scholarly journals Radio Channel Capacity with Directivity Control of Antenna Beams in Multipath Propagation Environment

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 8296
Author(s):  
Cezary Ziółkowski ◽  
Jan M. Kelner ◽  
Jarosław Krygier ◽  
Aniruddha Chandra ◽  
Aleš Prokeš
Keyword(s):  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Multipath Propagation ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Radio Channel ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Antenna Beam ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Input Multiple Output

The basic technology that will determine the expansion of the technical capabilities of fifth generation cellular systems is a massive multiple-input-multiple-output. Therefore, assessing the influence of the antenna beam orientations on the radio channel capacity is very significant. In this case, the effects of mismatching the antenna beam directions are crucial. In this paper, the methodology for evaluating changes in the received signal power level due to beam misalignment for the transmitting and receiving antenna systems is presented. The quantitative assessment of this issue is presented based on simulation studies carried out for an exemplary propagation scenario. For non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions, it is shown that the optimal selection of the transmitting and receiving beam directions may ensure an increase in the level of the received signal by several decibels in relation to the coaxial position of the beams. The developed methodology makes it possible to analyze changes in the radio channel capacity versus the signal-to-noise ratio and distance between the transmitter and receiver at optimal and coaxial orientations of antenna beams for various propagation scenarios, considering NLOS conditions. In the paper, the influence of the directional antenna use and their direction choices on the channel capacity versus SNR and the distance between the transmitter and receiver is shown.

scholarly journals Effects of Path Visibility on Urban MIMO Systems

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Sirichai Hemrungrote ◽  
Toshikazu Hori ◽  
Mitoshi Fujimoto ◽  
Kentaro Nishimori
Keyword(s):  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Mimo Systems ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Propagation Characteristics ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Limited Bandwidth ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output

Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) wireless communication technology is expected to improve the channel capacity over the limited bandwidth of existing networks. Since urban MIMO systems have complex propagation characteristics, the channel capacity cannot be estimated using a simple method. Hence, we introduce channel capacity characteristics to urban MIMO systems by using a combination of imaging and ray-launching methods as a ray-tracing scheme. A simulation based on these methods with variable parameters can reproducibly estimate various urban propagation characteristics and discriminate the effects of the urban model and antenna configurations. The characteristics of the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), the channel capacity, the spatial correlation, as well as the path visibility are then determined from the results of the simulation. The parameter called path visibility introduced in our previous study is considered again herein. We clarify that only this single parameter can be used to determine the channel capacity characteristics in urban MIMO scenarios. This parameter also provides guidance in determining the appropriate range for the base station (BS) height.

scholarly journals A Tradeoff between Rich Multipath and High Receive Power in MIMO Capacity

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Zimu Cheng ◽  
Binghao Chen ◽  
Zhangdui Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Channel Model ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Mimo Channel ◽  
Channel Condition ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Interesting Discussion

A discussion about which of the two factors, rich multipath (in NLOS) or signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) (usually in LOS), affects the Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) channel capacity more is presented in this paper. This interesting discussion is investigated by performing simulations using simple circle scatterer model and WINNER II channel model. And the simulation shows that these two factors behave differently as the channel condition varyies. When the scatterer number in channel is low, the high receive SNR is more important to capacity. The multipath richness will have greater influence when the scatterer number exceeds a certain threshold. However, the channel capacity will not change much as the scatterers continue to increase.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENYUSUNAN POLARISASI PADA SISTEM ANTENA MIMO TERHADAP KAPASITAS KANAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Abdurrahman Rizki ◽  
Alloysius Adya Pramudita ◽  
Trasma Yunita
Keyword(s):  
Circular Polarization ◽  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Mimo System ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output

Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system is a technology that has the potential to be developed to increase channel capacity. The increase in channel capacity in the MIMO system is not only determined by the number of antennas, but is determined by the characteristics and arrangement of the antenna concept. This study identifies the effect of circular polarization on the MIMO antenna system on channel capacity. Co-polarization consists of a Left Hand Circular Polarization (LHCP) and Right Hand Circular Polarization (RHCP) configuration, while cross-polarization consists of an RHCP-LHCP configuration. The co-polarization of the antenna with the LHCP configuration results in an estimated channel capacity of 11,578 bps / Hz when it is at the lowest Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) is 5 dB

scholarly journals Capacity Analysis of Multiple-input-multiple-output System Over Rayleigh and Rician Fading Channel

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
Yazen Saifuldeen Mahmood ◽  
Ghassan Amanuel Qasmarrogy
Keyword(s):  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Mimo System ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Ergodic Capacity ◽  
Rician Fading ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Water Filling Algorithm

This paper aims to analyze the channel capacity in terms of spectral efficiency of a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system when channel state information (CSI) is known using water-filling algorithm and unknown at the transmitter side which it has been shown that the knowledge of the CSI at the transmitter enhancing the performance, the random Rayleigh and Rician channel models are assumed. Ergodic capacity and outage probability are the most channel capacity definitions which are investigated in this study. MATLAB code is devised to simulate the capacity of MIMO system for different numbers of antenna nodes versus different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values. In addition, the outage capacity probabilities for vary transmission rate and SNR are discussed.

scholarly journals Design of Multi-Mode Antenna Array for Use in Next-Generation Mobile Handsets

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2447
Author(s):  
Naser Ojaroudi Parchin ◽  
Haleh Jahanbakhsh Basherlou ◽  
Raed A. Abd-Alhameed
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Multi Mode

In this study, a new design of a tri-band multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array is proposed for fifth-generation (5G) cellular systems. Its structure is composed of eight identical planar-inverted F antenna (PIFA) elements placed at different edge corners of the handset mainboard with overall dimensions of 150 × 75 mm2. The PIFA elements and ground plane of the MIMO antenna system are arranged on the back layer of the platform, which makes the design easy to integrate with the handset circuit. For S11 ≤ −10 dB, the radiation elements of the MIMO design operate at the frequency ranges of 2.5–2.7 GHz, 3.4–3.75 GHz, and 5.6–6 GHz covering the long-term evolution (LTE) 41, 42/43, and 47 operation bands, respectively. The array achieves better than 15 dB return loss results across the three operating bands. The presented antenna array not only exhibits multi-band operation but also generates the polarization diversity characteristic, which makes it suitable for multi-mode operation. The proposed antenna array was simulated and experimentally tested. Fundamental characteristics of the proposed design are investigated. It offers three band S-parameters with acceptable isolation and dual-polarized radiation with quite good efficiency and gain results. Besides this, the total active reflection coefficient (TARC) and envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) results of the PIFAs are very low over the bands. In addition, the radiation characteristics of the MIMO antenna in the presence of the user and handset components are studied. Moreover, a new and compact phased array millimeter-wave (MM-Wave) antenna with broad bandwidth and end-fire radiation is introduced which can be easily integrated into the smartphone antenna system. Due to its good performance and simple structures, the proposed smartphone antenna array design is a good candidate for future multi-mode 5G cellular applications.

scholarly journals MIMO Self-Encoded Spread Spectrum with Iterative Detection over Rayleigh Fading Channels

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shichuan Ma ◽  
Lim Nguyen ◽  
Won Mee Jang ◽  
Yaoqing (Lamar) Yang
Keyword(s):  
Fading Channels ◽  
Spread Spectrum ◽  
Rayleigh Fading ◽  
Mimo Systems ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
Iterative Detection ◽  
Channel Fading ◽  
Input Multiple Output

Self-encoded spread spectrum (SESS) is a novel communication technique that derives its spreading code from the randomness of the source stream rather than using conventional pseudorandom noise (PN) code. In this paper, we propose to incorporate SESS in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems as a means to combat against fading effects in wireless channels. Orthogonal space-time block-coded MIMO technique is employed to achieve spatial diversity, and the inherent temporal diversity in SESS modulation is exploited with iterative detection. Simulation results demonstrate that MIMO-SESS can effectively mitigate the channel fading effect such that the system can achieve a bit error rate of with very low signal-to-noise ratio, from 3.3 dB for a antenna configuration to just less than 0 dB for a configuration under Rayleigh fading. The performance improvement for the case is as much as 6.7 dB when compared to an MIMO PN-coded spread spectrum system.

scholarly journals Channel capacity and performance evaluation of precoded MIMO-OFDM system with large-size constellation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 5024
Author(s):  
Hussein A. Leftah ◽  
Huda N. Alminshid
Keyword(s):  
Fading Channels ◽  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Ofdm System ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Mimo Ofdm ◽  
And Performance

<p>Multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) is a multipath diversity exploring approach which is emerged with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) to produce MIMO-OFDM that is widely used in wireless communications. This paper presents a discrete Hart-ley transform (DHT) precoded MIMO-OFDM system over multipath frequency-selective fading channel with large-size quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM, 64-QAM and 256-QAM). A mathematical models for the BER and channel capacity over mutlipath fading channels are also derived in this paper. Average Bit-error-rate (BER) and channel capacity of the presented system is considered and compared with that of the traditional MIMO-OFDM. Simulation results shows that the transmission performance and channel capacity of the proposed schemes is better than that of the traditional MIMO-OFDM without a pre-coder.</p>

Channel capacity evaluation for a multiple-input-multiple-output terminal in the presence of user's hand

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Zervos ◽  
K. Peppas ◽  
F. Lazarakis ◽  
A.A. Alexandridis ◽  
K. Dangakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Output Terminal ◽  
Capacity Evaluation ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output
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