scholarly journals Urban Fabrics to Eco-Friendly Blue–Green for Urban Wetland Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13745
Author(s):  
Carolina Rojas Quezada ◽  
Felipe Jorquera
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Urban Wetlands ◽  
Statistical Regression ◽  
Residential Areas

In an urbanized world, the sustainability of cities will depend on their form and urban structure. In this sense, fabrics that are compact, dense, green, and suitable for non-motorized transport methods are more environmentally efficient. For the purpose of contributing new tools to the design, urban planning, and sustainability of nature in residential areas, this study characterizes the urban fabrics of six urban wetlands in the Latin American city of Concepción (Chile), which is known for its blue–green spaces. In a wetland city, we model urban patterns through spatial relationship using a statistical regression model (OLS—ordinary least squares) with the urban variables of density, distance, population, housing, highways, green areas, and building permits. Concepción shows predominantly low- to medium-density fabrics, and it is not integrated with the urban wetlands. In fact, it was observed that the residential areas do not take advantage of the blue–green spaces and that the urban fabrics do not favor proximity, with a transportation network that promotes the use of cars, leading to the wetlands being inaccessible and fragmented. However, as they are still surrounded by open spaces with abundant vegetation, there are highly feasible opportunities for the future development of blue–green infrastructure.

Latin America and the environmental health movement

2018 ◽  
pp. 280-284
Author(s):  
Ana Faggi ◽  
Sylvie Nail ◽  
Carolina C. Sgobaro Zanette ◽  
Germán Tovar Corzo
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban Revitalization ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
American Cities ◽  
Environmental Inequalities ◽  
Health And Well Being

Although Latin American cities, on the whole, suffer from haphazard urbanism and environmental inequalities, concern around public health and nature has begun to emerge. Different ongoing initiatives relating to the ecosystem services of urban green attempt, among other things, to mitigate the effects of air pollution on respiratory problems. Green infrastructure across the subcontinent today offers opportunities—and represents challenges—for the implementation of policies promoting health and well-being which are emblematic of the urban revitalization process. This chapter shows some ongoing trends from Bogotá, Buenos Aires, and Curitiba, three representative cities in the region, that reflect the role of green spaces for the health and well-being of urban-dwellers in Latin American cities.

scholarly journals People’s Avoidance of Neighboring Agricultural Urban Green Infrastructure: Evidence from a Choice Experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6930
Author(s):  
Shinsuke Kyoi
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Econometrics ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Ishikawa Prefecture ◽  
Urban Green Infrastructure

This study evaluates people’s preferences regarding the proximity of their residence to agricultural urban green infrastructure (UGI), such as agricultural land and satoyama, and discusses the availability of these types of land as UGI. UGI is vital for reducing the negative environmental impacts of urban areas, as these impacts are too large to ignore. In this study, we conducted an online survey and a choice experiment to investigate people’s perceptions regarding the proximity of their residence to agricultural UGI (AUGI). The respondents of the choice experiment were 802 inhabitants of Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan, which has rich agricultural resources. To examine explicitly the spatial autocorrelation of people’s preferences, in this study, we used the spatial econometrics method. The main empirical findings are that people prefer agricultural land far away from their residence—more than 1000 m, not within 1000 m—which reflects the not-in-my-backyard phenomenon. Meanwhile, people’s preferences regarding proximity to satoyama are complicated and their preferences are positively spatially autocorrelated. The results indicate that policymakers and urban planners should manage and provide AUGI far away from residential areas; otherwise, they must address people’s avoidance of neighboring AUGI.

scholarly journals Spatial Economics, Urban Informatics, and Transport Accessibility

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-132
Author(s):  
Ying Jin
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Econometrics ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Transport Accessibility ◽  
City Regions ◽  
Intellectual Context ◽  
Central Pillar

AbstractOne central pillar in the development of urban science which is key to the development of simulation of models of urban structure is spatial econometrics. In this chapter, we outline the way in which ideas pertaining to accessibility which we define conventionally, as in transport economics, as the relative nearness and size of locations to one another, can be embedded in a wider econometric framework. We are thus able to explore how GDP (gross domestic product) of different locations is influenced by different spatial investments. To illustrate this, we first outline the intellectual context, followed by a review of the most relevant econometric models. We examine the data required for such models and look at various quantifications in terms of elasticities of business productivity with respect to transport accessibility, using ordinary least squares, time-series fixed effects, and a range of dynamic panel-data models which narrow down the valid range of estimates. We then show how the model is applied to Guangdong province (with its connections to Hong Kong and Macau), which is one of the three major mega-city regions and a leading adopter of new technologies in China.

Transportation network and changes in urban structure: Evidence from the Jakarta Metropolitan Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 52-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Halley Yudhistira ◽  
Witri Indriyani ◽  
Andhika Putra Pratama ◽  
Yusuf Sofiyandi ◽  
Yusuf Reza Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Urban Structure

scholarly journals Assessing Nature-Based Recreation to Support Urban Green Infrastructure Planning in Trento (Italy)

Land ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Cortinovis ◽  
Grazia Zulian ◽  
Davide Geneletti
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Urban Green Infrastructure ◽  
The City

Nature-based recreation is among the most relevant ecosystem services supplied by urban green infrastructure, affecting citizens’ physical and mental wellbeing. Providing adequate green spaces for nature-based recreation is among the main goals of urban planning, but commonly-used indicators offer a partial view on the issue. Innovative methods and approaches, such as the ESTIMAP-recreation model, appear as promising ways to increase the quality of information available for decision-makers by considering both the range of green spaces that provide the service and the locally-specific demand. The article presents an application of the ESTIMAP-recreation model to the city of Trento (Italy), aimed at testing its adaptation to the local context and the potential improvements brought to urban planning. The comparison of the results with traditional indicators based on the availability and accessibility to urban parks shows significant differences in terms of priority of intervention across the city, with implications on planning decisions. The application demonstrates that innovative methods can enhance the understanding of nature-based recreation in cities beyond the focus on urban parks, revealing a wide portfolio of actions that planners can put in place to promote nature-based recreation through a multifunctional green infrastructure.

scholarly journals The Legacy Effects of Colonial and Apartheid Imprints on Urban Greening in South Africa: Spaces, Species, and Suitability

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlie M. Shackleton ◽  
N. Gwedla
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Space Distribution ◽  
Legacy Effects ◽  
Urban Greening ◽  
Urban Nature ◽  
Urban Green

Colonialism is a significant legacy across most aspects of urban form, the nature and distribution of public green spaces, and tree species composition in many cities of the Global South. However, the legacy effects of colonialism on urban green infrastructure and the uses thereof have only recently come under scrutiny. Here we collate information from South Africa on urban greening and interpret it through a colonial and apartheid legacy lens in relation to the distribution and types of urban nature found and their resonance with contemporary needs as an African country. The analysis indicates marked inequalities in public green space distribution and quality between neighborhoods designated for different race groups during the colonial and apartheid periods, which continues to be reproduced by the post-colonial (and post-apartheid) state. Additionally, in the older, former colonial neighborhoods non-native tree species dominate in parks and streets, with most of the species having been introduced during the colonial period. Such colonial introductions have left a burdensome legacy of invasive species that costs billions of Rands annually to keep in check. Lastly, the forms of nature and activities provided in public urban green spaces remains reminiscent of the colonial norm, with little recognition of African worldviews, identity and needs. We conclude in emphasizing the necessity for urban authorities and planners to address these anachronistic legacies through adopting a more inclusive and co-design approach with respect to the extent, location and types of urban nature provided, as well as the types of cultural symbols and activities permitted and promoted.

scholarly journals Citizen Science-Informed Community Master Planning: Land Use and Built Environment Changes to Increase Flood Resilience and Decrease Contaminant Exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galen Newman ◽  
Tianqi Shi ◽  
Zhen Yao ◽  
Dongying Li ◽  
Garett Sansom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Indoor Dust ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Contaminant Exposure ◽  
Industrial Land ◽  
Environment Changes

Communities adjacent to concentrated areas of industrial land use (CAILU) are exposed to elevated levels of pollutants during flood disasters. Many CAILU are also characterized by insufficient infrastructure, poor environmental quality, and socially vulnerable populations. Manchester, TX is a marginalized CAILU neighborhood proximate to several petrochemical industrial sites that is prone to frequent flooding. Pollutants from stormwater runoff discharge from industrial land uses into residential areas have created increased toxicant exposures. Working with local organizations, centers/institutes, stakeholders, and residents, public health researchers sampled air, water, indoor dust, and outdoor soil while researchers from landscape architecture and urban planning applied these findings to develop a community-scaled master plan. The plan utilizes land use and built environment changes to increase flood resiliency and decrease exposure to contaminants. Using a combination of models to assess the performance, costs, and benefits of green infrastructure and pollutant load impacts, the master plan is projected to capture 147,456 cubic feet of runoff, and create $331,400 of annual green benefits by reducing air pollution and energy use, providing pollution treatment, increase carbon dioxide sequestration, and improve groundwater replenishment. Simultaneously, there is a 41% decrease across all analyzed pollutants, reducing exposure to and transferal of toxic materials.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document