scholarly journals Field Environmental Philosophy: A Biocultural Ethic Approach to Education and Ecotourism for Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4526
Author(s):  
Alejandra Tauro ◽  
Jaime Ojeda ◽  
Terrance Caviness ◽  
Kelli P. Moses ◽  
René Moreno-Terrazas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Environmental Philosophy ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Life Habits ◽  
Other World ◽  
Biocultural Conservation ◽  
Educational Methodology

To contribute to achieving local and global sustainability, we propose a novel educational methodology, called field environmental philosophy (FEP), which orients ecotourism practices to reconnect citizens and nature. FEP is based on the systemic approach of the biocultural ethic that values the vital links among the life habits of co-inhabitants (humans and other-than-humans) who share a common habitat. Based on this “3Hs” model (habitats, co-inhabitants, habits), FEP combines tourism with experiential education to reorient biocultural homogenization toward biocultural conservation. FEP’s methodological approach seeks to integrate social, economic, and environmental dimensions of sustainability by generating new links between biological and cultural diversity at different spatial and social scales. Ecotourism has an underutilized potential to link sciences with education and conservation practices at different scales. By incorporating a philosophical foundation, FEP broadens both understanding and practices of environmental education and sustainable tourism. FEP has been developed at the Omora Ethnobotanical Park in the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve, Chile, at the southern end of the Americas since 2000, where it has oriented transdisciplinary work for the creation of new protected areas and ecotourism practices. FEP enables an integration of biophysical, cultural, and institutional dimensions into the design of ecotourism activities that transform and broaden the perceptions of tourists, local guides, students, and other participants to better appreciate local biological and cultural diversity. FEP’s methodology is starting to be adapted in other world regions, such as Germany, Japan, and Mexico, to integrate education and ecotourism for sustainability.

scholarly journals Aproximación metodológica al análisis de contenidos a partir del discurso de los actores. Un ensayo de investigación social de procesos de desarrollo local (Loja, Ecuador)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Mendieta Vicuña ◽  
Javier Esparcia Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Stakeholder Analysis ◽  
The Core ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Institutional Actors

El análisis de contenidos está en el centro de gran cantidad de estudios de investigación social. Por su parte, el análisis del sistema de actores también ha sido ampliamente explotado en el estudio de procesos de desarrollo local, bajo diferentes aproximaciones. Sin embargo, este trabajo tiene como objetivo mostrar algunas de las potencialidades y ventajas del análisis de contenidos a partir del discurso de los actores implicados en procesos de desarrollo local. Para ello, se toma como punto de partida la información primaria obtenida de las entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a una muestra de actores sociales, económicos e institucionales vinculados a la puesta en marcha de la central eólica Villonaco (Loja, Ecuador). Según el gobierno ecuatoriano, esta ha de tener una clara proyección en el desarrollo local, y de ahí el interés por analizar estos procesos desde esta perspectiva metodológica. Para mostrar las potencialidades del análisis de contenidos a partir del discurso de los actores se utiliza el software MAXQDA, que permite, tras la codificación de la información, analizar los diferentes temas y subtemas que definen las posiciones y valoraciones de los actores implicados.The content analysis is at the core of a large number of social studies. On the other hand, the stakeholder analysis has been widely used in the study of local development processes from different approaches. However, this paper aims to show the potential and advantages of content analysis based on the actors’ discourse involved in local development processes. Primary information obtained from interviews conducted with a sample of social, economic and institutional actors linked to the starting up and operation of Villonaco Wind Farm (Loja, Ecuador), has been taken as a starting point. According to the Ecuadorian government, this wind farm should have a clear projection in local development, hence the interest in the analysis of these processes using this methodological approach. Software MAXQDA is used to show the potential of content analysis. This tool allows, after the encoding process of information, to analyze the various topics and subtopics that define the positions adopted by the actors and their appraisals of the studied processes.

Assessing the strategic needs of local territorial systems (LTSs)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-491
Author(s):  
Giovanni Pino ◽  
Gianluigi Guido ◽  
Alessandro M. Peluso ◽  
Marco Pichierri
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Place Marketing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Local Areas ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Italian Province ◽  
Simultaneous Assessment ◽  
Territorial Systems

Purpose This paper aims to contribute to the literature on place marketing by focusing on the concept of strategic needs, i.e. the set of strategic priorities that a place could achieve in a medium- to long-term horizon to improve its development. Design/methodology/approach The research examines the strategic needs of four local territorial systems (LTSs), i.e. clusters of municipalities that share social, economic and spatial similarities, located in a southern Italian province, through an analysis of their competitive positioning over three temporal instants. Findings For each LTS, the analysis identified a number of development goals that local policymakers could pursue and the strategies most suitable to achieve the said goals. Originality/value This paper proposes a new methodological approach to set the development goals of local areas based on the simultaneous assessment of their attractiveness and competitive capacity.

Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) for Climate Change

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zili Yang ◽  
Yi-Ming Wei ◽  
Zhifu Mi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Integrated Assessment ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Climate Change Research ◽  
Integrated Assessment Models

Integrated assessment models (IAMs) for climate change refers to a broad category of research approaches in climate change. Climate change is the most complicated global environmental problem. By the very nature of climate change, research has to be interdisciplinary and multifaceted. IAM is the mainstream methodological approach in climate change research. Most researchers in climate change utilize IAMs directly or indirectly. IAMs draw knowledge and strengths from various disciplines related to climate change; contributions from each discipline rely on the mathematical representations of certain relationships connected to climate change; disciplinary components are linked through a unified modeling platform(s). In particular, IAMs for climate change usually involve social-economic components as well as natural sciences components. The key linkages in IAM platforms are anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in climate systems and climate change impacts on social-economic systems. The outputs of IAMs are numerical simulation results based on assumptions, historical data, and scenario designs. IAMs are widely used in assessing various GHG mitigation policies and climate impacts. In fact, conclusions in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Assessment Reports are drawn substantially from numerous IAMs. IAMs for climate change started in the late 1980s. Since then, IAMs for climate change have developed into a full-fledged interdisciplinary research field that involves hundreds of models, thriving online resources, and thousands of academic publications and policy reports around the world. IAM for climate change, as an interdisciplinary research approach, has received recognition by mainstream disciplines. The Dynamic Integrated model of Climate and the Economy (DICE) and the Regional Integrated model of Climate and the Economy (RICE)—two IAMs for climate change—are part of the core contributions in William Nordhaus’s Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 2018.

scholarly journals The linguistics in othering: Teacher educators’ talk about cultural diversity

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Birgitta Nilsen ◽  
Sandra Fylkesnes ◽  
Sølvi Mausethagen
Keyword(s):  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Linguistic Awareness ◽  
Binary Oppositions

‘Othering’ can be conceptually defined as the manner in which social group dichotomies are represented in language via binary oppositions of ‘us’ and ‘them’. The article aims to contribute to a methodological approach for differentiating the concept of othering in educational settings. We will introduce new ways of conceptualising othering based on findings from an empirical critical discourse analytical study of how teacher educators talk about the term ‘cultural diversity’. The study is based on transcriptions of interviews with Norwegian teacher educators. The findings illustrate that teacher educators talk about cultural diversity using seven different ways of othering. These ways of othering are important because teacher educators’ discourses influence preservice teachers, in turn, influencing their future teaching in schools. We argue that a critical linguistic awareness of the ways in which pupils are ‘othered’ is an important tool in counteracting social exclusion and promoting social justice and equity.

scholarly journals PEMBENTUKAN HUKUM DALAM PERSPEKTIF PEMBARUAN HUKUM

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Zainal Arifin Hoesein
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Legal Reform ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Law ◽  
Methodological Aspects

<p>Materi muatan hukum selayaknya mampu menangkap aspirasi masyarakat yang tumbuh dan berkembang bukan hanya yang bersifat kekinian, melainkan sebagai acuan dalam mengan Ɵ sipasi perkembangan sosial, ekonomi, budaya dan poli Ɵ k di masa depan. Norma hukum pada dasarnya inheren dengan nilai-nilai yang diyakini oleh masyarakat, tetapi daya kekuatan keberlakuan hukum, Ɵ dak dapat melepaskan diri dari kelembagaan kekuasaan, sehingga hukum, masyarakat dan kekuasaan merupakan unsur dari suatu tatanan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, Hukum Ɵ dak sekedar dipahami sebagai norma yang menjamin kepasa Ɵ an dan keadilan tetapi juga harus dilihat dari perspek Ɵ f kemanfaatan. Oleh karena itu, maka pembentukan hukum dalam perspek Ɵ f pembaruan hukum harus difokuskan pada dua hal yaitu, sistem hukum dan budaya hukum. Tulisan ini akan membahas bagaimana idealisasi peraturan perundang-undangan; bagaimana fungsi peraturan perundang-undangan dalam pembangunan hukum; dan bagaimana pendekatan metodologis terhadap pembentukan hukum. Dari berbagai pembahasan tersebut disimpulkan bahwa pembentukan hukum dalam perspek Ɵ f pembaharuan hukum, di samping harus memperha Ɵ kan aspek metodologis, juga harus merujuk dan meletakkan norma hukum dalam kesatuan harmoni ver Ɵ kal dengan aspek teologis, ontologis, posi Ɵ vis Ɵ k dan aspek fungsional dari suatu norma hukum.</p><p>The substance of the law should be able to capture the aspira Ɵ ons of the people who grow and develop not only be present, but as a reference in an Ɵ cipa Ɵ on of the social, economic, cultural and poli Ɵ cal future. The rule of law is essen Ɵ ally inherent to the values that are believed by the public, but the validity of the power of the law, not to break away from the ins Ɵ tu Ɵ onal power, so the law, society and power is an element of a society. Therefore, the law does not merely understood as a norm that ensures certainty and jus Ɵ ce but also to be seen from the perspec Ɵ ve of expediency. Therefore, the legal establishment in the perspec Ɵ ve of legal reform should be focused on two things, namely, the legal system and legal culture. This paper will discuss how the idealiza Ɵ on of laws, how the laws func Ɵ on in the development of the law, and how the methodological approach to the legal establishment. It was concluded that the forma Ɵ on of the law in the perspec Ɵ ve of legal reform, in addi Ɵ on must pay a Ʃ en Ɵ on to methodological aspects, should also refer to and put the rule of law in the unity of ver Ɵ cal harmony with aspects of the theological, ontological, posi Ɵ vist and func Ɵ onal aspects of the rule of law.</p>

scholarly journals Accepting the 'Other': Immigrants in Israeli children's literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 440-446
Author(s):  
Moshe Yitzhaki
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Psychological Problem ◽  
Holy Land ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Value System ◽  
Patriarchal Family ◽  
Life Habits ◽  
Special Case

Israel is known as a typical immigration country, to which millions of people have immigrated throughout the last 130 years. The various problems encountered by immigrants in a new country, regardless of its geographical location, have been documented in detail by sociologists and anthropologists as well as by writers of novels and children's books. Inevitably, there are considerable social, economic, cultural, and sometimes religious differences between the immigrants and veteran residents. Much of the new-comer's resources are devoted to overcoming these difficulties. Admittedly, a negative attitude towards new-comers has probably been a natural human reaction, especially if the latter differ in color, culture, customs and life habits. The incoming stranger is perceived as a threat to the existing society, its cohesion, values and hierarchy. When these differences couple with fears of competition over jobs, housing etc., the negative attitude, intensifies, and may lead to alienation, derision, rejection, and sometimes even to aggression and violence (Regev, 1990). However, in the special case of Israel certain unique factors were supposed to counter these natural human emotions. Many Israelis view the last century's immigration to the Holy Land not merely as a migration of people, but as the fulfillment of an ancient biblical prophecy, a crucial step towards the ultimate redemption. Thus, the successful absorption of immigrants in the Holy Land is also considered a religious duty, besides serving to strengthen the young country. An existing population of 600,000 in 1948 had to absorb millions of immigrants, whose absorption often involved economical, sociological and psychological problems, resulting of mentality and culture gaps.The huge immigrants waves following statehood exposed a discrepancy between the official government policy which considered immigration the most important national task, and the indifference of many people. In the course of the mass immigration those responsible for their absorption developed negative stereotypes and a patronizing attitude, considering the new-comers inferior in culture, needing to discard their former tradition and customs, and adapt the surrounding culture. Ignoring immigrants different sociological and cultural background, the absorbers decided to determine their new value system and to reeducate them. The worst psychological problem for immigrants from developing countries was the disintegration of the traditional patriarchal-family framework, and the confrontation with modern competitive reality (Naor M & Giladi D, 1990).

Theoretical and Methodological Approach to Rural Life Support Research

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
A.V. Turyanskiy ◽  
◽  
I.N. Merenkova ◽  
A.I. Dobrunova ◽  
A.A. Sidorenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Rural Life ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Support Research

The article justifies the need for a theoretical and methodological approach to the study of the life support of rural residents as a system that takes into account social, economic, environmental and institutional specifics. A model of life support of the rural population characterizing the structure of its components is presented. A methodological approach has been proposed and a system of indicators has been defined linking the use of resources to meet the basic needs of rural residents and the quality of their lives. Rural areas of the region were typed according to the level of life support of the population, which allowed to identify the degree of their differentiation.

scholarly journals Abandoned Railways, Renewed Pathways: Opportunities for Accessing Landscapes

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 424-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Oppido ◽  
Stefania Ragozino
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
International Competition ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Historical Resources ◽  
Competition Of Ideas ◽  
Regeneration Processes

The abandonment of railway lines and station buildings is the outcome of social, economic and technological developments that have changed the local infrastructure systems. Unlike many European nations, in Italy the strategic role of these resources is still undervalued.The paper proposes a methodological approach aimed at achieving the valorisation of railways and station buildings network through integrated actions. The disused railways are potential new pathways and the abandoned stations provide available spaces for new activities, supporting sustainable local development and regeneration processes. Considering disused railways and stations as integrated parts of a system, they can improve the accessibility of environmental, cultural and historical resources network.The proposed methodological approach identifies categories of variables adopting to face up to the case of the disused railway of Cancello-Torre Annunziata in the South of Italy. The International Competition of ideas "Green Boulevard - Parkways of the 3rd millennium" has been the occasion to confront with the research object through a planning testing that has successfully proved and won an award.

scholarly journals Unburnable and Unleakable Carbon in Western Amazon: Using VIIRS Nightfire Data to Map Gas Flaring and Policy Compliance in the Yasuní Biosphere Reserve

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Facchinelli ◽  
Salvatore Eugenio Pappalardo ◽  
Daniele Codato ◽  
Alberto Diantini ◽  
Giuseppe Della Fera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Associated Gas ◽  
Gas Flaring ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
Environmental Technologies

In the Amazon Rainforest, a unique post-carbon plan to mitigate global warming and to protect the exceptional bio-cultural diversity was experimented in 2007–2013 by the Ecuadorian government. To preserve the rainforest ecosystems within the Yasuní-ITT oil block, the release of 410 million metric tons of CO2 would have been avoided. The neologism “yasunization” emerged as an Amazonian narrative on “unburnable carbon” to be replicated worldwide. Considering the unburnable carbon, petroleum-associated gas flaring represents the unleakable part. Flaring is an irrational practice that consists of burning waste gases, representing not only a leak of energy but also a pollution source. The general aim of the paper is to monitor gas flaring as a tool, revealing, at the same time, the implementation of environmental technologies in the oil sector and the compliance of sustainable policies in the Amazon region and the Yasuní Biosphere Reserve. Specific objectives are: (i) identifying and estimating gas flaring over seven years (2012–2018); (ii) mapping new flaring sites; iii) estimating potentially affected areas among ecosystems and local communities. We processed National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Nightfire annual dataset, based on the elaboration of imagery from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) and developed a GIS-based novel simple method to identify new flaring sites from daily detections. We found that 23.5% of gas flaring sites and 18.4% of volumes of all oil industries operating in Ecuador are located within the Yasuní Biosphere Reserve (YBR). Moreover, we detected 34 additional flaring sites not included in the NOAA dataset—12 in the YBR and one in Tiputini field, a key area for biological and cultural diversity conservation. We also found that at least 10 indigenous communities, 18 populated centers and 10 schools are located in the potentially affected area. Gas flaring can be used as a policy indicator to monitor the implementation of sustainable development practices in complex territories.

scholarly journals Linking Biophysical and Economic Assessments of Ecosystem Services for a Social–Ecological Approach to Conservation Planning: Application in a Biosphere Reserve (Biscay, Spain)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nekane Castillo-Eguskitza ◽  
María F. Schmitz ◽  
Miren Onaindia ◽  
Alejandro J. Rescia
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Ecological Planning ◽  
Social Ecological

The search for a balance between nature conservation and sustainable development remains a scientific and spatial planning challenge. In social-ecological systems based on traditional rural activities and associated with protected areas, this balance is particularly complex. Quantifying the economic impact of land use changes on ecosystem services can be useful to advise policy makers and improving social-ecological sustainability. In this study, we evaluated the land use changes in a time series and estimated the monetary value of the ecosystem services of the Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve (Biscay, Spain). In addition, we linked the monetary and biophysical values of land uses in each zoning units of the reserve, in order to identify the spatial adjustment between both assessments. Results showed that land use changes have clearly homogenized the landscape without substantially affecting its economic value. The methodological approach allowed detection that the reserve zoning was performed based more on its biophysical values than on economic ones. Thus, evident divergences between the biophysical and economic assessments were found. The core area was the one that had the highest coincidences (medium values) between both ecosystem services assessments, which highlights its importance not only in biophysical terms, is also economical. The procedure followed proved to be a useful tool to social-ecological planning and design of specific conservation strategies for the sustainable development of the area.

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