scholarly journals Role of Sulfate Transporters in Chromium Tolerance in Scenedesmus acutus M. (Sphaeropleales)

Plants ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Michele Ferrari ◽  
Radiana Cozza ◽  
Matteo Marieschi ◽  
Anna Torelli

Sulfur (S) is essential for the synthesis of important defense compounds and in the scavenging potential of oxidative stress, conferring increased capacity to cope with biotic and abiotic stresses. Chromate can induce a sort of S-starvation by competing for uptake with SO42− and causing a depletion of cellular reduced compounds, thus emphasizing the role of S-transporters in heavy-metal tolerance. In this work we analyzed the sulfate transporter system in the freshwater green algae Scenedesmus acutus, that proved to possess both H+/SO42− (SULTRs) and Na+/SO42− (SLTs) plasma membrane sulfate transporters and a chloroplast-envelope localized ABC-type holocomplex. We discuss the sulfate uptake system of S. acutus in comparison with other taxa, enlightening differences among the clade Sphaeropleales and Volvocales/Chlamydomonadales. To define the role of S transporters in chromium tolerance, we analyzed the expression of SULTRs and SULPs components of the chloroplast ABC transporter in two strains of S. acutus with different Cr(VI) sensitivity. Their differential expression in response to Cr(VI) exposure and S availability seems directly linked to Cr(VI) tolerance, confirming the role of sulfate uptake/assimilation pathways in the metal stress response. The SULTRs up-regulation, observed in both strains after S-starvation, may directly contribute to enhancing Cr-tolerance by limiting Cr(VI) uptake and increasing sulfur availability for the synthesis of sulfur-containing defense molecules.

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samiksha Singh ◽  
Parul Parihar ◽  
Rachana Singh ◽  
Vijay P. Singh ◽  
Sheo M. Prasad

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javaid Akhter Bhat ◽  
S. M. Shivaraj ◽  
Pritam Singh ◽  
Devanna B. Navadagi ◽  
Durgesh Kumar Tripathi ◽  
...  

Over the past few decades, heavy metal contamination in soil and water has increased due to anthropogenic activities. The higher exposure of crop plants to heavy metal stress reduces growth and yield, and affect the sustainability of agricultural production. In this regard, the use of silicon (Si) supplementation offers a promising prospect since numerous studies have reported the beneficial role of Si in mitigating stresses imposed by biotic as well as abiotic factors including heavy metal stress. The fundamental mechanisms involved in the Si-mediated heavy metal stress tolerance include reduction of metal ions in soil substrate, co-precipitation of toxic metals, metal-transport related gene regulation, chelation, stimulation of antioxidants, compartmentation of metal ions, and structural alterations in plants. Exogenous application of Si has been well documented to increase heavy metal tolerance in numerous plant species. The beneficial effects of Si are particularly evident in plants able to accumulate high levels of Si. Consequently, to enhance metal tolerance in plants, the inherent genetic potential for Si uptake should be improved. In the present review, we have discussed the potential role and mechanisms involved in the Si-mediated alleviation of metal toxicity as well as different approaches for enhancing Si-derived benefits in crop plants.


1987 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Nishizono ◽  
H. Ichikawa ◽  
S. Suziki ◽  
F. Ishii

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Xie ◽  
Shijuan Han ◽  
Xiaoning Li ◽  
Erick Amombo ◽  
Jinmin Fu

There is considerable evidence that plant abiotic-stress tolerance can be evoked by the exploitation of a globally abundant microbe. A. aculeatus, which was initially isolated from the rhizosphere of bermudagrass, has been shown to increase heavy metal tolerance in turfgrasses. Here, we report on the potential of A. aculeatus to induce tolerance to salt stress in bermudagrass. Physiological markers for salt stress, such as plant growth rate, lipid peroxidation, photosynthesis, and ionic homeostasis were assessed. Results indicated that strain A. aculeatus produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and siderophores and exhibited a greater capacity for Na+ absorption under salt stress. The plant inoculation by A. aculeatus increased plant growth and attenuated the NaCl-induced lipid peroxidation in roots and leaves of bermudagrass. The fungus significantly elevated the amount of IAA and glutathione and slightly enhanced photosynthetic efficiency of salt-treated bermudagrass. Tissues of inoculated plants had significantly increased concentrations of K+ but lower Na+ concentrations than those of uninoculated regimes. It appears that the role of A. aculeatus in alleviating bermudagrass salt stress is partly to produce IAA, to increase the activity of antioxidases, to absorb Na+ by fungal hyphae, and to prevent the plant from ionic homeostasis disruption.


2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Osmolovskaya ◽  
◽  
Dung Viet Vu ◽  
Ludmila Kuchaeva ◽  
◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishal Khatiwada ◽  
Mafruha T. Hasan ◽  
Angela Sun ◽  
Karthik Shantharam Kamath ◽  
Mehdi Mirzaei ◽  
...  

The E. gracilis Zm-strain lacking chloroplasts, characterized in this study, was compared with the earlier assessed wild type Z-strain to explore the role of chloroplasts in heavy metal accumulation and tolerance. Comparison of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values indicated that both strains tolerated similar concentrations of mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb), but cadmium (Cd) tolerance of the Z-strain was twice that of the Zm-strain. The ability of the Zm-strain to accumulate Hg was higher compared to the Z-strain, indicating the existence of a Hg transportation and accumulation mechanism not depending on the presence of chloroplasts. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed maximum accumulation of Hg in the cytosol of the Zm-strain and highest accumulation of Cd in the chloroplasts of the Z-strain indicating a difference in the ability of the two strains to deposit heavy metals in the cell. The highly abundant heavy metal transporter MTP2 in the Z-strain may have a role in Cd transportation to the chloroplasts. A multidrug resistance-associated protein highly increased in abundance in the Zm-strain could be a potential Hg transporter to either cytosol or mitochondria. Overall, the chloroplasts appear to have major role in the tolerance and accumulation of Cd in E. gracilis.


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