scholarly journals Effect of Interpenetrating Polymer Network (IPN) Thermoplastic Resin on Flexural Strength of Fibre-Reinforced Composite and the Penetration of Bonding Resin into Semi-IPN FRC Post

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3200
Author(s):  
Minori Hatta ◽  
Akikazu Shinya ◽  
Harunori Gomi ◽  
Pekka K. Vallittu ◽  
Eija Säilynoja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
Fibre Reinforcement ◽  
Thermoplastic Resin ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Polymer Resin ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Impregnation Time

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) thermoplastic resin on the flexural strength of fibre-reinforced composite (FRC) with different IPN polymer compositions. The penetration of bonding resin into semi-IPN FRC posts was also evaluated. The IPN thermoplastic resin used was UDMA-MMA monomer with either PMMA (0.5%, 2%, 5%) or PMMA-copolymer (0.5%, 2%). A no added IPN polymer resin was also made. Mixed resin was impregnated to S- and E-glass fibre rovings. These resins and resin impregnated fibres were used for flexural strength (FS) test. To evaluate the penetration of bonding resin into semi-IPN post, SEM observation was done with various impregnation time and polymerization mehods (hand-light- and oven-cure). The result of FS was recorded from 111.7 MPa (no-IPN polymer/no-fibre-reinforcement) to 543.0 MPa (5% PMMA/S-glass FRC). ANOVA showed that there were significant differences between fibre-reinforcement and no-fibre-reinforcement (p < 0.01) both in S- and E-glass fibre groups, and between 0.5% PMMA and 5% PMMA in the S-glass FRC group. SEM micrographs showed that the penetration layers of bonding resin into hand-light cured semi-IPN posts were different according to impregnation time. Fibre reinforcement is effective to improve flexural strength. The depth of penetration layer of bonding resin into semi-IPN matrix resin was improved when a hand-light cure was used.

The effect of ethanol on surface of semi-interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) polymer matrix of glass-fibre reinforced composite

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santhosh Basavarajappa ◽  
Leila Perea-Lowery ◽  
Sultan Aati ◽  
Abdul Aziz Abdullah Al-Kheraif ◽  
Ravikumar Ramakrishnaiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Glass Fibre Reinforced

scholarly journals Interfacial Adhesion of a Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network-Based Fiber-Reinforced Composite with a High and Low-Gradient Poly(methyl methacrylate) Resin Surface

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Aftab Ahmed Khan ◽  
Leila Perea-Lowery ◽  
Abdulaziz Abdullah Al-Khureif ◽  
Nawaf Abdulrahman AlMufareh ◽  
ElZahraa Eldwakhly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Dependent Relationship ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Luting Cement ◽  
Reinforcing Fiber

The research aimed to determine the tensile bond strength (TBS) between polymerized intact and ground fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) surfaces. FRC prepregs (a reinforcing fiber pre-impregnated with a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) resin system; everStick C&B) were divided into two groups: intact FRCs (with a highly PMMA-enriched surface) and ground FRCs (with a low PMMA gradient). Each FRC group was treated with: StickRESIN and G-Multi PRIMER. These groups were further divided into four subgroups based on the application time of the treatment agents: 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 min. Next, a resin luting cement was applied to the FRC substrates on the top of the photo-polymerized treating agent. Thereafter, weight loss, surface microhardness, and TBS were evaluated. Three-factor analysis of variance (p ≤ 0.05) revealed significant differences in the TBS among the FRC groups. The highest TBS was recorded for the intact FRC surface treated with G-Multi PRIMER for 2 min (13.0 ± 1.2 MPa). The monomers and solvents of G-Multi PRIMER showed a time-dependent relationship between treatment time and TBS. They could diffuse into the FRC surface that has a higher PMMA gradient, further resulting in a high TBS between the FRC and resin luting cement.

scholarly journals Effects of Fiber-reinforced Composite Bases on Microleakage of Composite Restorations in Proximal Locations

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tezvergil-Mutluay A ◽  
Vallittu P.K
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Layer ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Particulate Filler ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the microleakage of direct restorative composite resin upon the addition of an intermediate glass fiber-reinforced composite (GFRC) layer of various fiber orientations between tooth and particulate filler composite resin (PFRC). Materials and Methods: Cavities were prepared both on the mesial and distal surfaces of sixty extracted human molars with one margin placed below and the other above the cementoenamel junction (CEJ). Teeth were assigned to five different groups. Four of the groups received a layer of semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) resin system impregnated E-glass GFRC at the bottom of the cavity: Group 1; unidirectional continuous GFRC (EVS) in buccolingual direction (EVS-BL), Group 2; EVS in mesiodistal direction (EVS-MD), Group 3; bidirectional woven GFRC (EVN), Group 4; multidirectional short GFRC (EXP-MLT), Group 5; PRFC only (control). After acid etching and priming of the cavities and insertion of GFRC layer with the adhesive resin (Scotchbond Multipurpose 3M-ESPE), the cavities were filled incrementally with PRFC (Filtek Z250, 3M-ESPE) and each layer was light cured for 20 s. After finishing and polishing, the restored teeth were water-stored for 24 h at 37 °C and then thermocycled for 6000 cycles between 5-55 °C, before immersion in 0.5 % basic fuchsin dye for 24 h. After sectioning by 3-5 sagittal cuts, each sequential section was imaged and digitally analyzed to determine the stain depth. Results: All GFRC groups in dentin revealed significantly lower microleakage compared to control (p<0.05). The orientation of FRC intermediate layer did not reveal significant differences in microleakage (p>0.05). The microleakeage in enamel was not different between the groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Use of intermediate GFRC layer between tooth and PFRC could provide alternative method to minimize microleakage. Clinical Relevance: Use of GFRC intermediate layer underneath the particulate filler composite can be used to minimize the leakeage of the restorations.

scholarly journals The Influence of Natural and Synthetic Fibre Reinforcement on Wood-Gypsum Composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 350-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodríguez-Liñán Carmen ◽  
Morales-Conde María J. ◽  
Rubio-De-Hita P. ◽  
Pérez-Gálvez F. ◽  
Pedreño-Rojas Manuel A.
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Synthetic Fibre ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Fibre Reinforcement ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Wood Shavings ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

Objective: This paper studies the influence of natural and synthetic fibres on the mechanical behaviour of recycled wood-gypsum composites. These composites of wood waste, such as wood shavings and sawdust, were tested using different proportions of each type of recycled wood. The fibres used, straw as a natural fibre and glass fibre as a synthetic fibre, were analysed in two different proportions. Method: The experimental procedure was based on the analysis of the physical properties, density and mechanical properties, flexural strength and compression of the reinforced mixtures. Water absorption by capillarity and the thermal behaviour of the new wood-gypsum materials were also studied. Results and Conclusion: The results show that the use of both types of fibres in the mixtures produces lighter composites, and reinforcement by glass fibre represents a significant increase in their flexural strength.

Short Glass Fiber-reinforced Composite with a Semi-interpenetrating Polymer Network Matrix for Temporary Crowns and Bridges

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sufyan Garoushi ◽  
Pekka K. Vallittu ◽  
Lippo V. J. Lassila
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Short Glass Fiber ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Short Glass

Abstract Aims The purpose of this study was to investigate the reinforcement effect of short E-glass fiber fillers on some mechanical properties of temporary crown and bridge (TCB) composite resin with a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN). Methods and Materials Experimental temporary fiber reinforced (TFC) composite resin was prepared by mixing 15 wt% of short E-glass fibers (3 mm in length) with a 35 wt% of semi-IPN-resin (dual or chemical cure) with 50 wt% of silane treated particulate silica fillers using a high speed mixing device. Temporary crowns (n=6) and test specimens (2 × 2 × 25 mm3) (n=6) were made from the experimental TFC and conventional TCB composite (control, Protemp Garant, 3M-ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA). A three-point bending test was done according to ISO standard 10477, and a compression loading test was carried out using a steel ball (Ø 3.0 mm) with a speed of 1.0 mm/min until fracture occurred. The degree of monomer conversion (DC%) of both composites was determined by Fourier transfer infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. Results The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed both dual and chemical cure experimental TFC composite resins had statistically significant (p<0.05) higher flexural strengths (117 and 99 MPa, respectively) and compressive load-bearing capacity (730 and 623 N, respectively) compared to the control TCB composite resin (72 MPa, 549 N). Conclusion The use of short fiber fillers with semi-IPN polymer matrix yielded an improved mechanical performance compared to a conventional TCB composite resin. Citation Garoushi S, Vallittu PK, Lassila LVJ. Short Glass Fiber-reinforced Composite with a Semi-interpenetrating Polymer Network Matrix for Temporary Crowns and Bridges. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 January; (9)1:014-021.

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