scholarly journals Aluminum Stress Induces Irreversible Proteomic Changes in the Roots of the Sensitive but Not the Tolerant Genotype of Triticale Seedlings

Plants ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Niedziela ◽  
Lucyna Domżalska ◽  
Wioletta M. Dynkowska ◽  
Markéta Pernisová ◽  
Krystyna Rybka
Keyword(s):  
Protein Separation ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Aluminum Stress ◽  
Seedling Root ◽  
Root Regrowth ◽  
Aluminum Ions ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Root Apices ◽  
Dimensional Electrophoresis ◽  
Tolerant Genotype

Triticale is a wheat–rye hybrid with a higher abiotic stress tolerance than wheat and is better adapted for cultivation in light-type soils, where aluminum ions are present as Al-complexes that are harmful to plants. The roots are the first plant organs to contact these ions and the inhibition of root growth is one of the first plant reactions. The proteomes of the root apices in Al-tolerant and -sensitive plants were investigated to compare their regeneration effects following stress. The materials used in this study consisted of seedlings of three triticale lines differing in Al3+ tolerance, first subjected to aluminum ion stress and then recovered. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) was used for seedling root protein separation followed by differential spot analysis using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS/MS). The plants’ tolerance to the stress was evaluated based on biometric screening of seedling root regrowth upon regeneration. Our results suggest that the Al-tolerant genotype can recover, without differentiation of proteome profiles, after stress relief, contrary to Al-sensitive genotypes that maintain the proteome modifications caused by unfavorable environments.

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Sugarcane Response to Aluminum Stress by RNA-Seq

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7934
Author(s):  
Thiago Mateus Rosa-Santos ◽  
Renan Gonçalves da Silva ◽  
Poornasree Kumar ◽  
Pratibha Kottapalli ◽  
Chiquito Crasto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Transcriptome Assembly ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Aluminum Tolerance ◽  
Aluminum Stress ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Aluminum Ions ◽  
Detoxification Mechanism ◽  
Genomic Studies

Some metals are beneficial to plants and contribute to critical physiological processes. Some metals, however, are not. The presence of aluminum ions (Al3+) can be very toxic, especially in acidic soils. Considerable parts of the world’s arable land are acidic in nature; mechanistically elucidating a plant’s response to aluminum stress is critical to mitigating this stress and improving the quality of plants. To identify the genes involved in sugarcane response to aluminum stress, we generated 372 million paired-end RNA sequencing reads from the roots of CTC-2 and RB855453, which are two contrasting cultivars. Data normalization resulted in 162,161 contigs (contiguous sequences) and 97,335 genes from a de novo transcriptome assembly (trinity genes). A total of 4858 and 1307 differently expressed genes (DEGs) for treatment versus control were identified for the CTC-2 and RB855453 cultivars, respectively. The DEGs were annotated into 34 functional categories. The majority of the genes were upregulated in the CTC-2 (tolerant cultivar) and downregulated in RB855453 (sensitive cultivar). Here, we present the first root transcriptome of sugarcane under aluminum stress. The results and conclusions of this study are a crucial launch pad for future genetic and genomic studies of sugarcane. The transcriptome analysis shows that sugarcane tolerance to aluminum may be explained by an efficient detoxification mechanism combined with lateral root formation and activation of redox enzymes. We also present a hypothetical model for aluminum tolerance in the CTC-2 cultivar.

Transcriptomic responses to aluminum stress in soybean roots

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 923-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangfeng You ◽  
Hongmei Zhang ◽  
Ning Liu ◽  
Lingling Gao ◽  
Lingnan Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Aluminum Stress ◽  
Resistant Genotype ◽  
Citrate Transporter ◽  
Family Gene ◽  
Soybean Roots ◽  
Genome Array ◽  
Root Apices ◽  
Lignin Deposition

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is the primary limitation to crop production and plant growth in acid soils. Soybean has multiple mechanisms of Al resistance including the complexing and exclusion of Al in root apices by Al-induced citrate secretion. Microarray analysis is available for the identification of genes in soybean. In the present study, Affymetrix soybean genome array was used to identify the Al-induced differentially expressed genes in Al-resistant genotype Jiyu 70. With a cutoff of >2.0-fold (p < 0.05) between non Al-treated and Al-treated root apices, 561 genes were upregulated and 78 genes were downregulated when roots were exposed to 30 µmol/L AlCl3 for 4 h. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to test the microarray data. The analysis showed that nearly half of the Al-responsive genes were of unknown biological function. A higher proportion of genes related to transcription regulation and cell wall processes were observed in Al-induced up- and downregulated genes, respectively. Some genes homologous to the citrate transporter MATE family gene or C2H2 family transcription factor gene, STOP1, were detected in our analysis. Some genes related to lignin deposition were upregulated, which might be related to Al-induced root elongation inhibition.

scholarly journals Study of production 500 kg/batch polyaluminum chloride from aluminum hydrate

2021 ◽  
Vol 882 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
H E Mamby ◽  
K N Hidayat ◽  
A Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Hydrated Alumina ◽  
Polyaluminum Chloride ◽  
Aluminum Ions ◽  
Materials Used

Abstract Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) is commonly used as a chemical in the water treatment industry, deodorant and paper-making. The PAC is a complex inorganic substance between hydroxyl and aluminum ions that gradually takes place chlorination with its general formula of Alx(OH)yCl3x-y. It has the ability to coagulate suspended solid or dispersed colloid within water perform easily precipitated flock. The raw materials used for manufacturing liquid PAC consists of hydrated alumina (Al(OH)3), hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3). A pilot-scale experiment with a capacity of 500 kg/batch feed was conducted by reacting Al(OH)3 with HCl and H2SO4, then neutralized using CaCO3 to obtain liquid PAC and gypsum as a by-product. The variation of acid concentration as reactant and reaction time were conducted to determine its effect on the composition of PAC and the amount of gypsum produced. The optimum experiment produced liquid PAC with the highest Al2O3 composition of 11.96% and the lowest Cl− ion of 10.87% at 2 hours reaction time with a total acid concentration of 37.74%.

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Sugarcane Response to Aluminum Stress by RNA-Seq

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Mateus Rosa-Santos ◽  
Renan Gonçalves da Silva ◽  
Poornasree Kumar ◽  
Pratibha Kottapalli ◽  
Chiquito Crasto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Aluminum Tolerance ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Aluminum Stress ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Aluminum Ions ◽  
Detoxification Mechanism ◽  
Genomic Studies

Sugarcane is an important sugar-source crop. As any other plant, it can be exposed to several abiotic stress conditions. Though some metals contribute to critical physiological processes in plants, the presence of aluminum ions (Al3+) can be very toxic. In order to develop plants that flourish in acidic soils, it is critical to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms of sugarcane response to aluminum stress. To determine the genes involved in sugarcane response to aluminum stress we generated 372 million paired-end RNA sequencing reads, from roots of CTC-2 and RB855453 two contrasting cultivars. Data normalization resulted in 162,161 contigs and 97,335 trinity genes. After the read cutoff, the differentially expressed genes were 4,858 in CTC-2 and 1,307 in the RB855453, Treatment Vs Control, respectively. The differentially expressed genes were annotated into 34 functional categories. The majority of the genes were upregulated in the CTC-2 (tolerant cultivar) and down regulated in RB855453 (sensitive cultivar). Here, we present the first root-transcriptome of sugarcane under aluminum stress. The results and conclusions of this study provide a valuable resource for future genetic and genomic studies in sugarcane. This transcriptome analysis points out that sugarcane tolerance to aluminum may be explained by an efficient detoxification mechanism combined with the lateral root formation and activation of redox enzymes. Following our results, we present here, a hypothetical model for the aluminum tolerance in CTC-2 cultivar.

scholarly journals Adaptation of two-dimensional electrophoresis for muscle tissue analysis

10.5219/1380 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 595-601
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Akhremko ◽  
Ekaterina Romanovna Vasilevskaya ◽  
Liliya Fedulova
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Protein Separation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Bromophenol Blue ◽  
Tissue Analysis ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional Electrophoresis ◽  
Bottom Chamber ◽  
Dimensional Electrophoresis

It is important to understand the molecular mechanisms that take place in muscle tissues and to predict meat quality characteristics. One of the most popular methods is two-dimensional electrophoresis, which allows us to visualize, share and identify different molecules, including meat proteins. However, the standard conditions of this method are not universal for all types of raw material, so the authors suggest a new variation of two-dimensional electrophoresis for muscle tissue analysis. Samples were tested by the classical version of isoelectric focusing (cathode buffer in the top and anode buffer in the bottom chamber of the electrophoresis cell) and its variation (anode buffer in the top and cathode buffer in the bottom chamber of the electrophoresis cell). Next, extruded gels were incubated in two different buffer systems: the first was equilibration buffer I (6 M urea, 20% w/v glycerol, 2% w/v SDS and 1% w/v Ditiothreitol in 375 mM Tris-HCl buffer, pH 8.8) followed by equilibration buffer II (6 M urea, 20% w/v glycerol, 2% w/v SDS and 4% w/v iodoacetamide in 375 mM Tris-HCl buffer pH 8.8 and the second, buffer А, consisting of 5 M urea, 2% w/v SDS, 5% v/v mercaptoethanol, 62.5 mM Tris-HCl buffer, pH 6.8 and 0.01% w/v bromophenol blue. Electrophoretic studies of muscle tissue revealed the best protein separation after changing the direction of the current (authors' variation), while no differences were detected after changing incubation buffers.

scholarly journals Microtranscriptome of contrasting sugarcane cultivars in response to aluminum stress

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan Gonçalves Silva ◽  
Thiago Mateus-Rosa ◽  
Suzelei de Castro França ◽  
Pratibha Kottapalli ◽  
Kameswara Rao Kottapalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Aluminum Stress ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Aluminum Ions ◽  
Differentially Expressed Mirnas

AbstractAlthough metallic elements are required for plant growth, aluminum ions (Al+3) can be considered one of the major abiotic factors affecting productivity. In plants, the presence of Al+3 can result in inhibition of root growth triggering water and nutrient deficiency. Plants under stress conditions undergo gene expression changes in specific genes or post-transcriptional gene regulators as miRNAs that can led to resistance. In this study, we investigated the miRNAs involved in the sugarcane response to aluminum stress. Four miRNA libraries were generated using sugarcane roots of two contrasting (tolerant and sensitive) sugarcane cultivars growing under aluminum stress to identify the miRNAs involved in the sugarcane response. Here we present the first miRNAs sequencing of sugarcane response under aluminum stress. The contrast of the cultivars seen in the field was reflected in the micro transcriptome with opposing expression profile. We selected 394 differentially expressed miRNAs, in both cultivars, 22% were common between cultivars. Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to validate the differentially expressed miRNAs through high-throughput sequencing in sugarcane roots. Target genes prediction was also analyzed. Our results indicated miRNAs that modulated specific target genes involved in roots development and plant aluminum stress response. Those genes can be the answer to tolerance in sugarcane and used in breeding programs to develop tolerant cultivars.

scholarly journals Sulfur Dioxide Enhances Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Accumulation and Alleviates Oxidative Stress Induced by Aluminum Stress in Germinating Wheat Seeds

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Bo Zhu ◽  
Kang-Di Hu ◽  
Xi-Kai Guo ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Lan-Ying Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Aluminum Stress ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Al Stress ◽  
Aluminum Ions ◽  
Donor Pretreatment

Aluminum ions are especially toxic to plants in acidic soils. Here we present evidences that SO2protects germinating wheat grains against aluminum stress. SO2donor (NaHSO3/Na2SO3) pretreatment at 1.2 mM reduced the accumulation of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde, enhanced the activities of guaiacol peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase, and decreased the activity of lipoxygenase in germinating wheat grains exposed to Al stress. We also observed higher accumulation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in SO2-pretreated grain, suggesting the tight relation between sulfite and sulfide. Wheat grains geminated in water for 36 h were pretreated with or without 1 mM SO2donor for 12 h prior to exposure to Al stress for 48 h and the ameliorating effects of SO2on wheat radicles were studied. SO2donor pretreatment reduced the content of reactive oxygen species, protected membrane integrity, and reduced Al accumulation in wheat radicles. Gene expression analysis showed that SO2donor pretreatment decreased the expression of Al-responsive genes TaWali1, TaWali2, TaWali3, TaWali5, TaWali6, and TaALMT1 in radicles exposed to Al stress. These results suggested that SO2could increase endogenous H2S accumulation and the antioxidant capability and decrease endogenous Al content in wheat grains to alleviate Al stress.

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