scholarly journals Onco-Receptors Targeting in Lung Cancer via Application of Surface-Modified and Hybrid Nanoparticles: A Cross-Disciplinary Review

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 621
Author(s):  
Fakhara Sabir ◽  
Maimoona Qindeel ◽  
Mahira Zeeshan ◽  
Qurrat Ul Ain ◽  
Abbas Rahdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Folate Receptor ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hybrid Nanoparticles ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Surface Modified

Lung cancer is among the most prevalent and leading causes of death worldwide. The major reason for high mortality is the late diagnosis of the disease, and in most cases, lung cancer is diagnosed at fourth stage in which the cancer has metastasized to almost all vital organs. The other reason for higher mortality is the uptake of the chemotherapeutic agents by the healthy cells, which in turn increases the chances of cytotoxicity to the healthy body cells. The complex pathophysiology of lung cancer provides various pathways to target the cancerous cells. In this regard, upregulated onco-receptors on the cell surface of tumor including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), integrins, transferrin receptor (TFR), folate receptor (FR), cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) receptor, etc. could be exploited for the inhibition of pathways and tumor-specific drug targeting. Further, cancer borne immunological targets like T-lymphocytes, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and dendritic cells could serve as a target site to modulate tumor activity through targeting various surface-expressed receptors or interfering with immune cell-specific pathways. Hence, novel approaches are required for both the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancers. In this context, several researchers have employed various targeted delivery approaches to overcome the problems allied with the conventional diagnosis of and therapy methods used against lung cancer. Nanoparticles are cell nonspecific in biological systems, and may cause unwanted deleterious effects in the body. Therefore, nanodrug delivery systems (NDDSs) need further advancement to overcome the problem of toxicity in the treatment of lung cancer. Moreover, the route of nanomedicines’ delivery to lungs plays a vital role in localizing the drug concentration to target the lung cancer. Surface-modified nanoparticles and hybrid nanoparticles have a wide range of applications in the field of theranostics. This cross-disciplinary review summarizes the current knowledge of the pathways implicated in the different classes of lung cancer with an emphasis on the clinical implications of the increasing number of actionable molecular targets. Furthermore, it focuses specifically on the significance and emerging role of surface functionalized and hybrid nanomaterials as drug delivery systems through citing recent examples targeted at lung cancer treatment.

Current Developments in Targeted Drug Delivery Systems for Glioma

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (32) ◽  
pp. 3973-3984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhrumi Patel ◽  
Sarika Wairkar ◽  
Mayur C. Yergeri
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hybrid Nanoparticles ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Targeted Drug

Background: Glioma is one of the most commonly observed tumours, representing about 75% of brain tumours in the adult population. Generally, glioma treatment includes surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The current chemotherapy for glioma involves the use of temozolomide, doxorubicin, monoclonal antibodies, etc. however, the clinical outcomes in patients are not satisfactory. Primarily, the blood-brain barrier hinders these drugs from reaching the target leading to the recurrence of glioma post-surgery. In addition, these drugs are not target-specific and affect the healthy cells of the body. Therefore, glioma-targeted drug delivery is essential to reduce the rate of recurrence and treat the condition with more reliable alternatives. Methods: A literature search was conducted to understand glioma pathophysiology, its current therapeutic approaches for targeted delivery using databases like Pub Med, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar, etc. Results: This review gives an insight to challenges associated with current treatments, factors influencing drug delivery in glioma, and recent advancements in targeted drug delivery. Conclusion: The promising results could be seen with nanotechnology-based approaches, like polymeric, lipidbased, and hybrid nanoparticles in the treatment of glioma. Biotechnological developments, such as carrier peptides and gene therapy, are future prospects in glioma therapy. Therefore, these targeted delivery systems will be beneficial in clinical practices for glioma treatment.

Improved Therapeutic Efficacy of Topotecan Against A549 Lung Cancer Cells with Folate-targeted Topotecan Liposomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 902-909
Author(s):  
Jingxin Zhang ◽  
Weiyue Shi ◽  
Gangqiang Xue ◽  
Qiang Ma ◽  
Haixin Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Lung Tumor ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Lung Cancer Cells

Background: Among all cancers, lung cancer has high mortality among patients in most of the countries in the world. Targeted delivery of anticancer drugs can significantly reduce the side effects and dramatically improve the effects of the treatment. Folate, a suitable ligand, can be modified to the surface of tumor-selective drug delivery systems because it can selectively bind to the folate receptor, which is highly expressed on the surface of lung tumor cells. Objective: This study aimed to construct a kind of folate-targeted topotecan liposomes for investigating their efficacy and mechanism of action in the treatment of lung cancer in preclinical models. Methods: We conjugated topotecan liposomes with folate, and the liposomes were characterized by particle size, entrapment efficiency, cytotoxicity to A549 cells and in vitro release profile. Technical evaluations were performed on lung cancer A549 cells and xenografted A549 cancer cells in female nude mice, and the pharmacokinetics of the drug were evaluated in female SD rats. Results: The folate-targeted topotecan liposomes were proven to show effectiveness in targeting lung tumors. The anti-tumor effects of these liposomes were demonstrated by the decreased tumor volume and improved therapeutic efficacy. The folate-targeted topotecan liposomes also lengthened the topotecan blood circulation time. Conclusion: The folate-targeted topotecan liposomes are effective drug delivery systems and can be easily modified with folate, enabling the targeted liposomes to deliver topotecan to lung cancer cells and kill them, which could be used as potential carriers for lung chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Aptamer-modified polymer nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Modrejewski ◽  
Johanna-Gabriela Walter ◽  
Imme Kretschmer ◽  
Evren Kemal ◽  
Mark Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lung Cancer Cells ◽  
Targeted Drug

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to develop a model system for targeted drug delivery. This system should enable targeted drug release at a certain tissue in the body. In conventional drug delivery systems, drugs are often delivered unspecifically resulting in unwarranted adverse effects. To circumvent this problem, there is an increasing demand for the development of intelligent drug delivery systems allowing a tissue-specific mode of delivery. Within this study, nanoparticles consisting of two biocompatible polymers are used. Because of their small size, nanoparticles are well-suited for effective drug delivery. The small size affects their movement through cell and tissue barriers. Their cellular uptake is easier when compared to larger drug delivery systems. Paclitaxel was encapsulated into the nanoparticles as a model drug, and to achieve specific targeting an aptamer directed against lung cancer cells was coupled to the nanoparticles surface. Nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nanotracking analysis (NTA). Also their surface charge was characterized from ζ-potential measurements. Their preparation was optimized and subsequently specificity of drug-loaded and aptamer-functionalized nanoparticles was investigated using lung cancer cells.

scholarly journals Liposomal drug delivery system as an effective treatment approach for lung cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-s) ◽  
pp. 367-370
Author(s):  
Kinjal Patel ◽  
Devanshi Patel
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
The Body ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Target Delivery ◽  
Liposomal Drug ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Important Field

Worldwide, cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality and cancer rates are set to increase at alarming rate globally. There are various types of cancer in which the leading type is the lung cancer.   In recent years lipid-based carriers, such as liposomes, have successfully encapsulated chemotherapeutic agents ameliorating some toxicity issues, while enhancing the overall therapeutic activity in cancer patients. In addition to this, nanomaterials can help to improved half-life in the body, morphology, for increased drug loading and many other ways. The survey discussed in this review will lead the anticancer therapy and cancer management which will provide the platform to the next generation.  Therefore, this critical review includes the therapeutic interventions, liposomes target delivery, active and passive drug loading. Finally, we attempt to summarize the current challenges in nanotherapeutics and provide an outlook on the future of this important field. Keywords: Drug Delivery, Liposomes target Delivery, Nanostructures, Drug loading

scholarly journals Novel Approaches for Efficient Delivery of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Moradpour ◽  
Leila Barghi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Amorphous Solid Dispersion ◽  
Crystal Modification ◽  
Particle Size Reduction

Epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) have potential to be considered as therapeutic target for cancer treatment especially in cancer patients with overexpression of EGFR. Cetuximab as a first monoclonal antibody and Imatinib as the first small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor (SMTKI) were approved by FDA in 1998 and 2001. About 28 SMTKIs have been approved until 2015 and a large number of compound with kinase inhibitory activity are at the different phases of clinical trials. Although Kinase inhibitors target specific intracellular pathways, their tissue or cellular distribution are not specific. So treatment with these drugs causes serious dose dependent side effects. Targeted delivery of kinase inhibitors via dendrimers, polymeric nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles and lipid based delivery systems such as liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) can lead to reduction of side effects and improving therapeutic efficacy of the drugs in the target organs. Furthermore formulation of these drugs is challenged by their physicochemical properties such as solubility and dissolution rate. The main approaches in order to increase dissolution rate, are particle size reduction, self-emulsification, cyclodextrin complexation, crystal modification and amorphous solid dispersion. Synergistic therapeutic effect, decreased side effects and drug resistant, reduced cost and increased patient compliance are the advantages associated with using combination therapy especially in the treatment of cancer. Combination of TKIs with chemotherapeutic agents or biopharmaceuticals such as monoclonal antibodies and oligonucleotides and also combination of two TKIs within one formulation is possible by new targeting delivery systems. This article reviews the recent advances in the design and development of delivery systems for TKIs.

scholarly journals Preimplantation development in ungulates: a ‘ménage à quatre’ scenario

Reproduction ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 159 (3) ◽  
pp. R151-R172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Artus ◽  
Isabelle Hue ◽  
Hervé Acloque
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Inner Cell Mass ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Critical Function ◽  
Embryonic Tissues ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Implantation Period

In ungulates, early embryonic development differs dramatically from that of mice and humans and is characterized by an extended period of pre- and peri-implantation development in utero. After hatching from the zona pellucida, the ungulate blastocyst will stay free in the uterus for many days before implanting within the uterine wall. During this protracted peri-implantation period, an intimate dialog between the embryo and the uterus is established through a complex series of paracrine signals. The blastocyst elongates, leading to extreme growth of extra-embryonic tissues, and at the same time, the inner cell mass moves up into the trophoblast and evolves into the embryonic disc, which is directly exposed to molecules present in the uterine fluids. In the peri-implantation period, uterine glands secrete a wide range of molecules, including enzymes, growth factors, adhesion proteins, cytokines, hormones, and nutrients like amino and fatty acids, which are collectively referred to as histotroph. The identification, role, and effects of these secretions on the biology of the conceptus are still being described; however, the studies that have been conducted to date have demonstrated that histotroph is essential for embryonic development and serves a critical function during the pre- and peri implantation periods. Here, we present an overview of current knowledge on the molecular dialogue among embryonic, extraembryonic, and maternal tissues prior to implantation. Taken together, the body of work described here demonstrates the extent to which this dialog enables the coordination of the development of the conceptus with respect to the establishment of embryonic and extra-embryonic tissues as well as in preparation for implantation.

scholarly journals CELL CARRIERS AS SYSTEMS OF DELIVERY OF ANTITUMOR DRUGS (REVIEW)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-57
Author(s):  
O. V. Trineeva ◽  
A. J. Halahakoon ◽  
A. I. Slivkin
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Pharmaceutical Chemistry ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Low Efficiency

Introduction. Drug delivery systems are defined as systems that deliver the optimal amount of a drug to a target target, increase the effectiveness of treatment, and reduce adverse effects. Regulation of the rate of release of drugs and bringing to specific tissues where active ingredients are needed are the main objectives of drug delivery systems. The development of systems for targeted, organ-specific and controlled delivery of medicinal, prophylactic and diagnostic agents is currently a relevant area of research for pharmacy and medicine. Of particular interest is the actual problem of increasing the frequency of manifestations of side effects of drugs. The side effect of drugs, their low efficiency is often explained by the inaccessibility of drugs directly to the target. Text. Currently, targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents and drug delivery systems has completely changed the tactics and approaches in the drug treatment of cancer, allowing to reduce the side effects of the drug and generally increase the effectiveness of the course of treatment. This paper summarizes and systematizes information about targeted systems for drug delivery of antitumor activity, described in the scientific literature and used in pharmacy and medicine. Most of the methods for obtaining cellular forms of toxic drugs discussed in this review are still at the development stage, and some methods are gradually finding practical application abroad in medicine and other fields. Vincristine (VCR) and vinblastine (VBL) are the most widely used and effective drugs in chemotherapeutic practice. Despite their effectiveness against various oncological diseases, there are a number of harmful side effects that limit the widespread use of these drugs. Conclusion. There is the possibility of using cellular carriers as a VCR and VBL delivery system. In scientific publications, there is still no data on the use of cellular carriers for encapsulating VCR and VBL. Therefore, relevant studies are devoted to the possibility of using cellular carriers to reduce side effects, improve efficiency, and develop dosage forms for the delivery of VCR and VBL to pathological foci. This topic is currently being actively developed by members of the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Voronezh State University.

Delivery Systems for Birch-bark Triterpenoids and their Derivatives in Anticancer Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1308-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inese Mierina ◽  
Reinis Vilskersts ◽  
Māris Turks
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Birch Bark ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Synthetic Derivatives ◽  
Low Solubility

Birch-bark triterpenoids and their semi-synthetic derivatives possess a wide range of biological activities including cytotoxic effects on various tumor cell lines. However, due to the low solubility and bioavailability, their medicinal applications are rather limited. The use of various nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems is a rapidly developing approach to the solubilization of insufficiently bioavailable pharmaceuticals. Herein, the drug delivery systems deemed to be applicable for birch-bark triterpenoid structures are reviewed. The aforementioned disadvantages of birch-bark triterpenoids and their semi-synthetic derivatives can be overcome through their incorporation into organic nanoparticles, which include various dendrimeric systems, as well as embedding the active compounds into polymer matrices or complexation with carbohydrate nanoparticles without covalent bonding. Some of the known triterpenoid delivery systems consist of nanoparticles featuring inorganic cores covered with carbohydrates or other polymers. Methods for delivering the title compounds through encapsulation and emulsification into lipophilic media are also suitable. Besides, the birch-bark triterpenoids can form self-assembling systems with increased bio-availability. Even more, the self-assembling systems are used as carriers for delivering other chemotherapeutic agents. Another advantage besides increased bioavailability and anticancer activity is the reduced overall systemic toxicity in most of the cases, when triterpenoids are delivered with any of the carriers.

scholarly journals Peptide-Based Drug-Delivery Systems in Biotechnological Applications: Recent Advances and Perspectives

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Tesauro ◽  
Antonella Accardo ◽  
Carlo Diaferia ◽  
Vittoria Milano ◽  
Jean Guillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Wide Range

Peptides of natural and synthetic sources are compounds operating in a wide range of biological interactions. They play a key role in biotechnological applications as both therapeutic and diagnostic tools. They are easily synthesized thanks to solid-phase peptide devices where the amino acid sequence can be exactly selected at molecular levels, by tuning the basic units. Recently, peptides achieved resounding success in drug delivery and in nanomedicine smart applications. These applications are the most significant challenge of recent decades: they can selectively deliver drugs to only pathological tissues whilst saving the other districts of the body. This specific feature allows a reduction in the drug side effects and increases the drug efficacy. In this context, peptide-based aggregates present many advantages, including biocompatibility, high drug loading capacities, chemical diversity, specific targeting, and stimuli responsive drug delivery. A dual behavior is observed: on the one hand they can fulfill a structural and bioactive role. In this review, we focus on the design and the characterization of drug delivery systems using peptide-based carriers; moreover, we will also highlight the peptide ability to self-assemble and to actively address nanosystems toward specific targets.

scholarly journals Surface-Functionalized Nanoparticles as Efficient Tools in Targeted Therapy of Pregnancy Complications

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 3642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baozhen Zhang ◽  
Ruijing Liang ◽  
Mingbin Zheng ◽  
Lintao Cai ◽  
Xiujun Fan
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Functionalized Nanoparticles ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Clinical Tools ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Review Current ◽  
Target Effects

Minimizing exposure of the fetus to medication and reducing adverse off-target effects in the mother are the primary challenges in developing novel drugs to treat pregnancy complications. Nanomedicine has introduced opportunities for the development of novel platforms enabling targeted delivery of drugs in pregnancy. This review sets out to discuss the advances and potential of surface-functionalized nanoparticles in the targeted therapy of pregnancy complications. We first describe the human placental anatomy, which is fundamental for developing placenta-targeted therapy, and then we review current knowledge of nanoparticle transplacental transport mechanisms. Meanwhile, recent surface-functionalized nanoparticles for targeting the uterus and placenta are examined. Indeed, surface-functionalized nanoparticles could help prevent transplacental passage and promote placental-specific drug delivery, thereby enhancing efficacy and improving safety. We have achieved promising results in targeting the placenta via placental chondroitin sulfate A (plCSA), which is exclusively expressed in the placenta, using plCSA binding peptide (plCSA-BP)-decorated nanoparticles. Others have also focused on using placenta- and uterus-enriched molecules as targets to deliver therapeutics via surface-functionalized nanoparticles. Additionally, we propose that placenta-specific exosomes and surface-modified exosomes might be potential tools in the targeted therapy of pregnancy complications. Altogether, surface-functionalized nanoparticles have great potential value as clinical tools in the targeted therapy of pregnancy complications.

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