scholarly journals Farmers’ Perceived Vulnerability and Proactive versus Reactive Climate Change Adaptation in Chile’s Maule Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9907
Author(s):  
Alejandra Engler ◽  
Marieke L. Rotman ◽  
P. Marijn Poortvliet
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Perceived Vulnerability

Changes in climatic conditions are unavoidable and irreversible and an early and effective adaptation in farming systems will be vital for resilient agriculture. Although the extant literature has described factors that explain climate change adaptation, the roles of proactive versus reactive adaptation related to perceived vulnerability are still underexplored. The aim of our study was to open a new angle of discussion by linking farmers’ perceptions of vulnerability with their adaptation response, and exploring the dynamic of such a relationship. Semi-structured interviews with farmers were held in the Maule Region of central Chile (n = 36). The interview included questions o about main agricultural challenges, perceptions of climate change and its impact, adaptation strategies, and perceptions of vulnerability, exposure, sensitivity, and ability to adapt. In order to interpret the interview data, a content analysis procedure was followed. The results indicate that farmers respond differently by either engaging in proactive or reactive adaptation behavior. Furthermore, the patterns of either proactive or reactive adaptation behavior can be explained by structural factors and social and human capital. While structural factors, such as production systems and financial capital, explain engaging in adaptation to climate change, social and human capital act as enhancing factors that explain proactive adaptation. Future policies on adaptation behavior should focus on promoting proactive forms of adaptation behavior by developing and enhancing social connections and access to information, as well as on the provision of financial schemes to enable efficient and effective adaptation within the agricultural sector.

scholarly journals Adapting Cultural Heritage to Climate Change Risks: Perspectives of Cultural Heritage Experts in Europe

Geosciences ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Sesana ◽  
Alexandre Gagnon ◽  
Chiara Bertolin ◽  
John Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Participatory Workshop ◽  
Climate Change Risks ◽  
The Uk

Changes in rainfall patterns, humidity, and temperature, as well as greater exposure to severe weather events, has led to the need for adapting cultural heritage to climate change. However, there is limited research accomplished to date on the process of adaptation of cultural heritage to climate change. This paper examines the perceptions of experts involved in the management and preservation of cultural heritage on adaptation to climate change risks. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were conducted with experts from the UK, Italy, and Norway as well as a participatory workshop with stakeholders. The results indicate that the majority of interviewees believe that adaptation of cultural heritage to climate change is possible. Opportunities for, barriers to, and requirements for adapting cultural heritage to climate change, as perceived by the interviewees, provided a better understanding of what needs to be provided and prioritized for adaptation to take place and in its strategic planning. Knowledge of management methodologies incorporating climate change impacts by the interviewees together with best practice examples in adapting cultural heritage to climate change are also reported. Finally, the interviewees identified the determinant factors for the implementation of climate change adaptation. This paper highlights the need for more research on this topic and the identification and dissemination of practical solutions and tools for the incorporation of climate change adaptation in the preservation and management of cultural heritage.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Study on Concerns, Needs, and Expectations of Hospital Patients Related to Climate Change: Arguments for a Patient-Centered Adaptation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6105
Author(s):  
Benedikt Lenzer ◽  
Christina Hoffmann ◽  
Peter Hoffmann ◽  
Ursula Müller-Werdan ◽  
Manuel Rupprecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Centered Care

This study explores the concerns, needs, and expectations of inpatients with the goal to develop a patient-centered climate change adaptation agenda for hospitals. Statements of patients from geriatrics, internal medicine, psychiatry, and surgery (N = 25) of a German tertiary care hospital were analyzed using semi-structured interviews and the framework method. Areas of future adaptation were elaborated in joint discussions with transdisciplinary experts. Concerns included the foresight of severe health problems. The requested adaptations comprised the change to a patient-centered care, infrastructural improvements including air conditioning, and adjustments of the workflows. Guidelines for the behavior of patients and medical services appropriate for the climatic conditions were demanded. The patient-centered agenda for adaptation includes the steps of partnering with patients, reinforcing heat mitigation, better education for patients and medical staff, and adjusting work processes. This is the first study demonstrating that hospital patients are gravely concerned and expect adjustments according to climate change. Since heat is seen as a major risk by interviewees, the fast implementation of published recommendations is crucial. By synthesizing inpatients’ expectations with scientific recommendations, we encourage patient-centered climate change adaptation. This can be the start for further collaboration with patients to create climate change resilient hospitals.

Associations Between Climate, Ecosystems, and Ecosystem Services in the Pre-Sahara

2022 ◽  
pp. 1351-1373
Author(s):  
Abdelkrim Ben Salem ◽  
Souad Ben Salem ◽  
Mohammed Yacoubi Khebiza ◽  
Awatif Zine Elabidine
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Extensive List ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

This chapter focuses on the richness and wide variety of Sub-Saharan ecosystems particularly in the region of Tafilalet, Morocco. The Tafilalet ecosystems provide an extensive list of goods (see below) to the region, as well as “ecosystem services” for the inhabitants. However, in the last 30 years, these ecosystems are threatened by conjugated impacts of climate change and human overuse of the nature resources. The primary objective of this chapter is to evaluate both the damage inflicted on Tafilalet ecosystems and the associated ecosystem services due to climate change. Adaptation to climate change is of paramount importance to keep the survival of the diversity of Tafilalet ecosystems including agro-ecosystems, forests, and inland waters. Adaptation is a process to reduce the vulnerability of people to prevent displacement and conflict for scarce ecosystem services. The findings of this chapter show that a large number of ecosystem services of the region are limited by climatic conditions that affect the resilience of the whole oasis of Tafilalet.

scholarly journals Adaptation of Wayame village Agriculture in Climate Change Through Innovative CSR Programs with The SDGs Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-154
Author(s):  
Ika Bayu Kartikasari ◽  
Paulus Oberto ◽  
Muhamad Jauhari ◽  
Dyah Ayu Pujiatikinasih
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
Weather Changes ◽  
The Village

Climate change is a phenomenon of erratic weather changes caused by conditions of temperature and rainfall. Based on this phenomenon, agriculture is the sector that has the most impact on climate change due to decreased productivity of food crops. This can be seen from the increasing number of pests and plant diseases being planted. If this problem continues, the economic income of the farmers will decline and tend to experience a food crisis. Therefore, Pertamina MOR VIII entered the community by overcoming problems that occurred through the CSR program. The CSR program carried out by the Kranjang Hamlet farmer group is based on climate change conditions and the SDGs concept. In the agricultural sector, there are several SDGs indicators that intersect, such as freedom from hunger, a healthy and prosperous life, the need for clean water, and the handling of climate change. Kranjang Hamlet, which is located in Wayame Village, is a hamlet located in the Ambon Islands District which is vulnerable to climate change. Because of this vulnerability, Adaptation is carried out to answer problems that occur in the village. By looking at some of these problems, the purpose of this study is to determine (1) community behavior in facing climate change, (2) CSR programs regarding climate change adaptation, and (3) Application of community CSR programs based on SDGs. The results of the research found were (1) The community's knowledge regarding climate change was relatively low, (2) The realization of the achievement of SDGs 1 in responding to community needs, especially for farmer groups (3) To achieve SDGs 2, the Company has provided training to improve community adaptation to climate change such as goat livestock as a substitute for non-organic fertilizers, training in composting from livestock manure, and training in the prevention of agricultural diseases or pests organized by the company. (4) In achieving SDGs 3 and SDGs 6, it is done by making hydram pumps to irrigate agriculture and the community's need for clean water. The conclusion of this study is that the company has provided a CSR program to the people of Wayame Village to meet the needs of the Village farmer groups. So that the community has the capacity to see and understand the climate change adaptation process in the agricultural sector in Wayame Village.

Associations Between Climate, Ecosystems, and Ecosystem Services in the Pre-Sahara

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-44
Author(s):  
Abdelkrim Ben Salem ◽  
Souad Ben Salem ◽  
Mohammed Yacoubi Khebiza ◽  
Awatif Zine Elabidine
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Extensive List ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

This chapter focuses on the richness and wide variety of Sub-Saharan ecosystems particularly in the region of Tafilalet, Morocco. The Tafilalet ecosystems provide an extensive list of goods (see below) to the region, as well as “ecosystem services” for the inhabitants. However, in the last 30 years, these ecosystems are threatened by conjugated impacts of climate change and human overuse of the nature resources. The primary objective of this chapter is to evaluate both the damage inflicted on Tafilalet ecosystems and the associated ecosystem services due to climate change. Adaptation to climate change is of paramount importance to keep the survival of the diversity of Tafilalet ecosystems including agro-ecosystems, forests, and inland waters. Adaptation is a process to reduce the vulnerability of people to prevent displacement and conflict for scarce ecosystem services. The findings of this chapter show that a large number of ecosystem services of the region are limited by climatic conditions that affect the resilience of the whole oasis of Tafilalet.

DISSEMINATION AND USE OF INFORMATION ON CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY: A CASE STUDY OF FARMERS IN MALUGA AND CHIBELA VILLAGES IN SEMI-ARID CENTRAL TANZANIA

Mousaion ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Elia ◽  
Stephen Mutula ◽  
Christine Stilwell
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Semi Arid

This study was part of broader PhD research which investigated how access to, and use of, information enhances adaptation to climate change and variability in the agricultural sector in semi-arid Central Tanzania. The research was carried out in two villages using Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovations theory and model to assess the dissemination of this information and its use by farmers in their adaptation of their farming practices to climate change and variability. This predominantly qualitative study employed a post-positivist paradigm. Some elements of a quantitative approach were also deployed in the data collection and analysis. The principal data collection methods were interviews and focus group discussions. The study population comprised farmers, agricultural extension officers and the Climate Change Adaptation in Africa project manager. Qualitative data were subjected to content analysis whereas quantitative data were analysed to generate mostly descriptive statistics using SPSS.  Key findings of the study show that farmers perceive a problem in the dissemination and use of climate information for agricultural development. They found access to agricultural inputs to be expensive, unreliable and untimely. To mitigate the adverse effects of climate change and variability on farming effectively, the study recommends the repackaging of current and accurate information on climate change and variability, farmer education and training, and collaboration between researchers, meteorology experts, and extension officers and farmers. Moreover, a clear policy framework for disseminating information related to climate change and variability is required.

scholarly journals Attitude Changes of Stakeholders towards Climate Change Adaptation Policies in Agricultural Sector by Online Deliberation

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Kenshi Baba ◽  
Eri Amanuma ◽  
Motoko Kosugi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Online Deliberation ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Adaptation Policies ◽  
Attitude Changes

This study set up online virtual communities consisting of farmers and stakeholders involved in agriculture and nonfarmers living in rural areas interested in agricultural production. We conducted a deliberation within the communities for 14 days on identifying important climate change adaptation policies for 30 years later under climate change impacts with the relevant knowledge from experts. During the deliberation, after self-introduction took place including the realization of climate change impacts, the participants were provided with the expert knowledge on impacts of climate change, adaptation policies in agricultural sector and so on, then the following discussions covered issues such as the distribution of agricultural produce, insufficient successors, and support for farmers, such as impacts on crops during disasters concerning future scenarios. Attitude changes before and after deliberation were observed in terms of the pros and cons of climate change adaptation policies in agriculture and rural areas, but statistically significant differences were not observed. On the other hand, a statistically significant change was observed in some determinants of the pros and cons, such as the perceived effectiveness and goal intention. This structural change results from that the participants became aware of a different perspective through deliberation. Thus, the online deliberation process was effective to some extent in increasing knowledge and promoting deeper understanding among participants during inquiry and reasoning was deepened in the process as they listened to the opinions of others in a different position with a different idea as well as read and search for scientific findings and information provided by experts.

Farmers’ Capacity and Rice Productivity in Climate Change Adaptation in Central Lampung Regency, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-353
Author(s):  
Indah Listiana ◽  
Indah Nurmayasari ◽  
Rinaldi Bursan ◽  
Muher Sukmayanto ◽  
Helvi Yanfika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Rice Productivity ◽  
Spearman Rank Correlation Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Climate change is an extreme natural change condition due to global warming that cannot be avoided, and will have a broad impact on various aspects of life, including the agricultural sector. The impact of climate change that occurs in the agricultural sector, namely flood and drought that cause plants to crop failure , is becoming greater, causing significant reduction in agricultural production, especially rice, requiring that farmers have the ability to adapt to climate change. The purposes of this study are to analyze the relationship between the performance level of agricultural extension workers and the capacity level of farmers in regard to climate change adaptation, and to analyze the relationship between the level of farmer capacity in climate change adaptation and rice productivity. The research was conducted in Central Lampung Regency in 2019 using a total of 100 rice farmers. The data analysis method used is Spearman rank correlation analysis. The results show that the performance level of agricultural instructors is significantly related to the level of knowledge capacity, attitude, and skills of farmers in climate change adaptation. Knowledge capacity, attitude, and skills of farmers in climate change adaptation are significantly related to rice productivity.

scholarly journals Determinants of Adaptation to Climate Change: A Gendered Analysis from Bahi and Kondoa Districts, Dodoma Region, Tanzania

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Okuli William Swai
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Land Size ◽  
Adaptation Options ◽  
Main Factor

Although various long term adaptation measures are currently implemented by farmers to adapt to the effects of climate change in Tanzania, information regarding factors determining choice of adaptation options between men and women is scarce. A gendered analysis was done to analyze determinants of adaptation to climate change in Bahi and Kondoa Districts, Dodoma Region, Tanzania. A cross-sectional research design was adopted whereby the data was collected from a sample of 360 respondents, 12 focus groups and 18 key informants. Analysis of quantitative data involved descriptive statistics and multinomial logit model using Nlogit 3.0 and qualitative data were summarized by using content analysis. Results revealed that the main occupation and land size were the main factors that determined adaptation options for men during food shortage while for women, the main factor was marital status. The village/location of respondents was the main factor that determined climate change adaptation option for women to adapt crops to climate change whereas, for men, access to agricultural knowledge was the main factor that encouraged men to use improved seeds, manure and deep cultivation, instead of selecting and keeping enough seeds for the next season. It is concluded that factors determining choice of climate change adaptation between men and women are not the same, emphasizing the need for gender differentiated interventions to promote climate change adaptation. Thus, planners and policy makers from Agriculture, Livestock and Environment sectors; Tanzania NAPA and other development practitioners dealing with climate change should use gender sensitive interventions to manage climate change.

scholarly journals Organizational adaptation to climate change: learning to anticipate energy disruptions

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 645-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato J. Orsato ◽  
Simone R. Barakat ◽  
José Guilherme F. de Campos
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organizational Adaptation ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Traditional Learning ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Double Loop Learning ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
New Forms Of Learning

Purpose This paper aims to investigate how organizational learning (OL) affects the development of anticipatory adaptation to climate change in companies. Because the need to learn increases in circumstances of greater uncertainty such as the case of climate change, one of the processes that can explain different levels of anticipatory adaptation to climate change (AACC) by companies is OL. Design/methodology/approach The research uses a case study design. Following the procedures of qualitative sampling, an exemplary case of organizational adaptation to climate change in a sector that is extremely affected by the impacts of weather events was chosen. Empirical data collection includes semi-structured interviews and the collection of private and public documents. Such data were analyzed through thematic analysis. Findings The process of OL for anticipatory adaptation to climate change presents substantial differences from the traditional OL process presented by the specialized literature. In particular, the concepts of single- and double-loop learning were challenging to fit into the learning processes required for AACC. Originality/value Organizations have historically been working towards the adaption to external unforeseen events, but anticipatory adaptation to climate change presents new challenges and requires new forms of learning. Previous research has examined the interplay between learning and climate change adaptation, especially at the inter-organizational level. By developing research at the organizational level, this paper addresses a gap in the literature and shows that the required learning to adapt to climate change differs from the traditional learning, described in the management literature.

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