scholarly journals Plasma Co-Polymerization of HMDSO and Limonene with an Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet

Plasma ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-59
Author(s):  
Gerrit Wulf ◽  
Bernd Mayer ◽  
Uwe Lommatzsch

Plasma co-polymers (co-p) were deposited with an atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) using a precursor mixture containing hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) and limonene. A coating with fragments from both precursors and with siloxane, carbonyl and nitrogen functional groups was deposited. The flow rate of limonene was found to be an important parameter for plasma co-polymerization to tune the formation and structure of the functional groups. The FTIR and XPS analysis indicates that with increasing flow rate of limonene a higher proportion of carbon is bound to silicon. This is related to a stronger incorporation of fragments from limonene into the siloxane network and a weaker fragmentation of HMDSO. The formation mechanism of the nitroxide and carboxyl groups can be mainly differentiated into in-plasma and post-plasma reactions, respectively.

Plasma ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bolouki ◽  
Hsieh ◽  
Li ◽  
Yang

A helium-based atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) with various flow rates of argon gas as a variable working gas was characterized by utilizing optical emission spectroscopy (OES) alongside the plasma jet. The spectroscopic characterization was performed through plasma exposure in direct and indirect interaction with and without de-ionized (DI) water. The electron density and electron temperature, which were estimated by Stark broadening of atomic hydrogen (486.1 nm) and the Boltzmann plot, were investigated as a function of the flow rate of argon gas. The spectra obtained by OES indicate that the hydroxyl concentrations reached a maximum value in the case of direct interaction with DI water as well as upstream of the plasma jet for all cases. The relative intensities of hydroxyl were optimized by changing the flow rate of argon gas.


Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2435
Author(s):  
Alenka Vesel ◽  
Gregor Primc

Localized functionalization of polymer surface with an atmospheric-pressure plasma jet was investigated at various treatment conditions. Polystyrene samples were treated with the plasma jet sustained in argon under direct or remote conditions. The two-dimensional evolution of surface wettability and the spot size of the treated area was determined systematically by measuring apparent water contact angles. Modification of surface chemistry and the formation of functional groups were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The saturation of surface wettability and functional groups was observed even after a second of treatment providing the sample was placed close to the exhaust of the discharge tube. The spot diameter of the modified area increased logarithmically with increasing treatment time. However, it decreased linearly when increasing the distance. At the edge of the glowing plasma, however, the modification of surface properties was more gradual, so even 30 s of treatment caused marginal effects. With a further increase in the distance from the edge of the glowing plasma, however, there were no further treatment effects. The results are explained by significant axial as well as radial gradients of reactive species, in particular hydroxyl radicals.


Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 683
Author(s):  
Huiliang Jin ◽  
Caixue Tang ◽  
Haibo Li ◽  
Yuanhang Zhang ◽  
Yaguo Li

The continuous phase plate (CPP) is the vital diffractive optical element involved in laser beam shaping and smoothing in high-power laser systems. The high gradients, small spatial periods, and complex features make it difficult to achieve high accuracy when manufacturing such systems. A high-accuracy and high-efficiency surface topography manufacturing method for CPP is presented in this paper. The atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) system is presented and the removal characteristics are studied to obtain the optimal processing parameters. An optimized iterative algorithm based on the dwell point matrix and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) is proposed to improve the accuracy and efficiency in the dwell time calculation process. A 120 mm × 120 mm CPP surface topography with a 1326.2 nm peak-to-valley (PV) value is fabricated with four iteration steps after approximately 1.6 h of plasma processing. The residual figure error between the prescribed surface topography and plasma-processed surface topography is 28.08 nm root mean square (RMS). The far-field distribution characteristic of the plasma-fabricated surface is analyzed, for which the energy radius deviation is 11 μm at 90% encircled energy. The experimental results demonstrates the potential of the APPJ approach for the manufacturing of complex surface topographies.


2019 ◽  
Vol 675 ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mokter Hossain ◽  
Quang Hung Trinh ◽  
Duc Ba Nguyen ◽  
M.S.P. Sudhakaran ◽  
Young Sun Mok

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