Grafted-Poly(N-Vinylcaprolactam) Microgels Via Ionotropic Gelation for Oncological Applications

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1654
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Marsili ◽  
Michele Dal Bo ◽  
Federico Berti ◽  
Giuseppe Toffoli
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Gel Structure ◽  
Ionotropic Gelation ◽  
Deformable Particles ◽  
Average Size

Microgels can be considered soft, porous and deformable particles with an internal gel structure swollen by a solvent and an average size between 100 and 1000 nm. Due to their biocompatibility, colloidal stability, their unique dynamicity and the permeability of their architecture, they are emerging as important candidates for drug delivery systems, sensing and biocatalysis. In clinical applications, the research on responsive microgels is aimed at the development of “smart” delivery systems that undergo a critical change in conformation and size in reaction to a change in environmental conditions (temperature, magnetic fields, pH, concentration gradient). Recent achievements in biodegradable polymer fabrication have resulted in new appealing strategies, including the combination of synthetic and natural-origin polymers with inorganic nanoparticles, as well as the possibility of controlling drug release remotely. In this review, we provide a literature review on the use of dual and multi-responsive chitosan-grafted-poly-(N-vinylcaprolactam) (CP) microgels in drug delivery and oncological applications.

scholarly journals Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Retinal Diseases: Basic Research to Clinical Applications

2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 5403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry F. Edelhauser ◽  
Cheryl L. Rowe-Rendleman ◽  
Michael R. Robinson ◽  
Daniel G. Dawson ◽  
Gerald J. Chader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Ophthalmic Drug Delivery ◽  
Ophthalmic Drug

scholarly journals Nanoparticulate Antibiotic Systems as Antibacterial Agents and Antibiotic Delivery Platforms to Fight Infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Antonio Vassallo ◽  
Maria Francesca Silletti ◽  
Immacolata Faraone ◽  
Luigi Milella
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Stealth Liposomes ◽  
Nanoparticulate Systems ◽  
Antibiotic Delivery

Today’s human society, product of decades of progress in all fields of knowledge, would have been unimaginable without the discovery of antibiotics and more generally of antimicrobials. However, from the beginning, the scientific community was aware that microorganisms through various strategies were able to hinder and render vain antibiotic action. Common examples are the phenomena of persistence, tolerance, and resistance, up to the creation of the feared bacterial biofilms. Antibiotics are a precious but equally labile resource that must be preserved but at the same time reinforced to safeguard their effectiveness. Nanoparticulate systems such as nanobactericides, with their inherent antibacterial activity, and nanocarriers, which operate as drug delivery systems for conventional antibiotics, are innovative therapies made available by nanotechnology. Inorganic nanoparticles are effective both as nanobactericides (AgNPs, ZnONPs, and TiO2NPs) and as nanocarriers (AgNPs, AuNPs, ZnONPs, and TiO2NPs) against sensitive and multi-drug-resistant bacterial strains. Liposomes are among the most studied and flexible antibiotic delivery platforms: conventional liposomes allow passive targeting at the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS); “stealth” liposomes prevent macrophage uptake so as to eradicate infections in tissues and organs outside MPS; thanks to their positive charge, cationic liposomes interact preferentially with bacterial and biofilm surfaces, acting as innate antibacterials as well as drug delivery systems (DDS); fusogenic liposomes have fluid bilayers that promote fusion with microbial membranes; and finally, ligand-targeted liposomes provide active targeting at infection sites. Dendrimers are among the most recent and attractive nanoparticulate systems, thanks to their multibranched nanoarchitecture, which equipped them with multiple active sites for loading antibiotics and also interacting with bacteria. Finally, nanoantibiotics represent a new hopeful generation of antibiotic candidates capable of increasing or even restoring the clinical efficacy of “old” antibiotics rendered useless by the resistance phenomena.

scholarly journals Colloidal stability of nano-sized particles in the peritoneal fluid: Towards optimizing drug delivery systems for intraperitoneal therapy

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2965-2975 ◽  
Author(s):  
George R. Dakwar ◽  
Elisa Zagato ◽  
Joris Delanghe ◽  
Sabrina Hobel ◽  
Achim Aigner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Intraperitoneal Therapy

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics of Pullulan–Dexamethasone Conjugates in Retinal Drug Delivery

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Eva Kicková ◽  
Amir Sadeghi ◽  
Jooseppi Puranen ◽  
Shirin Tavakoli ◽  
Merve Sen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Intravitreal Injections ◽  
Aqueous Humor Outflow ◽  
Charged Nanoparticles ◽  
Average Size

The treatment of retinal diseases by intravitreal injections requires frequent administration unless drug delivery systems with long retention and controlled release are used. In this work, we focused on pullulan (≈67 kDa) conjugates of dexamethasone as therapeutic systems for intravitreal administration. The pullulan–dexamethasone conjugates self-assemble into negatively charged nanoparticles (average size 326 ± 29 nm). Intravitreal injections of pullulan and pullulan–dexamethasone were safe in mouse, rat and rabbit eyes. Fluorescently labeled pullulan particles showed prolonged retention in the vitreous and they were almost completely eliminated via aqueous humor outflow. Pullulan conjugates also distributed to the retina via Müller glial cells when tested in ex vivo retina explants and in vivo. Pharmacokinetic simulations showed that pullulan–dexamethasone conjugates may release free and active dexamethasone in the vitreous humor for over 16 days, even though a large fraction of dexamethasone may be eliminated from the eye as bound pullulan–dexamethasone. We conclude that pullulan based drug conjugates are promising intravitreal drug delivery systems as they may reduce injection frequency and deliver drugs into the retinal cells.

Nanoparticle-cored dendrimers: functional hybrid nanocomposites as a new platform for drug delivery systems

Nanoscale ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3808-3816 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Brunetti ◽  
L. M. Bouchet ◽  
M. C. Strumia
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Membrane Properties

Nanoparticle-cored dendrimers (NCDs) are now offering themselves as versatile carriers because of their colloidal stability, tunable membrane properties and ability to encapsulate or integrate a broad range of drugs and molecules.

scholarly journals Nanosized Minicells Generated by Lactic Acid Bacteria for Drug Delivery

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huu Ngoc Nguyen ◽  
Santa Romero Jovel ◽  
Tu Hoang Khue Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Microbial Infection ◽  
Clinical Stages

Nanotechnology has the ability to target specific areas of the body, controlling the drug release and significantly increasing the bioavailability of active compounds. Organic and inorganic nanoparticles have been developed for drug delivery systems. Many delivery systems are through clinical stages for development and market. Minicell, a nanosized cell generated by bacteria, is a potential particle for drug delivery because of its size, safety, and biodegradability. Minicells produced by bacteria could drive therapeutic agents against cancer, microbial infection, and other diseases by targeting. In addition, minicells generated by lactic acid bacteria being probiotics are more interesting than others because of their benefits like safety, immunological improvement, and biodegradation. This review aims to highlight the stages of development of nanoparticle for drug delivery and discuss their advantages and limitations to clarify minicells as a new opportunity for the development of potential nanoparticle for drug delivery.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Antimicrobial Nanomaterials

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Muthupandian Saravanan ◽  
Melaku Ashagrie Belete ◽  
Selam Niguse ◽  
Ephrem Tsegay ◽  
Tadele Araya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Social Burden ◽  
Conventional Drug ◽  
Global Issue

Back in the mid-nineties, the discovery of antimicrobials denoted a profound and remarkable achievement in medicine which was capable of saving lives. However, recently, antimicrobial resistance became a major global issue facing modern medicine and significantly increased among bacteria, fungi, and viruses which results in reduced efficacy of many clinically important and lifesaving antimicrobials. The growing rise of antimicrobial resistance inflicts a remarkable economic and social burden on the health care system globally. The replacement of conventional antimicrobials by new technology to counteract and lessen antimicrobial resistance is currently ongoing. Nanotechnology is an advanced approach to overcome challenges of such resisted conventional drug delivery systems mainly based on the development and fabrication of nanoparticulate structures. Numerous forms of nanoparticulate systems have been discovered and tried as prospective drug delivery systems, comprising organic and inorganic nanoparticles.

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