scholarly journals Microfluidics by Additive Manufacturing for Wearable Biosensors: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahshid Padash ◽  
Christian Enz ◽  
Sandro Carrara
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Previous Method ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Microfluidic Systems ◽  
Multiple Materials

Wearable devices are nowadays at the edge-front in both academic research as well as in industry, and several wearable devices have been already introduced in the market. One of the most recent advancements in wearable technologies for biosensing is in the area of the remote monitoring of human health by detection on-the-skin. However, almost all the wearable devices present in the market nowadays are still providing information not related to human ‘metabolites and/or disease’ biomarkers, excluding the well-known case of the continuous monitoring of glucose in diabetic patients. Moreover, even in this last case, the glycaemic level is acquired under-the-skin and not on-the-skin. On the other hand, it has been proven that human sweat is very rich in molecules and other biomarkers (e.g., ions), which makes sweat a quite interesting human liquid with regards to gathering medical information at the molecular level in a totally non-invasive manner. Of course, a proper collection of sweat as it is emerging on top of the skin is required to correctly convey such liquid to the molecular biosensors on board of the wearable system. Microfluidic systems have efficiently come to the aid of wearable sensors, in this case. These devices were originally built using methods such as photolithographic and chemical etching techniques with rigid materials. Nowadays, fabrication methods of microfluidic systems are moving towards three-dimensional (3D) printing methods. These methods overcome some of the limitations of the previous method, including expensiveness and non-flexibility. The 3D printing methods have a high speed and according to the application, can control the textures and mechanical properties of an object by using multiple materials in a cheaper way. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to review all the most recent advancements in the methods for 3D printing to fabricate wearable fluidics and provide a critical frame for the future developments of a wearable device for the remote monitoring of the human metabolism directly on-the-skin.

scholarly journals Proof of concept of a novel combined consolidation and transfer mechanism for electrophotographic 3D printing

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1040-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew James Benning ◽  
Kenny Dalgarno
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Transfer Mechanism ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Information ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Printing System ◽  
Multiple Materials ◽  
Electrophotographic Printing

Purpose This paper aims to develop and then evaluate a novel consolidation and powder transfer mechanism for electrophotographic 3D printing, designed to overcome two longstanding limitations of electrophotographic 3D printing: fringing and a build height limitation. Design/methodology/approach Analysis of the electric field generated within electrophotographic printing was used to identify the underlying causes of the fringing and build height limitations. A prototype machine was then designed and manufactured to overcome these limitations, and a number of print runs were carried out as proof of concept studies. Findings The analysis suggested that a machine design which separated the electrostatic powder deposition of the print engine from the layer transfer and consolidation steps is required to overcome fringing and build height limitations. A machine with this build architecture was developed and proof of concept studies showed that the build height and fringing effects were no longer evident. Research limitations/implications Electrophotography (EP) was initially seen as a promising technology for 3D printing, largely because the potential for multi-material printing at high speed. As these limitations can now be overcome, there is still potential for EP to deliver a high-speed 3D printing system which can build parts consisting of multiple materials. Originality/value The analysis of EP, the new method for the transfer and consolidation of layers and the proof of concept study are all original and provide new information on how EP can be adopted for 3D printing.

scholarly journals High-Speed 3D Printing of High-Performance Thermosetting Polymers via Two-Stage Curing

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1700809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Kuang ◽  
Zeang Zhao ◽  
Kaijuan Chen ◽  
Daining Fang ◽  
Guozheng Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Thermosetting Polymers

The Feasibility and Effectiveness of Wearable Sensor Technology in the Management of Elderly Diabetics with Foot Ulcer Remission: A Proof-Of-Concept Pilot Study with Six Cases

Gerontology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Chenzhen Du ◽  
Hongyan Wang ◽  
Heming Chen ◽  
Xiaoyun Fan ◽  
Dongliang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Stride Length ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Wearable Sensor ◽  
Double Support ◽  
Gait Parameters

Aims: Using specials wearable sensors, we explored changes in gait and balance parameters, over time, in elderly patients at high risk of diabetic foot, wearing different types of footwear. This assessed the relationship between gait and balance changes in elderly diabetic patients and the development of foot ulcers, in a bid to uncover potential benefits of wearable devices in the prognosis and management of the aforementioned complication. Methods: A wearable sensor-based monitoring system was used in middle-elderly patients with diabetes who recently recovered from neuropathic plantar foot ulcers. A total of 6 patients (age range: 55–80 years) were divided into 2 groups: the therapeutic footwear group (n = 3) and the regular footwear (n = 3) group. All subjects were assessed for gait and balance throughout the study period. Walking ability and gait pattern were assessed by allowing participants to walk normally for 1 min at habitual speed. The balance assessment program incorporated the “feet together” standing test and the instrumented modified Clinical Test of Sensory Integration and Balance. Biomechanical information was monitored at least 3 times. Results: We found significant differences in stride length (p < 0.0001), stride velocity (p < 0.0001), and double support (p < 0.0001) between the offloading footwear group (OG) and the regular footwear group on a group × time interaction. The balance test embracing eyes-open condition revealed a significant difference in Hip Sway (p = 0.004), COM Range ML (p = 0.008), and COM Position (p = 0.004) between the 2 groups. Longitudinally, the offloading group exhibited slight improvement in the performance of gait parameters over time. The stride length (odds ratio 3.54, 95% CI 1.34–9.34, p = 0.018) and velocity (odds ratio 3.13, 95% CI 1.19–8.19, p = 0.033) of OG patients increased, converse to the double-support period (odds ratio 6.20, 95% CI 1.97–19.55, p = 0.002), which decreased. Conclusions: Special wearable devices can accurately monitor gait and balance parameters in patients in real time. The finding reveals the feasibility and effectiveness of advanced wearable sensors in the prevention and management of diabetic foot ulcer and provides a solid background for future research. In addition, the development of foot ulcers in elderly diabetic patients may be associated with changes in gait parameters and the nature of footwear. Even so, larger follow-up studies are needed to validate our findings.

scholarly journals High-Speed 3D Printing of Millimeter-Size Customized Aspheric Imaging Lenses with Sub 7 nm Surface Roughness

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (18) ◽  
pp. 1705683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangfan Chen ◽  
Wenzhong Liu ◽  
Biqin Dong ◽  
Jongwoo Lee ◽  
Henry Oliver T. Ware ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
High Speed

Wearable devices for remote monitoring of transcutaneous tissue oxygenation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pedro Cascales ◽  
Emmanuel Roussakis ◽  
Daniel Greenfield ◽  
Lilian Witthauer ◽  
Avery Goss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Wearable Devices

scholarly journals 3D printing technologies for creating models and nozzles in an aerodynamic shock tunnel experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 2103 (1) ◽  
pp. 012033
Author(s):  
M A Kotov ◽  
N A Monakhov ◽  
S A Poniaev ◽  
P A Popov ◽  
K V Tverdokhlebov
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Additive Technologies ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Dynamic Experiment ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Nozzle Block ◽  
Rapid Prototyping And Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing

Abstract The features of 3D printing method for rapid prototyping and manufacturing of models for a pulsed high-speed gas-dynamic experiment are considered. Modern additive technologies allow the production of models. The basic properties of the materials and the advantages of 3D printing methods are described. The structure and properties of the obtained models can be unattainable using traditional manufacturing techniques. The design of the wind tunnel nozzle block is considered, which provides for the production of profiled contours using 3D printing. The advantages and disadvantages of use of such units on the shock tube are considered.

Remote Monitoring and Failure Diagnosis for a Microturbine Cogeneration System

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Kataoka ◽  
Tadahiko Kishikawa ◽  
Shigeru Sakata ◽  
Takahiro Nakagawa ◽  
Jun Ishiguro
Keyword(s):  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Failure Detection ◽  
Failure Diagnosis ◽  
Remote Monitoring System ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
Trend Data ◽  
High Speed Data Acquisition ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis

This paper presents the implementation of failure detection and diagnosis, and predictive maintenance for a microturbine cogeneration system. It also introduces a remote monitoring system with capabilities for high-capacity high-speed data acquisition and storage, as well as data sharing via the Internet. Additionally, this paper provides failure diagnosis that uses high-speed transient data in order to determine the root cause of microturbine emergency shutdown or start failure, as well as failure prediction that uses long-range trend data in order to carry out the appropriate maintenance with some examples.

Understanding the Need for a Non-invasive Wearable Real-time Database Device for Diabetic Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmer Jeto Gomes Ataide ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Sinha ◽  
G. Arun Maiya
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
Real Time Database

Diabetes occurs when the pancreas in the human body does not secrete sufficient insulin. It is a disease that is growing rapidly and affecting many lives. Hence, it needs constant monitoring. Wearable devices are those devices that are present on your person at all times. If the monitoring of this disease could be paired with wearable devices along with enabling real-time documentation in the patients’ medical records, it would benefit both the caregivers and the patients by saving time, money, effort and the amount of work put in by both during the health care process, hence, aiding in the delivery of quality health care. This article deals with identifying the existing wearable devices in detecting diabetes or risk of diabetes non-invasively and further scope of research in the respective area.

Vibration Characteristics of 3D Printed Viscoelastic Graded Polymeric Plates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Carter ◽  
Kumar Vikram Singh ◽  
Fazeel Khan
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Vibration Characteristics ◽  
Thin Plates ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Multiple Materials

Abstract The exploration of structures made of multiple materials is a growing area of research as additive manufacturing processing technologies such as fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing allows for their fabrication. Such a technology allows for rapid prototyping of structural components with complex geometries or spatially distributed materials with different properties and functionalities. By selecting suitable spatial distribution of materials, the performance of structural components can be manipulated and enhanced as per different engineering application needs. For a low-cost design of structural prototypes using 3D printing processes, viscoelastic polymeric materials are often used, having inherent damping properties. In this research, vibration characteristics of thin plates which are axially graded with multiple polymeric materials are investigated. The goal is to understand the influence of material grading on the frequency and damping characteristics of graded plates. Although in literature, material grading along the thickness in designing composite laminates and their vibration characteristics are available, the performance of plates having axially graded viscoelastic polymers have not been investigated yet. Through systematic modeling and experimental plans, vibration characteristics of axially graded viscoelastic plates are presented here. In particular, the damping performance for different grading schemes is evaluated. It is anticipated that such analysis will allow accurate modeling and testing of design prototypes of structural components for future research, such as design and testing of graded panels for enhanced flutter characteristics.

Protocol for Remote Assessment of Lung Disease and Impact on Physical and Mental Health (RALPMH) (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yatharth Ranjan ◽  
Malik Althobiani ◽  
Joseph Jacob ◽  
Michele Orini ◽  
Richard Dobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Disease Trajectory ◽  
Passive Data ◽  
Active Data ◽  
Finger Pulse

BACKGROUND Chronic Lung disorders like COPD and IPF are characterised by exacerbations which are a significant problem: unpleasant for patients, and sometimes severe enough to cause hospital admission (and therefore NHS pressures) and death. Reducing the impact of exacerbations is very important. Moreover, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the vulnerable populations with these disorders are at high risk and hence their routine care cannot be done properly. Remote monitoring offers a low cost and safe solution of gaining visibility into the health of people in their daily life. Thus, remote monitoring of patients in their daily lives using mobile and wearable devices could be useful especially in high vulnerability groups. A scenario we consider here is to monitor patients and detect disease exacerbation and progression and investigate the opportunity of detecting exacerbations in real-time with a future goal of real-time intervention. OBJECTIVE The primary objective is to assess the feasibility and acceptability of remote monitoring using wearable and mobile phones in patients with pulmonary diseases. The aims will be evaluated over these areas: Participant acceptability, drop-out rates and interpretation of data, Detection of clinically important events such as exacerbations and disease progression, Quantification of symptoms (physical and mental health), Impact of disease on mood and wellbeing/QoL and The trajectory-tracking of main outcome variables, symptom fluctuations and order. The secondary objective of this study is to provide power calculations for a larger longitudinal follow-up study. METHODS Participants will be recruited from 2 NHS sites in 3 different cohorts - COPD, IPF and Post hospitalised Covid. A total of 60 participants will be recruited, 20 in each cohort. Data collection will be done remotely using the RADAR-Base mHealth platform for different devices - Garmin wearable devices, smart spirometers, mobile app questionnaires, surveys and finger pulse oximeters. Passive data collected includes wearable derived continuous heart rate, SpO2, respiration rate, activity, and sleep. Active data collected includes disease-specific PROMs, mental health questionnaires and symptoms tracking to track disease trajectory in addition to speech sampling, spirometry and finger Pulse Oximetry. Analyses are intended to assess the feasibility of RADAR-Base for lung disorder remote monitoring (include quality of data, a cross-section of passive and active data, data completeness, the usability of the system, acceptability of the system). Where adequate data is collected, we will attempt to explore disease trajectory, patient stratification and identification of acute clinically interesting events such as exacerbations. A key part of this study is understanding the potential of real-time data collection, here we will simulate an intervention using the Exacerbation Rating Scale (ERS) to acquire responses at-time-of-event to assess the performance of a model for exacerbation identification from passive data collected. RESULTS RALPMH study provides a unique opportunity to assess the use of remote monitoring in the study of lung disorders. The study is set to be started in mid-May 2021. The data collection apparatus, questionnaires and wearable integrations have been set up and tested by clinical teams. While waiting for ethics approval, real-time detection models are currently being constructed. CONCLUSIONS RALPMH will provide a reference infrastructure for the use of wearable data for monitoring lung diseases. Specifically information regarding the feasibility and acceptability of remote monitoring and the potential of real-time remote data collection and analysis in the context of chronic lung disorders. Moreover, it provides a unique standpoint to look into the specifics of novel coronavirus without burdensome interventions. It will help plan and inform decisions in any future studies that make use of remote monitoring in the area of Respiratory health. CLINICALTRIAL https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN16275601

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document