scholarly journals The Development of Generalized Trust among Young People in England

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janmaat
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Young People ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Civic Participation ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Generalized Trust ◽  
Background Factors

This paper explores how generalized trust develops over the life course among young people in England and whether trust is influenced more by family background factors or by conditions in late adolescence and early adulthood. If the latter are important, there may be reason for concern about falling levels of trust as material conditions, particularly regarding housing, have deteriorated for the present generation of young people. The first set of influences are highlighted by a perspective arguing that trust is primarily shaped by conditions in early childhood, while the latter are suggested by the so-called social learning perspective, which claims that people continuously adjust their social trust through interactions with people in different contexts. Analyzing data of the Citizenship Education Longitudinal Survey, the study finds that trust remains quite volatile until the early twenties. It declines between ages 16 and 23 and groups differing in educational attainment, civic participation and housing situation start to drift apart in their levels of trust between these ages. Educational attainment, civic participation and housing, as conditions pertaining to late adolescence and early adulthood, also turn out to have a significant impact on trust at age 23 controlling for trust at age 16. However, while the first two conditions are influenced by trust at age 16, housing (tenure) is not, indicating it is a more exogenous factor. Family background factors are not influential. Not only do these findings support the social learning perspective, they also suggest that poor living conditions depress trust among a significant minority of young people and exacerbate disparities of trust.

scholarly journals How does engagement in society in adolescence affect educational attainment and employment in early adulthood: A prospective cohort study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249312
Author(s):  
Vivi Just-Noerregaard ◽  
Johan Hviid Andersen ◽  
Ellen Aagaard Nohr ◽  
Jesper Medom Vestergaard ◽  
Trine Nohr Winding
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Part Time Work

Introduction Educational attainment and employment are essential for young people to develop the skills needed to participate in society and maintain a stable connection to the labour market in adult life. The objective of this study was to examine associations between engagement in society, measured by leisure time activities and part-time work in mid and late adolescence and educational attainment and employment in early adulthood. Method A cohort of Danish young people born in 1989 was followed in a prospective study with questionnaires in 2004 (n = 3,054) and 2007 (n = 2,400) where information on leisure time activities and part-time work was collected. Information on connection to education and work was collected from a register of social benefits when participants were 25–29 years old and divided into high and low connection. The associations were examined using logistic regression and stratified by gender and childhood socioeconomic groups. Results Part-time work was, both in mid (OR: 1.7 [95% CI 1.3; 2.2]) and late (1.9 [1.4;2.6]) adolescence, positively associated with connection to education and work. Leisure time activities in mid adolescence were associated with connection to education and work (OR:1.6 [1.2;2.1]). Among men engagement in society showed strongest associations with later connection to education or work in mid adolescence (ORs up to 2.2), whereas the associations for women seemed strongest in late adolescence (ORs up to 2.8). Conclusion The study showed that adolescent engagement in society had positive associations with later educational attainment and employment, with stronger impact of part-time work compared to leisure time activities. The study identified differences between genders and the timing of engagement. Associations were consistent across socioeconomic groups.

scholarly journals Are Joiners Trusters? A Panel Analysis of Participation and Generalized Trust

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Botzen
Keyword(s):  
Civic Participation ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Generalized Trust ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Household Panel Data ◽  
Dynamic Panel Models ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Positive Results

SummaryAs two sides of the same coin - namely that of social capital - civic engagement and social trust have been conceived of as interrelated concepts. Existing studies examine whether civic participation is causally linked to generalized trust. However, the empirical evidence remains ambiguous: partly due to multidimensional measurement and partly in response to inadequate statistical analyses. The contribution of this paper, which uses the Swiss Household Panel data set between 2002 and 2012, is to analyze the causal relationship between participation in associations and generalized trust. Dynamic Panel Models account for the reciprocity of trust and participation with lagged dependent and lagged endogenous independent variables. The positive results support a causal effect of civic participation on generalized trust and show that joiners are trusters a priori, but also that they become trusters as they join.

scholarly journals Societal engagement in adolescence and future connection to education and employment in early adulthood – A follow-up-study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivi Just-Noerregaard ◽  
Johan Hviid Andersen ◽  
Ellen Aagaard Nohr ◽  
Jesper Medom Vestergaard ◽  
Trine Nohr Winding
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
A Prospective Study

Abstract Background: Attainment to education and employment is essential for young people to develop the skills needed to participate in society and maintain a stable connection to the labour market in adult life. This study examined associations between societal engagement, measured by leisure time activities (LTA) and part-time work (PTW), in mid (14/15 years) and late (17/18 years) adolescence and a positive connection to education and employment in early adulthood, accounting for potential gender and socioeconomic differences. Method: A cohort of young people born in 1989 was followed in a prospective study with questionnaires in 2004 (n=3,054) and 2007 (n=2,400) where information on LTA and PTW was collected. Information on connection to education and employment was collected from a register of social benefits when they were 25-29 years old and divided into high and low societal connection. The associations were examined using logistic regression and stratified by gender and childhood socioeconomic groups. Results: PTW was, both in mid and late adolescence, positively associated with societal connection (OR: 1.7 [95% CI 1.3; 2.2] and 1.9 [1.4;2.6]). LTA in mid adolescence was associated with societal connection (OR:1.6 [1.2;2.1]). Among the males LTA and PTW showed strongest associations with societal connection in mid adolescence (ORs up to 2.2), whereas the associations for females seemed strongest in late adolescence (ORs up to 2.8). Conclusion: The study showed that adolescent societal engagement had notable positive associations with connection to later education and employment, with stronger impact of PTW compared to LTA. The study identified differences between genders and the timing of engagement. Associations were consistent across socioeconomic groups.

scholarly journals The Perceived Impact of Social Networking Sites and Apps on the Social Capital of Saudi Postgraduate Students: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Abdulelah A. Alghamdi ◽  
Margaret Plunkett
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Civic Participation ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

With the increased use of Social Networking Sites and Apps (SNSAs) in Saudi Arabia, it is important to consider the impact of this on the social lives of tertiary students, who are heavy users of such technology. A mixed methods study exploring the effect of SNSAs use on the social capital of Saudi postgraduate students was conducted using a multidimensional construct of social capital, which included the components of life satisfaction, social trust, civic participation, and political engagement. Data were collected through surveys and interviews involving 313 male and 293 female postgraduate students from Umm Al-Qura University (UQU) in Makkah. Findings show that male and female participants perceived SNSAs use impacting all components of social capital at a moderate and mainly positive level. Correlational analysis demonstrated medium to large positive correlations among components of social capital. Gender differences were not evident in the life satisfaction and social trust components; however, females reported more involvement with SNSAs for the purposes of political engagement while males reported more use for civic participation, which is an interesting finding, in light of the norms and traditional culture of Saudi society.

PP40 An Ethnic Minority Cohort of Young People – Feasibility of follow-up in Early Adulthood?

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A64.3-A65
Author(s):  
Z E Enayat ◽  
U M Read ◽  
O Molaodi ◽  
A Cassidy ◽  
S Harding
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Early Adulthood

scholarly journals Meal frequencies in early adolescence predict meal frequencies in late adolescence and early adulthood

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trine Pagh Pedersen ◽  
Bjørn E Holstein ◽  
Esben Meulengracht Flachs ◽  
Mette Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Late Adolescence
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