Effects of Desiccation, Water Velocity, and Nitrogen Limitation on the Growth and Nutrient Removal of Neoporphyrahaitanensis and Neoporphyradentata (Bangiales, Rhodophyta)

Seaweeds have been verified to effectively reduce the nutrients of aquaculture wastewater, and to increase the economic output when commercially valuable species are utilized. Pyropia/Porphyra/Neopyropia/Neoporphyra species are important seafood resources globally, and their growth and bioremediation capacities are affected by diverse biotic and abiotic stressors. In this study, we investigated the effects of desiccation (0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 h of air exposure), water velocity (0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 m s−1), and the nitrogen limitation period (1, 2, and 3 d) on the relative growth rates (RGR) and nutrient removal rates of Neoporphyrahaitanensis and Neoporphyradentata. The RGRs and NO3-N removal rates of the two species decreased significantly with increasing desiccation periods. A higher water velocity of 0.5 m s−1 had a greater negative impact on the RGRs and NO3-N and PO4-P removal rates than 0.1 and 0.2 m s−1. N. haitanensis exhibited a greater tolerance to water motion than N. dentata. Additionally, the RGRs and NO3-N and PO4-P removal rates were significantly different among the nitrogen limitation periods. N. haitanensis and N. dentata exhibited different nitrogen usage strategies after nitrogen limitation and recovery. These results provide valuable information relating to the excessive nutrient removal from aquaculture wastewater by Neoporphyra species.

Download Full-text

Sesuvium portulacastrum-Mediated Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Affected by Sulfadiazine in Aquaculture Wastewater

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics11010068 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 68

Author(s):

Chaoyue Zhang ◽

Dan Wang ◽

Weihong He ◽

Hong Liu ◽

Jianjun Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Community Structure ◽

Antibiotic Residues ◽

Sesuvium Portulacastrum ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Removal Rates ◽

N Removal ◽

Aquaculture Wastewater ◽

P Removal

Plant-based removal of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from water bodies is an important method for remediation of aquaculture wastewater. In order to acquire knowledge as to how antibiotic residues in wastewater might affect the microbial community and plant uptake of N and P, this study investigated N and P removal by a coastal plant Sesuvium portulacastrum L. grown in aquaculture wastewater treated with 0, 1, 5, or 50 mg/L sulfonamide antibiotics (sulfadiazine, SD) for 28 days and compared the microbial community structure between the water and rhizosphere. Results showed that SD significantly decreased N removal rates from 87.5% to 22.1% and total P removal rates from 99.6% to 85.5%. Plant fresh weights, root numbers, and moisture contents as well as activities of some enzymes in leaves were also reduced. SD changed the microbial community structure in water, but the microbial community structure in the rhizosphere was less affected by SD. The microbial diversity in water was higher than that in the rhizosphere, indicating microbial community differences. Our results showed that the commonly used antibiotic, SD, in aquaculture can inhibit plant growth, change the structure of microbial community, and reduce the capacity of S. portulacastrum plants to remove N and P from wastewater, and also raised alarm about detrimental effects of antibiotic residues in phytoremediation of wastewater.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of influent prefermentation as a unit process upon biological nutrient removal

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2003.0580 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 47 (11) ◽

pp. 9-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

T. McCue ◽

R. Shah ◽

I. Vassiliev ◽

Y.-H. Liu ◽

F.G. Eremektar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Removal ◽

Domestic Wastewater ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Biological Nutrient Removal ◽

P Availability ◽

Unit Process ◽

Design Engineers ◽

N Removal ◽

Technical Basis ◽

P Removal

The objective of this NSF sponsored research was to provide a controlled comparison of identical continuous flow biological nutrient removal (BNR) processes both with and without prefermentation in order to provide a stronger, more quantitative, technical basis for design engineers to determine the potential benefits of prefermentation to EBPR in treating domestic wastewater. Specifically, this paper focused upon the potential impacts of primary influent prefermentation upon BNR processes treating septic domestic wastewater. This study can be divided into two distinct phases - an initial bench-scale phase which treated septic P-limited (TCOD:TP>40) wastewater and a subsequent pilot-scale phase which treated septic COD-limited (TCOD:TP<40) wastewater. The following conclusions can be drawn from the results obtained to date.•Prefermentation increased both RBCOD, SBCOD and VFA content of septic domestic wastewater.•Prefermentation resulted in increased biological P removal for a highly septic, non-P limited (TCOD:TP<40:1) wastewater. However, in septic, P-limited (TCOD:TP>40:1) wastewater, changes in net P removal due to prefermentation were suppressed by limited P availability, even though P release and PHA content were affected.•Prefermentation increased specific anoxic denitrification rates for both COD and P-limited wastewaters, and in the pilot (COD-limited) study also coincided with greater system N removal.

Download Full-text

Relationship of Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nutrient Removal Rates in Constructed Wetlands

Chinese Journal of Appplied Environmental Biology ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1145.2013.00113 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 113-118

Author(s):

Meng WANG ◽

Xin XU ◽

Zhanghe CHEN

Keyword(s):

Microbial Biomass ◽

Constructed Wetlands ◽

Nutrient Removal ◽

Soil Microbial Biomass ◽

Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽

Biomass Carbon ◽

Removal Rates ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽

Relationship Of

Download Full-text

Experiences with sludge settleability in different process alternatives for nutrient removal

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1996.0321 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 33 (12) ◽

pp. 137-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kjær Andreasen ◽

Lars Sigvardsen

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Removal ◽

Plant Layout ◽

Filamentous Microorganisms ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Sludge Settleability ◽

Settling Characteristics ◽

P Removal

SVI and DSVI were measured three times at almost 100 Danish nutrient removal plants and the filamentous microorganisms were subsequently characterized in the laboratory. Information about the plant layout and the operation was collected by means of a questionnaire. In general, the sludge settleability index becomes worse by the introduction of nutrient removal. Among nutrient removal plants the best settling characteristics are found among plants with biological P removal and the poorest among the plants that perform simultaneous denitrification. When compared to iron products, aluminium products in some cases seem to reduce the filament number and improve the settling characteristics in plants that apply simultaneous precipitation for P removal. Selectors may have a positive effect on the filament number but the effect may not be enough to prevent bulking.

Download Full-text

Effect of addition of anaerobic fermented OFMSW (organic fraction of municipal solid waste) on biological nutrient removal (BNR) process: preliminary results

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1998.0078 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 327-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

P. Pavan ◽

P. Battistoni ◽

P. Traverso ◽

A. Musacco ◽

F. Cecchi

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Removal ◽

Fermentation Process ◽

Organic Waste ◽

Anaerobic Fermentation ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Biological Nutrient Removal ◽

Organic Fraction ◽

P Release ◽

Pure Methanol ◽

P Removal

The paper presents results coming from experiments on pilot scale plants about the possibility to integrate the organic waste and wastewater treatment cycles, using the light organic fraction produced via anaerobic fermentation of OFMSW as RBCOD source for BNR processes. The effluent from the anaerobic fermentation process, with an average content of 20 g/l of VFA+ lactic acid was added to wastewater to be treated in order to increase RBCOD content of about 60-70 mg/l. The results obtained in the BNR process through the addition of the effluent from the fermentation unit are presented. Significant increase of denitrification rate was obtained: 0.06 KgN-NO3/KgVSS d were denitrified in the best operative conditions studied. -Vmax shows values close to those typical of the pure methanol addition (about 0.3 KgN-NO3/KgVSS d). A considerable P release (35%) was observed in the anaerobic step of the BNR process, even if not yet a completely developed P removal process.

Download Full-text

Nitrogen removal processes in lakes of different trophic states from on-site measurements and historic data

Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1007/s00027-021-00795-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Beat Müller ◽

Raoul Thoma ◽

Kathrin B. L. Baumann ◽

Cameron M. Callbeck ◽

Carsten J. Schubert

Keyword(s):

Eutrophic Lake ◽

Oligotrophic Lake ◽

Removal Rates ◽

N Removal ◽

Central Switzerland ◽

Denitrification Activity ◽

Historic Data ◽

Anthropogenic Nitrogen ◽

Removal Processes ◽

Sediment Interface

AbstractFreshwater lakes are essential hotspots for the removal of excessive anthropogenic nitrogen (N) loads transported from the land to coastal oceans. The biogeochemical processes responsible for N removal, the corresponding transformation rates and overall removal efficiencies differ between lakes, however, it is unclear what the main controlling factors are. Here, we investigated the factors that moderate the rates of N removal under contrasting trophic states in two lakes located in central Switzerland. In the eutrophic Lake Baldegg and the oligotrophic Lake Sarnen, we specifically examined seasonal sediment porewater chemistry, organic matter sedimentation rates, as well as 33-year of historic water column data. We find that the eutrophic Lake Baldegg, which contributed to the removal of 20 ± 6.6 gN m−2 year−1, effectively removed two-thirds of the total areal N load. In stark contrast, the more oligotrophic Lake Sarnen contributed to 3.2 ± 4.2 gN m−2 year−1, and had removed only one-third of the areal N load. The historic dataset of the eutrophic lake revealed a close linkage between annual loads of dissolved N (DN) and removal rates (NRR = 0.63 × DN load) and a significant correlation of the concentration of bottom water nitrate and removal rates. We further show that the seasonal increase in N removal rates of the eutrophic lake correlated significantly with seasonal oxygen fluxes measured across the water–sediment interface (R2 = 0.75). We suggest that increasing oxygen enhances sediment mineralization and stimulates nitrification, indirectly enhancing denitrification activity.

Download Full-text

Expenditure on the operation of municipal wastewater treatment plants for nutrient removal

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2000.0225 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 41 (9) ◽

pp. 281-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

O. Nowak

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Removal ◽

Municipal Wastewater ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

General Scheme ◽

Operating Costs ◽

Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽

Wastewater Purification ◽

Labour Costs ◽

Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

P Removal

Operating costs of Austrian municipal treatment plants are evaluated for 1989/90 and for 1997, respectively. The results indicate that presently the expenses which can be directly connected to wastewater purification, i.e. energy and chemicals for P removal, comprise only about 20% of the total operating costs. Today, in Austria like in other EU countries, the predominating factor is “labour costs”, even at nutrient removal plants. A general scheme for estimating operating costs is presented that can be applied to WWTPs in other parts of the world. In this scheme the important factors relevant to the operating costs are integrated.

Download Full-text

Anaerobic-Aerobic Combined Process for the Treatment of Sewage with Nutrient Removal: The Ananox® Process

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1992.0170 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 25 (7) ◽

pp. 383-394 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

G. Garuti ◽

M. Dohanyos ◽

A. Tilche

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Nutrient Removal ◽

Treatment Process ◽

Waste Water Treatment ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Warm Season ◽

Combined Process ◽

Water Treatment Process ◽

A Value ◽

N Removal

Results of a three year experience on a combined anaerobic-anoxic-oxic municipal waste water treatment process - named ANANOX® - are presented. This process demonstrated to be highly efficient, with 89.6% CODt, 89.2% TSS and 81.2% N removal, and a sludge production of only 0.2 kg TSS.kg COD removed−1, a value which is roughly 50% less if compared with traditional nitrification/denitrification processes. Sulphates play a very significant role in the process because, after being reduced in the anaerobic step, where they give a contribution to the organic matter degradation, they are reoxidized in the anoxic step by nitrates, reducing the organic matter need for denitrification. Due to the high dependence of efficiency on temperature, the system proposed has advantageous uses for sewage treatment, particularly in warm climates and in tourist and recreational areas where the population increases during the warm season.

Download Full-text

Carbon and nitrogen dynamics and greenhouse gas emissions in constructed wetlands treating wastewater: a review

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ◽

10.5194/hess-20-109-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 109-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

M. M. R. Jahangir ◽

K. G. Richards ◽

M. G. Healy ◽

L. Gill ◽

C. Müller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Empirical Evidence ◽

Constructed Wetlands ◽

Nutrient Removal ◽

Management Practices ◽

N2o Emissions ◽

Knowledge Gaps ◽

Ch4 Emissions ◽

N Removal ◽

C And N

Abstract. The removal efficiency of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in constructed wetlands (CWs) is very inconsistent and frequently does not reveal whether the removal processes are due to physical attenuation or whether the different species have been transformed to other reactive forms. Previous research on nutrient removal in CWs did not consider the dynamics of pollution swapping (the increase of one pollutant as a result of a measure introduced to reduce a different pollutant) driven by transformational processes within and around the system. This paper aims to address this knowledge gap by reviewing the biogeochemical dynamics and fate of C and N in CWs and their potential impact on the environment, and by presenting novel ways in which these knowledge gaps may be eliminated. Nutrient removal in CWs varies with the type of CW, vegetation, climate, season, geographical region, and management practices. Horizontal flow CWs tend to have good nitrate (NO3−) removal, as they provide good conditions for denitrification, but cannot remove ammonium (NH4+) due to limited ability to nitrify NH4+. Vertical flow CWs have good NH4+ removal, but their denitrification ability is low. Surface flow CWs decrease nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions but increase methane (CH4) emissions; subsurface flow CWs increase N2O and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, but decrease CH4 emissions. Mixed species of vegetation perform better than monocultures in increasing C and N removal and decreasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, but empirical evidence is still scarce. Lower hydraulic loadings with higher hydraulic retention times enhance nutrient removal, but more empirical evidence is required to determine an optimum design. A conceptual model highlighting the current state of knowledge is presented and experimental work that should be undertaken to address knowledge gaps across CWs, vegetation and wastewater types, hydraulic loading rates and regimes, and retention times, is suggested. We recommend that further research on process-based C and N removal and on the balancing of end products into reactive and benign forms is critical to the assessment of the environmental performance of CWs.

Download Full-text