scholarly journals Towards High Efficiency CO2 Utilization by Glow Discharge Plasma

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2063
Author(s):  
Stephan Renninger ◽  
Paul Rößner ◽  
Jan Stein ◽  
Maike Lambarth ◽  
Kai Peter Birke
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Glow Discharge ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Discharge Plasma ◽  
Plasma Reactor ◽  
Value Added ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Glow Discharge Plasma ◽  
High Energy Efficiency

Plasma technology reaches rapidly increasing efficiency in catalytic applications. One such application is the splitting reaction of CO2 to oxygen and carbon monoxide. This reaction could be a cornerstone of power-to-X processes that utilize electricity to produce value-added compounds such as chemicals and fuels. However, it poses problems in practice due to its highly endothermal nature and challenging selectivity. In this communication a glow discharge plasma reactor is presented that achieves high energy efficiency in the CO2 splitting reaction. To achieve this, a magnetic field is used to increase the discharge volume. Combined with laminar gas flow, this leads to even energy distribution in the working gas. Thus, the reactor achieves very high energy efficiency of up to 45% while also reaching high CO2 conversion efficiency. These results are briefly explained and then compared to other plasma technologies. Lastly, cutting edge energy efficiencies of competing technologies such as CO2 electrolysis are discussed in comparison.

Phthalate degradation by glow discharge plasma enhanced with pyrite in aqueous solution

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1365-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chensi Shen ◽  
Shaoshuai Wu ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Sadia Rashid ◽  
Yuezhong Wen
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Glow Discharge ◽  
Discharge Plasma ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Glow Discharge Plasma ◽  
Methyl Tert Butyl Ether ◽  
Butyl Ether ◽  
Polymeric Compound ◽  
X Ray

In order to prevent health risk from potential exposures to phthalates, a glow discharge plasma (GDP) process was applied for phthalate degradation in aqueous solution. The results revealed that the phthalate derivatives 4-hydroxyphthalic acid, 4-methylphthalic acid and 4-tert-butylphthalic anhydride could be degraded efficiently in GDP process (498 V, 0.2 A) with high removal efficiencies of over 99% in 60 minutes. Additionally, pyrite as a promising heterogeneous iron source in the Fenton reaction was found to be favorable for GDP process. The phthalate degradation reaction could be significantly enhanced by the continuous formation of •OH and the inhibition of the quenching reaction in the pyrite Fenton system due to the constant dissolution of Fe(II) from pyrite surface. Meanwhile, the initial pH value showed little impact on the degradation of phthalates and the energy efficiency of GDP system for phthalate degradation ranged between 0.280 × 10−9 and 1.210 × 10−9 mol/J, which is similar to the GDP system with phenol, bisphenol A and methyl tert-butyl ether as the substrates. Further, the X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses indicated that the pyrite was relatively stable in GDP system and there was no obvious polymeric compound formed on the catalyst surface. Overall, this GDP process offers high removal efficiency, simple technology, considerable energy efficiency and the applicability to salt-containing phthalate wastewater.

Damage study and comparison the effects of high-energy pulsed-protons of plasma focus device with low-energy protons of glow discharge plasma of tokamak

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 035001
Author(s):  
Farid Sedighi ◽  
Ardavan Kouhi ◽  
Davoud Iraji ◽  
Chapar Rasouli ◽  
Babak Shirani Bidabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glow Discharge ◽  
Plasma Focus ◽  
Discharge Plasma ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Plasma Focus Device ◽  
Glow Discharge Plasma ◽  
Damage Study

scholarly journals Increasing the Surface Energy and Sterilization of Nonwoven Fabrics by Exposure to a One Atmosphere Uniform Glow Discharge Plasma (OAUGDP)*

2001 ◽  
Vol os-10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1558925001OS-01 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Reece Roth ◽  
Zhiyu Chen ◽  
Daniel M. Sherman ◽  
Fuat Karakaya ◽  
Peter P.-Y. Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glow Discharge ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Parallel Plate ◽  
Discharge Plasma ◽  
Plasma Reactor ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Glow Discharge Plasma ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Normal Glow Discharge

A technique for generating active species with the One Atmosphere Uniform Glow Discharge Plasma (OAUGDP) has been developed and used to sterilize and increase the surface energy, wettability and wickability of nonwoven fabrics. The OAUGDP is a non-thermal, fourth-state-of-matter plasma with the classical characteristics of a low pressure DC normal glow discharge that operates in air (and other gases) at atmospheric pressure. No vacuum system or batch processing is necessary, and a wide range of applications to fabrics and polymeric webs can be accommodated in a parallel plate plasma reactor. In addition to directly exposing webs and workpieces to active species for surface energy increase in a parallel-plate reactor, we have shown that active species capable of sterilization can be convected at near room temperature to a remote exposure chamber. This technology is simple, produces many effects that can be obtained in no other way, generates minimal pollutants or unwanted byproducts, and is suitable for online treatment of webs, films, and fabrics. Early exposures of nonwoven fabrics to the OAUGDP required minutes to produce relatively small increases of surface energy. These durations appeared too long for commercial application to fast-moving webs. Recent improvements in OAUGDP power density, plasma quality and impedance matching of the power supply to the parallel plate plasma reactor have made it possible to raise the surface energy of a variety of polymeric webs (PP, PET, PE, etc.) to levels in the range of 60 to 70 dynes/cm with one second of exposure. In most cases these high surface energies were not durable, and fell off to 50 dynes/cm after periods of weeks to months. Here, we report the exposure of nonwoven fabrics made of PP and PET at the UTK Textiles and Nonwovens Development Center (TANDEC) to an impedance matched parallel plate OAUGDP for durations ranging from one second to several tens of seconds. Data will be reported on the surface energy, wettability and wickability as functions of time of exposure, and of the aging effect after exposure. We will report the use of a OAUGDP with air as the working gas to sterilize a broad range of microorganisms on a variety of surfaces, and in several distinct applications. These include a Remote Exposure Reactor to sterilize large workpieces 20 centimeters or more from the plasma-generating region, and a sterilizable air filter.

Surface Modification of Fabrics Using a One-Atmosphere Glow Discharge Plasma to Improve Fabric Wettability

1997 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 359-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter P. Tsai ◽  
Larry C. Wadsworth ◽  
J. Reece Roth
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Glow Discharge ◽  
Discharge Plasma ◽  
Plasma Reactor ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Glow Discharge Plasma ◽  
Lower Electrode ◽  
Face Area ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Surface Contact Angle

In industrial applications, a steady-state glow discharge capable of operating at one atmosphere would allow many plasma-related surface modification processes to be done on the production line, rather than in expensive vacuum systems that force batch processing. In this paper, we report some encouraging results from the plasma surface treatment of polypropylene meltblown nonwovens in the UTK one-atmosphere glow discharge plasma reactor. This reactor generates a large volume (up to 2.4 liters), low power (less than 150 watts), uniform glow discharge plasma in a parallel plate configuration with oval electrodes of 213 cm2 face area, the lower electrode being covered with a 3.2 mm thick insulating Pyrex surface. The plates are set up in an enclosed box that makes it possible to control the working gas used, and the spacing between the plates can be varied. This reactor is energized by a custom-made high impedance kilohertz power supply capable of supplying up to 5 kilowatts of kilohertz power at RMS voltages up to 10 kV, and over a frequency range from 1 to 100 kHz. Exposing a wide variety of polymer fabrics reveals that the wettability, wickability, printability, and surface contact angle of the materials are significantly changed in a direction that may lead to new uses for these materials.

An effective approach for designing a low pressure DC glow discharge plasma reactor

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F. Bekkara ◽  
Y. Benmimoun ◽  
A. Tilmatine ◽  
K. Miloudi ◽  
S. Flazi
Keyword(s):  
Glow Discharge ◽  
Discharge Plasma ◽  
Plasma Reactor ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Glow Discharge Plasma ◽  
Dc Glow Discharge

A Cu3P nanowire enabling high-efficiency, reliable, and energy-efficient low-voltage electroporation-inactivation of pathogens in water

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (39) ◽  
pp. 18813-18820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-Yang Huo ◽  
Jian-Feng Zhou ◽  
Yutong Wu ◽  
Yin-Hu Wu ◽  
Hai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Efficiency

A Cu3PNW–Cu electrode serves as an efficient and stable electrode for low-voltage electroporation-inactivation of pathogens in water with high energy efficiency.

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