Downregulation of Salivary Proteins, Protective against Dental Caries, in Type 1 Diabetes

Saliva, an essential oral secretion involved in protecting the oral cavity’s hard and soft tissues, is readily available and straightforward to collect. Recent studies have analyzed the salivary proteome in children and adolescents with extensive carious lesions to identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. The current study aimed to investigate saliva’s diagnostic ability through proteomics to detect the potential differential expression of proteins specific for the occurrence of carious lesions. For this study, we performed bioinformatics and functional analysis of proteomic datasets, previously examined by our group, from samples of adolescents with regulated and unregulated type 1 diabetes, as they compare with healthy controls. Among the differentially expressed proteins relevant to caries pathology, alpha-amylase 2B, beta-defensin 4A, BPI fold containing family B member 2, protein S100-A7, mucin 5B, statherin, salivary proline-rich protein 2, and interleukin 36 gamma were significantly downregulated in poorly-controlled patients compared to healthy subjects. In addition, significant biological pathways (defense response to the bacterium, beta-defensin activity, proline-rich protein activity, oxygen binding, calcium binding, and glycosylation) were deregulated in this comparison, highlighting specific molecular characteristics in the cariogenic process. This analysis contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in caries vulnerability in adolescents with unregulated diabetes.

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Predictors of the development of chronic wound defects in the soft tissues of the lower extremities in the patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and lipoid necrobiosis

Problems of Endocrinology ◽

10.14341/probl201258613-18 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 58 (6) ◽

pp. 13-18

Author(s):

D. A. Semenova ◽

E. A. Repina ◽

S. M. Stepanova ◽

S. A. Prokofiev ◽

E. V. Matushevskaya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Lower Extremities ◽

Peripheral Circulation ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Toll Like Receptors ◽

Immunological Examination

A total of 50 patients presenting with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) were available for the clinical and immunological examination. They were allocated to two groups, one comprised of 25 patients with DM1 and lipoid necrobiosis (LN), the other consisting of 25 patients with DM1 without LN. Expression of Toll-like receptors (TLR2, TLR3, and TLR4) was evaluated in monocytes and neutrophils obtained from peripheral blood. In addition, the state of peripheral circulation and innervation of the lower extremities was evaluated. It was shown that the impairment of expression and fluorescence of TLR2 and TLR4 in monocytes as well as TLR3 in neutrophils was associated with the manifestations of skin lesions in the patients with DM1 and LN. It is concluded that the measurement of Toll-like receptors in the patient presenting with type 1 diabetes mellitus and lipoid necrobiosis can be used in clinical practice for the prediction of the development of dermatosis.

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Does increased leukotriene B4 in type 1 diabetes result from elevated cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity?

Medical Hypotheses ◽

10.1016/s0306-9877(02)00216-5 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 59 (5) ◽

pp. 607-610 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C.-K Chang ◽

T.K Tso ◽

J.T Snook ◽

Y.-S Huang

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Cholesteryl Ester ◽

Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein ◽

Leukotriene B4 ◽

Protein Activity ◽

Transfer Protein

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Nasal Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes in Taiwan

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9061296 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 1296

Author(s):

Chun-Ya Kang ◽

Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang ◽

Chi-Chun Lai ◽

Wei-Che Lo ◽

Kun-Jen Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Local Community ◽

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Clonal Complex ◽

Molecular Characteristics ◽

Chang Gung Memorial Hospital ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Mrsa Colonization

Nasal methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonies are an essential reservoir of infection, especially for patients with diabetes. However, data on MRSA colonization in patients with type 1 diabetes are limited. We investigated the epidemiology of MRSA colonization in patients with type 1 diabetes. This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in a medical center (Chang Gung Memorial Hospital) in Taiwan from 1 July to 31 December 2020. Nasal sampling and MRSA detection were performed. The molecular characteristics of MRSA isolates were tested, and factors associated with MRSA colonization were analyzed. We included 245 patients with type 1 diabetes; nasal MRSA colonization was identified in 13 (5.3%) patients. All isolates belonged to community-associated MRSA genetic strains; the most frequent strain was clonal complex 45 (53.8%), followed by ST59 (30.8%) (a local community strain). MRSA colonization was positively associated with age ≤ 10 years, body mass index < 18 kg/m2, and diabetes duration < 10 years; moreover, it was negatively associated with serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥ 100 mg/dL. No independent factor was reported. The nasal MRSA colonization rate in type 1 diabetes is approximately 5% in Taiwan. Most of these colonizing strains are community strains, namely clonal complex 45 and ST59.

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