scholarly journals Thermal Performances of Three Old Houses: A Comparative Study of Heterogeneous Vernacular Traditions in Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Shang Chiou ◽  
Joan Stephanie Elizalde
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Cultural Roots ◽  
Responsive Design ◽  
Vernacular Buildings

The paper presents a comparative study of the climate responsive design strategies and indoor thermal performance of three vernacular houses in Guanshan Township of eastern Taiwan by building survey and instrument measurements. These houses are all about 80 years old. They are of Chinese style, Japanese style, and a mixture of both styles. All three houses are popular building types in the region. Key findings include: (1) Space buffer, thermal insulation, ground exposure, and natural ventilation are the key elements of climate responsive design strategies. (2) The climate responsive design strategies of the three buildings, while using similar building material, are not the same. They are strongly associated with the buildings’ cultural roots as well as the buildings’ use patterns. (3) The Chinese-style house is a heat rejecter. It is comfortable in spring and summer. The mixed-style house is a heat keeper. It is comfortable in winter and spring. The Japanese-style house is well-ventilated and has equal thermal comfort level at around 50% in all seasons. It is uncommon that vernacular buildings from different cultural traditions coexist in the same region. This study provides detail appraisals of their respective sustainable design strategies in hot and humid climate.

scholarly journals An Investigation on Indoor Temperature of Modern Double Storey House with Adapted Common Passive Design Strategies of Malay Traditional House

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Qays Oleiwi ◽  
Mohd Farid Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Housing Type ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Cooling Strategies ◽  
Hot Humid Climate

Past years have witnessed the popularity of traditional Malay house as a common housing type in Malaysia. However, double-storey house has become one of the common types of low-rise housing in Malaysia. Several passive cooling strategies have been adopted to cope with the hot-humid climate of Malaysia. In this study, the thermal comfort of a double-storey house was examined when different passive cooling strategies that were adopted from traditional Malay houses were applied using IES-VE 2019 building simulation software. The simulation was conducted for various design strategies such as changing concrete roof tiles to clay roof tiles, adding two small openings to the attic, removing the ceiling between the upper floor and the attic, and extending the overhang by 50% of its length for all the four facades. All these strategies were tested and compared between full-day natural ventilation and without any ventilation. The thermal comfort of these strategies was graphically defined based on the operative temperature. These analyses revealed that protecting the building envelope by extending the overhang by 50% of its length for all the four facades could ensure the best thermal comfort is achieved compared to other selected strategies. Recommendations for further studies are also outlined in this paper.

scholarly journals Outdoor Ventilation and Ground Coverage: Exploring a Climate Centric Approach to Building Byelaws for Multi Storied Apartments in Bhubaneswar

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-95
Author(s):  
Monalipa Dash ◽  
Manjari Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Building Code ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Building Layout ◽  
Building Orientation ◽  
Ground Coverage ◽  
The City

Bhubaneswar with a warm and humid climate and with humidity much higher than the comfort level requires an enhanced natural ventilation to achieve long term quality of life. The building code which regulates the fabric of the city at present follows a standardized set of regulations governed by National Building Code of India and is developed without giving much consideration to climate. Ground coverage is an important parameter which regulates the footprint of the blocks and allows natural ventilation to buildings as well to outdoor. At present, Bhubaneswar does not prescribe a ground coverage for its apartments and completely dependent on FAR control. As a result, the developments consider quite high ground coverage in certain areas. This particular research focusses on analyzing the current situation of multi storied apartments and proposes a few climate centric recommendations for the byelaw. To examine the situation and arrive at a strategy, a simulation study has been carried out by altering the ground coverage and building orientation of a multistoried apartment consisting of 5 residential blocks to analyze the effect of natural ventilation. The study inferred that, building layout and orientation in relation to wind direction plays an important role for natural ventilation in the outdoors. A climate centric byelaw ideally should consider both while formulating its building code.

scholarly journals THE APPLICATION OF PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES AS SUSTAINABLE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE IN A MODEL CONFERENCE CENTRES (A CASE STUDY OF AMINU KANO CENTRE FOR DEMOCRATIC RESEARCH AND TRAINING (AKCDR&T))

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-39
Author(s):  
Alfa Sharif ◽  
Muhammad Mukarram ◽  
Isyaku Rabi’u ◽  
Rabi’u Inusa
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Passive Design ◽  
Conference Centre

ABSTRACT: This research sought to reduce uncomfortable conditions created by extremes of heat and dryness in order to achieve well balanced indoor and outdoor climate, through the application of passive design strategies in Conference Centre located in hot dry climate of Kano Nigeria. Passive design utilizes natural sources of heating and cooling breezes. It is achieved by appropriately orientating the building on its site and carefully designing the building envelope (roof, walls, windows and floor). External features such as fountain, soft landscaping and proper site planning improves micro climate which in turn helped in achieving good passive design. The methodology employed is case study and relevant information sourced from pertinent literature and the internet was taken into consideration. Research has shown that more than40% of energy consumption in any building is used for cooling and lighting in order to achieve comfort level. In the course of the research, the building was studied to evaluate the use of passive elements that relates to passive lighting and cooling which are the main source of energy consumption such as building envelop, natural lighting, natural ventilation, Site and external spaces, building form, building orientation, wall/window shading and existing of energy source on conference centre building. Research has shown that, the design parameters obtained from field survey are the principal factors responsible for any good passive design of most public building such as conference centre building.

scholarly journals Improving thermal comfort conditions in K-12 educational buildings in hot and humid climate: a case study in Cucuta, Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2069 (1) ◽  
pp. 012171
Author(s):  
D Guerrero ◽  
H Ge ◽  
B Lee
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
K 12

Abstract The school buildings in Colombia are built based on geographical locations and regional construction systems. However, external weather conditions and building design can have a significant impact on the thermal comfort of students, which affects the academic performance and productivity. This paper investigates the thermal comfort performance for an educational building in a hot and humid city in Cucuta, Colombia, built under national guidelines. This school is a concrete structure without mechanical cooling. However, field observation discovered that 82% of the time students experienced thermal discomfort. To investigate causes and provide mitigation strategies, a whole building energy simulation is conducted. Design Builder is used to evaluate the indoor thermal conditions compared to outdoor data collected. ASHRAE 55 adaptative model is used for the evaluation. It is found that 79% of the time the thermal conditions are outside the acceptable range during the year. The effect of mitigation measures i.e., occupancy, roof insulation, and natural ventilation rates are investigated through simulations. It is found that occupancy and natural ventilation rate have a significant impact on the indoor temperature and relative humidity, and thus the thermal comfort. Passive design strategies are proposed in optimizing the school building design to meet ASHARE-55 requirements.

POST OCCUPANCY EVALUATION OF RESIDENTIAL COLLEGE BUILDING WITH BIOCLIMATIC DESIGN STRATEGIES IN TROPICAL CLIMATE CONDITION OF MALAYSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adi Ainurzaman Jamaludin ◽  
Hazreena Hussein ◽  
Nila Keumala ◽  
Ati Rosemary Mohd Ariffin
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Residential College ◽  
Post Occupancy Evaluation ◽  
Bioclimatic Design ◽  
Relative Humidity Range ◽  
Humidity Range

The evaluation through a set of questionnaire and field measurement with the use of climatic devices was conducted in an old residential college building with the best practice of bioclimatic design strategies, particularly on the implementation of daylighting and natural ventilation. Initially, the implementation of these strategies has a significantly positive impact on the satisfaction level of the residents. Temperature and relative humidity range that is accepted as thermally comfortable by university students are 29-30°C and 72-77%, respectively. The comfort level was successfully maintained with a good adaptation of living behaviour including the activity in the room, garment dressed, usage of room opening and electronic devices. Unfortunately, further improvements on natural daylighting are still required based on the negative feedbacks given by the majority of respondents.      

Comparative Study of Muslim Minorities

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-316
Author(s):  
R. Hrair Dekmejian
Keyword(s):  
Native Americans ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Communal Identity ◽  
French Canadians ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
The World ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
Muslim Minorities ◽  
Cultural Regeneration

Most of the world’s Muslims reside in countries where they are numericallypredominant. As such, these Muslims possess a majoritarian outlook in sharpcontrast to the perspective of minority Muslims living in India, China, theUSSR, and some Western countries. In recent years, Muslim minorities havefound themselves at the confluence of diverse social forces and politicaldevelopments which have heightened their sense of communal identity andapprehension vish-vis non-Muslim majorities. This has been particularlytrue of the crisis besetting the Indian Muslims in 1990-91 as well as the newlyformed Muslim communities in Western Europe.The foregoing circumstances have highlighted the need for serious researchon Muslim minorities within a comparative framework. What follows is apreliminary outline of a research framework for a comparative study of Muslimminorities using the Indian Muslims as an illustrative case.The Salience of TraditionOne of the most significant transnational phenomena in the four decadessince mid-century has been the revival of communal consciousness amongminorities in a large number of countries throughout the world. This tendencytoward cultural regeneration has been noted among such diverse ethnic groupsas Afro-Americans, French Canadians, Palestinian Arabs, the Scots of GreatBritain, Soviet minorities, and native Americans. A common tendency amongthese groups is to reach back to their cultural traditions and to explore thoseroots which have served as the historical anchors of their present communalexistence. Significantly, this quest for tradition has had a salutary impactupon the lives of these communities, for it has reinforced their collectiveand individual identities and has enabled them to confront the multipledifficulties of modem life more effectively. By according its members a sense ...

scholarly journals Proposing Alternative Solutions to Enhance Natural Ventilation Rates in Residential Buildings in the Cfa Climate Zone of Rasht

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 679
Author(s):  
Roya Aeinehvand ◽  
Amiraslan Darvish ◽  
Abdollah Baghaei Daemei ◽  
Shima Barati ◽  
Asma Jamali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Ventilation Rate ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Passive Strategies ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Ventilation Rates ◽  
Ventilation Systems

Today, renewable resources and the crucial role of passive strategies in energy efficiency in the building sector toward the sustainable development goals are more indispensable than ever. Natural ventilation has traditionally been considered as one of the most fundamental techniques to decrease energy usage by building dwellers and designers. The main purpose of the present study is to enhance the natural ventilation rates in an existing six-story residential building situated in the humid climate of Rasht during the summertime. On this basis, two types of ventilation systems, the Double-Skin Facade Twin Face System (DSF-TFS) and Single-Sided Wind Tower (SSWT), were simulated through DesignBuilder version 4.5. Then, two types of additional ventilation systems were proposed in order to accelerate the airflow, including four-sided as well as multi-opening wind towers. The wind foldable directions were at about 45 degrees (northwest to southeast). The simulation results show that SSWT could have a better performance than the aforementioned systems by about 38%. Therefore, the multi-opening system was able to enhance the ventilation rate by approximately 10% during the summertime.

USING PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF SINGLE FAMILY HOUSES. A COMPARATIVE STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Calin Gabriel Corduban ◽  
Aurora Irina Dumitrascu ◽  
Tania Mariana Hapurne ◽  
Irina Bliuc ◽  
Adriana Kadhim Abid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Passive Design

scholarly journals Typology and Solar Gain Analysis: Vernacular Courtyard Houses of Tabriz, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Maryam Khatibi
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Vernacular Buildings ◽  
Technological Bias

The study presents the results of typological analysis and simulation modeling analysis of traditional courtyard residential houses in the cold semi-arid climate of Iran. The purpose of the research has been to analyze and evaluate traditional passive environmental strategies and their elements to provide implications for the design of sustainable residential buildings in contemporary time. Five existing traditional courtyard houses in the city of Tabriz, Iran, are used as case-studies to analyze the typology and the solar zoning conditions and to develop simulation models. The Ecotect simulation program is used to calculate the solar gains of the buildings and to analyze the effectiveness of the natural passive systems along with native design strategies in terms of potential solar gains of main and secondary living spaces. However, in the vernacular, not only the awareness of the climatic and topological considerations is important, but also the values, rituals, and beliefs that shape the design of the dwellings need to be considered. The research is based on the hypothesis that vernacular buildings (courtyard houses) of Iran have been environmentally sustainable structures. However, an important challenge of the study has been to avoid the technological bias and to consider the cultural and social aspects and embodiment of the studied houses, as well. The study also addresses the potential shortcomings that limit the reliability of Iranian vernacular architecture at present in order to arrive at a more holistic understanding of the sustainability of the vernacular architecture in the country. 

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