Traditional Uses, Nutritional and Pharmacological Potentials of Clerodendrum volubile

Clerodendrum volubile is an underutilized leafy vegetable consumed in some parts of Nigeria. The interest in C. volubile has continued to increase due to its multipurpose values, including traditional uses, nutritional properties, and some therapeutic potentials; however, the pharmacological prospects of the plant are yet to be fully explored. Therefore, in the present review, different databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, etc. were explored to retrieve publications used to write this review. The pharmacological potentials of C. volubile, such as anticancer, antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, and anti-hypertensive properties, were highlighted. The toxicological potential of the plant is also discussed. Proposed mechanisms that underline its biological activities include modulation of redox homeostasis, leading to decreased oxidative stress; down-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression; inhibition of key enzymes implicated in diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and neurological diseases; and inhibition of oxidative burst and inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, the prospect of endophytes from C. volubile as a bioresource to produce novel therapeutic agents, as well as the development of nanotherapeutics from the plant extracts and its phytoconstituents, are discussed. In conclusion, C. volubile possesses an enormous number of possible pharmacological properties and therapeutic potentials waiting to be explored.

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γ-Hydroxybutenolide Containing Marine Natural Products and Their Synthesis: A Review

Current Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1385272823666191021122810 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (22) ◽

pp. 2436-2468

Author(s):

Supriya Tilvi ◽

Safia Khan ◽

Mahesh S. Majik

Keyword(s):

Natural Products ◽

Phospholipase A2 ◽

Marine Natural Products ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Therapeutic Agents ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

Molecular Structures ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Secretory Phospholipase A2 ◽

Biological Studies

: γ-Hydroxybutenolides (γ-HB) is an important structural core found in many bioactive marine natural products (MNPS). The γ-HB core containing NPS served as an inspiration to medicinal chemists to undertake designing of the new synthetic strategies to construct γ-HB core. Subsequently, it further results in the development of novel physiological and therapeutic agents. The most notable example includes manoalides, cacospongionolides, petrosaspongioide M and dysidiolide from marine sponges possessing anti-inflammatory properties. γ-HB containing MNPS were known to possess various pharmacological properties such as antimicrobial (acantholide B), cytotoxic (acantholide A-E, spongianolide A), inhibitors of secretory phospholipase A2 (cladocorans A and B), BACE inhibitors (ianthellidone G), etc. Moreover, the γ-HB moiety was explored as antifouling agents as well. Owing to their numerous biological activities and attractive molecular structures, there are lots of advances in the synthetic methodology of these compounds. This review gives the account on isolation and biological studies of MNPS with γ-HB skeleton as a core unit. Furthermore, the synthesis of selective γ-HB containing bioactive MNPS like manoalide, secomanoalide, cacospongionolides, luffarielloide and dysidiolide were highlighted in the article.

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Traditional Uses, Chemical Profile and Biological Activities of Piper hispidum Sw.: a Review

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry ◽

10.33263/briac115.1311513129 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 13115-13129

Keyword(s):

Web Of Science ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Raw Material ◽

Medical Professionals ◽

Benzoic Acids ◽

Chemical Profile ◽

High Demand ◽

Scientific Databases ◽

Traditional Uses ◽

Phytochemical Studies

Piper hispidum Sw. (Piperaceae) (syn. Piper hispidinervum) is a medicinal shrub distributed in Central and South America, widely used as an astringent, diuretic, stimulant for unblocking the liver and stopping hemorrhages. The plant has great interest among researchers due to the production of essential oil and important raw material for the chemical industry, which has a high demand for cosmetic, insecticide, and pesticide industries. In this review, traditional uses, phytochemicals, and biological activities of P. hispidum are comprehensively and systematically summarized through searching scientific databases, including Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of amides, benzoic acids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, butenolides, phenol, and essential oils; hence it has several activities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, α-amylase, insecticidal, schistosomicidal, leishmanial, larvicidal, antiplasmodial, cytotoxicity, estrogenic and serotonergic properties. This review is expected to draw the attention of medical professionals and the general public towards P. hispidum as well as to open the door for detailed research in the future.

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Natural Coumarins: Exploring the Pharmacological Complexity and Underlying Molecular Mechanisms

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2021/6492346 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-19

Author(s):

Javad Sharifi-Rad ◽

Natália Cruz-Martins ◽

Pía López-Jornet ◽

Eduardo Pons-Fuster Lopez ◽

Nidaa Harun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Therapeutic Agents ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Synthetic Accessibility ◽

Natural Coumarins ◽

Valuable Function

Coumarins belong to the benzopyrone family commonly found in many medicinal plants. Natural coumarins demonstrated a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, anticancer, antibacterial, antimalarial, casein kinase-2 (CK2) inhibitory, antifungal, antiviral, Alzheimer’s disease inhibition, neuroprotective, anticonvulsant, phytoalexins, ulcerogenic, and antihypertensive. There are very few studies on the bioavailability of coumarins; therefore, further investigations are necessitated to study the bioavailability of different coumarins which already showed good biological activities in previous studies. On the evidence of varied pharmacological properties, the present work presents an overall review of the derivation, availability, and biological capacities of coumarins with further consideration of the essential mode of their therapeutic actions. In conclusion, a wide variety of coumarins are available, and their pharmacological activities are of current interest thanks to their synthetic accessibility and riches in medicinal plants. Coumarins perform the valuable function as therapeutic agents in a range of medical fields.

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Genus Stachys: A Review of Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Bioactivity

Medicines ◽

10.3390/medicines7100063 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 63

Author(s):

Ekaterina-Michaela Tomou ◽

Christina Barda ◽

Helen Skaltsa

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Present Review ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Traditional Medicines ◽

Traditional Uses ◽

Perennial Herbs ◽

New Research ◽

Phytochemical Profiles

Background: The genus Stachys L. (Lamiaceae) includes about 300 species as annual or perennial herbs or small shrubs, spread in temperate regions of Mediterranean, Asia, America and southern Africa. Several species of this genus are extensively used in various traditional medicines. They are consumed as herbal preparations for the treatment of stress, skin inflammations, gastrointestinal disorders, asthma and genital tumors. Previous studies have investigated the chemical constituents and the biological activities of these species. Thus, the present review compiles literature data on ethnomedicine, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, clinical studies and the toxicity of genus Stachys. Methods: Comprehensive research of previously published literature was performed for studies on the traditional uses, bioactive compounds and pharmacological properties of the genus Stachys, using databases with different key search words. Results: This survey documented 60 Stachys species and 10 subspecies for their phytochemical profiles, including 254 chemical compounds and reported 19 species and 4 subspecies for their pharmacological properties. Furthermore, 25 species and 6 subspecies were found for their traditional uses. Conclusions: The present review highlights that Stachys spp. consist an important source of bioactive phytochemicals and exemplifies the uncharted territory of this genus for new research studies.

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Flavones as a Privileged Scaffold in Drug Discovery: Current Developments

Current Organic Synthesis ◽

10.2174/1570179416666190719125730 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. 968-1001

Author(s):

Pone K. Boniface ◽

Ferreira I. Elizabeth

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Therapeutic Agents ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Chemical Transformations ◽

National Library ◽

Scientific Publications ◽

Multifactorial Diseases ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Privileged Scaffold

Background: Flavones are one of the main subclasses of flavonoids with diverse pharmacological properties. They have been reported to possess antimalarial, antimicrobial, anti-tuberculosis, anti-allergic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities, among others. Objective: The present review summarizes the recent information on the pharmacological properties of naturally occurring and synthetic flavones. Method: Scientific publications referring to natural and synthetic flavones in relation to their biological activities were hand-searched in databases such as SciFinder, PubMed (National Library of Medicine), Science Direct, Wiley, ACS, SciELO, Springer, among others. Results: As per the literature, seventy-five natural flavones were predicted as active compounds with reference to their IC50 (<20 µg/mL) in in vitro studies. Also, synthetic flavones were found active against several diseases. Conclusion: As per the literature, flavones are important sources for the potential treatment of multifactorial diseases. However, efforts toward the development of flavone-based therapeutic agents are still needed. The appearance of new catalysts and chemical transformations is expected to provide avenues for the synthesis of unexplored flavones, leading to the discovery of flavones with new properties and biological activities.

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A Review on Sarcocornia Species: Ethnopharmacology, Nutritional Properties, Phytochemistry, Biological Activities and Propagation

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10112778 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2778

Author(s):

Luísa Custódio ◽

Maria João Rodrigues ◽

Catarina G. Pereira ◽

Viana Castañeda-Loaiza ◽

Eliana Fernandes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Marshes ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Economic Potential ◽

Nutritional Properties ◽

Succulent Plant ◽

Potential Applications ◽

Medicinal Properties ◽

Soil And Water

Sarcocornia A. J. Scott is a halophytic edible succulent plant belonging to the Amaranthaceae family. To date, the genus includes 28 species distributed worldwide in saline environments, usually salt marshes. Sarcocornia (Scott) is similar to Salicornia (L.), which has a recognized commercial value in morphological and taxonomical traits. Species of both genera are commonly named samphire or glassworts in Europe, and their fleshy shoots are commercialized under their traditional names. Due to their nutritional, organoleptic and medicinal properties, Sarcocornia species have a high economic potential in various biotechnology sectors. Being highly tolerant to salt, they can be cultivated in saline conditions, and dissimilar to Salicornia, they are perennial, i.e., they can be harvested year-round. Therefore, Sarcocornia species are considered promising gourmet vegetables to be explored in the context of climate change, soil and water salinization and eco-sustainability. We hereby put together and reviewed the most relevant information on Sarcocornia taxonomy, morphology, nutritional and pharmacological properties, uses in ethnomedicine, potential applications in biotechnology, and propagation strategies.

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Vascular Epiphytic Medicinal Plants as Sources of Therapeutic Agents: Their Ethnopharmacological Uses, Chemical Composition, and Biological Activities

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom10020181 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 181 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ari Satia Nugraha ◽

Bawon Triatmoko ◽

Phurpa Wangchuk ◽

Paul A. Keller

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Anticancer Agents ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Therapeutic Agents ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Extensive Review ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Medicinal Uses ◽

Lead Compounds ◽

Drug Lead

This is an extensive review on epiphytic plants that have been used traditionally as medicines. It provides information on 185 epiphytes and their traditional medicinal uses, regions where Indigenous people use the plants, parts of the plants used as medicines and their preparation, and their reported phytochemical properties and pharmacological properties aligned with their traditional uses. These epiphytic medicinal plants are able to produce a range of secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, and a total of 842 phytochemicals have been identified to date. As many as 71 epiphytic medicinal plants were studied for their biological activities, showing promising pharmacological activities, including as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer agents. There are several species that were not investigated for their activities and are worthy of exploration. These epipythes have the potential to furnish drug lead compounds, especially for treating cancers, and thus warrant indepth investigations.

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Pharmacologically potentials of different substituted coumarin derivatives

10.31221/osf.io/w6hdg ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chem Int

Keyword(s):

Benzene Ring ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Coumarin Derivatives ◽

Wide Range ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Coumarin Compounds

Coumarin and its derivatives are widely spread in nature. Coumarin goes to agroup as benzopyrones, which consists of a benzene ring connected to a pyronemoiety. Coumarins displayed a broad range of pharmacologically useful profile.Coumarins are considered as a promising group of bioactive compounds thatexhibited a wide range of biological activities like anti-microbial, anti-viral,antiparasitic, anti-helmintic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anticancer,anti-oxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-convulsant, and antihypertensiveactivities etc. The coumarin compounds have immense interest due to theirdiverse pharmacological properties. In particular, these biological activities makecoumarin compounds more attractive and testing as novel therapeuticcompounds.

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Biologically Active 2,5-Disubstituted-1,3,4-Oxadiazoles

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2009.2.1.2 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 390-406

Author(s):

Harish Rajak ◽

Murli Dhar Kharya ◽

Pradeep Mishra

Keyword(s):

Heterocyclic Compounds ◽

Medical Literature ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Synthetic Drugs ◽

Physiologic Activity ◽

Pharmacologically Active

There are vast numbers of pharmacologically active heterocyclic compounds in regular clinical use. The presence of heterocyclic structures in diverse types of compounds is strongly indicative of the profound effects such structure exerts on physiologic activity, and recognition of this is abundantly reflected in efforts to find useful synthetic drugs. The 1,3,4-oxadiazole nucleus has emerged as one of the potential pharmacophore responsible for diverse pharmacological properties. Medical Literature is flooded with reports of a variety of biological activities of 2,5-Disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles. The present work is an attempt to summarize and enlist the various reports published on biologically active 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles.

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