scholarly journals Two-Stage Continuous Process for the Extraction of Silica from Rice Husk Using Attrition Ball Milling and Alkaline Leaching Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7350
Author(s):  
Ji Yeon Park ◽  
Yang Mo Gu ◽  
Seon Young Park ◽  
Ee Taek Hwang ◽  
Byoung-In Sang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ball Milling ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Alkaline Leaching ◽  
Leaching Methods

A two-stage continuous process was developed for improved silica extraction from rice husk. The two-stage continuous process consists of attrition ball milling and alkaline leaching methods. To find the optimum conditions for the continuous process, the effects of alkaline leaching parameters, such as the alkaline solution type and reaction conditions, on the silica extraction yield were investigated in a batch process. The use of NaOH showed a slightly higher silica yield than KOH. The optimum reaction conditions were found to be 0.2 M, 80 °C, 3 h, and 6% (w/v) for the reaction concentration, temperature, duration time, and solid content, respectively. Attrition ball milling was used to make micron-sized rice husk particles and to improve the fluidity of the rice husk slurry. The two-stage continuous process was performed using optimum conditions as determined based on the results of the batch experiment. The two-stage continuous extraction was stably operated for 80 h with an 89% silica yield. During the operation, the solid content remained consistent at 6% (w/v). The obtained silica was characterized using inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method.

Using cheese whey for hydrogen and methane generation in a two-stage continuous process with alternative pH controlling approaches

2009 ◽  
Vol 100 (15) ◽  
pp. 3713-3717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Venetsaneas ◽  
Georgia Antonopoulou ◽  
Katerina Stamatelatou ◽  
Michael Kornaros ◽  
Gerasimos Lyberatos
Keyword(s):  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Methane Generation

scholarly journals Optimal Conditions For Production Acidic D-Xylanase By Aspergillus niger in Submerged Fermentation

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Muhamed Omar Abdulatif ◽  
Hyder H. Assmaeel ◽  
Raghad kadhim Obeid ◽  
Ayat Adnan Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Primary Isolation ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Optimum Period

he Xylanase producing strain Aspergillus niger was isolated from soil on potato dextrose agar in the presence of xylan as its first substrate for primary isolation, and then grown under liquid medium fermentation in the presence of crude xylan (rice husk) to produce D-Xylanase. the optimum conditions were determined as follows: the Optimum pH for xylanase production was found pH 5.0, xylanase was induced by xylan (rice husk) 0.1% and the production was (61.221 U/ml) and nitrogen source Yeast extract recorded highest enzyme production( 89.71 U/ml), and repressed by carbon source xylose the highest enzyme production (88.69 U/ml). The optimum temperature was 40°с for xylanase production was (35.15 U/ml), the optimum period after 7 days of incubation was (52.33 U/ml) ,the optimum substrate concentration 0.1% was (45.95 U/ml), and the optimum inoculum size was 1 x 106 (spore /ml) recorded (57.19 U/ml ).

scholarly journals KUALITAS PAPAN PARTIKEL BERDASARKAN KOMPOSISI SEKAM PADI DAN KAYU SENGON DENGAN VARIASI KADAR PEREKAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dendi Prayoga ◽  
. Dirhamsyah ◽  
. Nurhaida
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Particle Board ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Wood Processing

This research aimed to examine the physical and mechanical properties of particle boards based on the composition of raw materials and adhesive content and know the treatment of the composition of raw materials and the best adhesive content and meet the standard JIS A 5908-2003. The research was conducted at Wood Workshop Laboratory, Wood Processing Laboratory Faculty of Forestry,Tanjungpura University and Laboratory of PT. Duta Pertiwi Nusantara Pontianak. The adhesive used is Urea Formaldehyde with 52% Solid Content. Comparison of the composition of rice husks and sengon varies namely rice husk 50%: sengon 50%, rice husk 60%: sengon 40% and rice husk 70%: sengon 30%  and variations in the levels of UF adhesives, namely 14% and 16%, with target density 0,7 gr/cm3. The particleboard was 30 cm x 30 cm x 1 cm Pressing at temperature 140oC for 8 minutes, with  pressure of 25 kg/cm2. The research results of the study of density and moisture content meet the standards JIS A 5908-2003. The best particle values of rice husk and sengon  with composition a ratio of  rice husk 50%: sengon 50% , 16% adhesive content  16%, with density value of  0,7072 gr/cm3, moisture content 9,1949 %, thick development 12,3210 %, water absorption 68,8270 %, MOE 12110,7273 kg/cm2, MOR 161,0025 kg/cm2, firmness sticky 1,9320 kg/cm2, screw holding strength 62,3124 kg.Keywords : adhesive, composition, particle board, rice husk, sengon

scholarly journals Synthesis of NdAlO3 Nanoparticles and Evaluation of the Catalytic Capacity for Biodiesel Synthesis

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dionicio-Navarrete ◽  
Arrieta-Gonzalez ◽  
Quinto-Hernandez ◽  
Casales-Diaz ◽  
Zuñiga-Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Catalyst Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Biodiesel Synthesis ◽  
Dta Analysis ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Catalytic Capacity

Biodiesel synthesis was carried out via heterogeneous catalysis of canola oil with nanoparticles of a mixed oxide based on rare earths. The catalyst synthesis (NdAlO3) was carried out based on the method proposed by Pechini for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Thermogravimetric analysis-differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA) analysis was performed on the nanoparticle precursor gel in order to establish the optimum conditions for its calcination, with these being of 800 °C over 24 h. A pure NdAlO3 compound with an approximate size of 100 nm was obtained. The products of the transesterification reaction were analyzed using gas chromatography, FTIR, and NMR. The optimum reaction conditions were determined, namely, the temperature effect, reaction time, methanol:oil mass ratio, and recyclability of the catalyst. These studies showed the following optimal conditions: 200 °C, 5 h, methanol:oil mass ratio of 6:1, and a constant decrease in the catalytic activity of the catalyst was observed for up to six reuses, which later remained constant at around a 50% conversion rate. The maximum biodiesel yield obtained with the optimum conditions was around 75%. Analysis of the reaction products showed that the residual oil showed a chemical composition different from that of the source oil, and that both the biodiesel and glycerol obtained were of high purity.

A two stage continuous process for the production of thermogelable curdlan-type exopolysaccharide

1982 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 689-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Lawford ◽  
K. Railton Phillips ◽  
G. R. Lawford
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Process ◽  
Two Stage

Furfural production from rice husk using sulfuric acid and a solid acid catalyst through a two-stage process

2012 ◽  
Vol 359 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren Suxia ◽  
Xu Haiyan ◽  
Zhu Jinling ◽  
Li Shunqing ◽  
He Xiaofeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
Furfural Production

scholarly journals DERA in Flow: Synthesis of a Statin Side Chain Precursor in Continuous Flow Employing Deoxyribose-5-Phosphate Aldolase Immobilized in Alginate-Luffa Matrix

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Grabner ◽  
Yekaterina Pokhilchuk ◽  
Heidrun Gruber-Woelfler
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Inexpensive Method ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Flow Process ◽  
Artery Disease

Statins, cholesterol-lowering drugs used for the treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD), are among the top 10 prescribed drugs worldwide. However, the synthesis of their characteristic side chain containing two chiral hydroxyl groups can be challenging. The application of deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase (DERA) is currently one of the most promising routes for the synthesis of this side chain. Herein, we describe the development of a continuous flow process for the biosynthesis of a side chain precursor. Design of experiments (DoE) was used to optimize the reaction conditions (pH value and temperature) in batch. A pH of 7.5 and a temperature of 32.5 °C were identified to be the optimal process settings within the reaction space considered. Additionally, an immobilization method was developed using the alginate-luffa matrix (ALM), which is a fast, simple, and inexpensive method for enzyme immobilization. Furthermore, it is non-toxic, biodegradable, and from renewable resources. The final continuous process was operated stable for 4 h and can produce up to 4.5 g of product per day.

Effect of Water-Resistance Agent on the Performance and Surface Sizing Behavior of Styrene Acrylate Emulsion (SAE)

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 3323-3330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Feng Xu ◽  
Ling Long ◽  
Hui Ren Hu ◽  
Yan Bo
Keyword(s):  
Water Resistance ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Relative Viscosity ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Surface Sizing ◽  
Cationic Monomer ◽  
Acrylate Emulsion ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Trimethoxy Silane

A series of starch-based styrene acrylate emulsion (SAE) modified with water-resistance agent were prepared by introducing rosin, organosilane(γ-amino propyl triethoxysilane (KH550), γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)-propytrimethoxysilane(KH560) and γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane (KH570) as the functional monomer, respectively. In the reaction, starch(CS-8), which is low relative viscosity, was used as the emulsifier and dispersant. The optimum conditions of the reaction had especially been studied by orthogonal experiment and then the emulsion properties and surface sizing behaviors of the SAE modified with different kinds of water-resistance agents were compared. Finally, the products which had excellent properties were characterized and the sizing performance was investigated. The results showed that the excellent performance and good sizing effects of styrene acrylate emulsion (SAE) were achieved when the reaction conditions were as follows: rosin was selected as the water resistance-agent with the dosage of 2%(wt), the reaction temperature was 88°C, the mass ratio of St and BA was 9:11, the stirring speed was 130 round per minute and the dosage of initiator (APS), cationic monomer (DM) and CS-8 was 0.5%, 2%(wt) and 7%, respectively. The water-resistance properties of starch-based SAE were significantly improved by using rosin as the water-resistance agent and the surface sizing performance were better than that of the commercial AKD.

On the spectrophotometric determination of with 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lumír Sommer ◽  
Eva Šamlotová
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Sodium Sulphate ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Masking Agents ◽  
Triton X ◽  
Sulphosalicylic Acid

2-(5-Bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (5-Br-PADAP) is a suitable reagent for the spectrophotometric determination of uranium but results are easily influenced by the reaction conditions as well as various common ions and masking agents. Optimum conditions, which must be carefully maintained, are 30% (v/v) dimethylformamide, 0.1% triton X-100, ≥ 8 × 10−5 M 5-Br-PADAP, 8 × 10−2 M triethanolamine, 7 × 10−3 M sodium fluoride, 10−2 M 5-sulphosalicylic acid, and 579 nm. Sodium sulphate (10−2 M) and CDTA (5.7 × 10−3 M) may serve as additional masking agents. A previous separation of uranium by extraction with 0.1 M tri-n-octylamine in benzene from 4 M HCl and re-extraction of 0.3 M HCl is recommended for analysis of natural water samples.

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