scholarly journals Slaughterhouse Wastewater Treatment: A Review on Recycling and Reuse Possibilities

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3175
Author(s):  
Maximilian Philipp ◽  
Khaoula Masmoudi Jabri ◽  
Johannes Wellmann ◽  
Hanene Akrout ◽  
Latifa Bousselmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Combined Processes ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Slaughterhouse Wastewater ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

Slaughterhouses produce a large amount of wastewater, therefore, with respect to the increasing water scarcity, slaughterhouse wastewater (SWW) recycling seems to be a desirable goal. The emerging challenges and opportunities for recycling and reuse have been examined here. The selection of a suitable process for SWW recycling is dependent on the characteristics of the wastewater, the available technology, and the legal requirements. SWW recycling is not operated at a large scale up to date, due to local legal sanitary requirements as well as challenges in technical implementation. Since SWW recycling with single-stage technologies is unlikely, combined processes are examined and evaluated within the scope of this publication. The process combination of dissolved air flotation (DAF) followed by membrane bioreactor (MBR) and, finally, reverse osmosis (RO) as a polishing step seems to be particularly promising. In this way, wastewater treatment for process water reuse could be achieved in theory, as well as in comparable laboratory experiments. Furthermore, it was calculated via the methane production potential that the entire energy demand of wastewater treatment could be covered if the organic fraction of the wastewater was used for biogas production.

scholarly journals Environmental and cost benefits of co-digesting food waste at wastewater treatment facilities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Morelli ◽  
Sarah Cashman ◽  
Xin (Cissy) Ma ◽  
Jason Turgeon ◽  
Sam Arden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Baseline Scenario ◽  
Cumulative Energy ◽  
Cumulative Energy Demand

Abstract The wastewater industry is undergoing a paradigm shift from focusing solely on treatment to incorporating concepts aimed at mitigating environmental impacts such as energy and nutrient recovery and water reuse. This study uses life cycle assessment and life cycle cost analysis to investigate the effect of expanding anaerobic digestion (AD) capacity and adding combined heat and power on environmental and cost indicators at a mid-sized wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) in Massachusetts, USA. Since 2014, Massachusetts has banned the disposal of organic waste from commercial organizations producing more than one ton of material per week. The WWTF's additional digester capacity allows the co-digestion of municipal solids with a food-based engineered bioslurry due to this ban. Study data were compiled for several AD feedstock quantity and performance scenarios, and compared to a baseline scenario representative of historic plant operations prior to co-digestion. Reductions in environmental impact are demonstrated for six of eight environmental impacts, including global climate change potential and cumulative energy demand. Eutrophication potential increases by 10 percent and 24 percent across assessed scenarios. Water use remains relatively constant across scenarios. Facility energy production increases dramatically with co-digestion, satisfying 100 percent of the WWTF's thermal energy requirement and producing surplus electricity assuming full AD capacity utilization.

Nanofiltration technology in water treatment and reuse: applications and costs

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Shahmansouri ◽  
Christopher Bellona
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Seawater Desalination ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water And Wastewater

Nanofiltration (NF) is a relatively recent development in membrane technology with characteristics that fall between ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis (RO). While RO membranes dominate the seawater desalination industry, NF is employed in a variety of water and wastewater treatment and industrial applications for the selective removal of ions and organic substances, as well as certain niche seawater desalination applications. The purpose of this study was to review the application of NF membranes in the water and wastewater industry including water softening and color removal, industrial wastewater treatment, water reuse, and desalination. Basic economic analyses were also performed to compare the profitability of using NF membranes over alternative processes. Although any detailed cost estimation is hampered by some uncertainty (e.g. applicability of estimation methods to large-scale systems, labor costs in different areas of the world), NF was found to be a cost-effective technology for certain investigated applications. The selection of NF over other treatment technologies, however, is dependent on several factors including pretreatment requirements, influent water quality, treatment facility capacity, and treatment goals.

scholarly journals Combined biological and advanced oxidation processes for the treatment of an actual slaughterhouse wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciro Fernando Bustillo Lecompte
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Cost Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
Combined Processes ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Slaughterhouse Wastewater ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis

Environmental protection initiatives and increasing market demand for green practices are driving the meat processing industry to consider sustainable methods for wastewater treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater. On- site treatment is the preferred option to treat the slaughterhouse effluents for water reuse and potential energy recovery due to the conversion of organics into biogas. A thorough review of advancements in slaughterhouse wastewater characteristics, treatment, and management in the meat processing industry, environmental impacts, health effects, and regulatory frameworks relevant to the slaughterhouse wastewater management is presented in this study. Significant progress in high-rate anaerobic treatment, nutrient removal, advanced oxidation processes, and combined processes for an actual slaughterhouse wastewater treatment are highlighted. The optimization of individual and combined processes was performed in this study using quadratic modeling, degradation mechanisms, and response surface methodology to maximize CH4 yield and the removal of TOC and TN while minimizing TSS and H2O2 residuals. The effects of the flow rate, pH, influent TOC concentration, H2O2 dosage, and their interaction on the overall treatment efficiency and CH4 yield were studied. In the final part of this study, an optimized combined anaerobic–aerobic and UV/H2O2 system with recycle was evaluated using a cost- effectiveness analysis by minimizing treatment time, electrical energy consumption, and the overall incurred treatment costs. The agreement between model predictions and experimental values indicated that the proposed models could describe the performance of individual and combined systems for actual SWW treatment. The maximum TOC and TN removals of 91.29 and 86.05%, CH4 yield of 55.72%, and minimum H2O2 residual of 1.45% were found at optimum conditions of influent TOC concentration of 626 mg/L, feed flow rate of 45 mL/min, H2O2 dosage of 350 mg/L, and pH of 6.59. The minimum total retention time was determined to be 10 h with individual residence times of 6.82 h, 2.40 h, and 47 min in the ABR, AS bioreactor, and UV/H2O2 photoreactor, respectively. A minimum electrical power consumption of 0.0194 kWh for an overall treatment cost of 0.12 $/m3 were obtained based on the cost-effectiveness analysis. Results show that the application of combined biological and advanced oxidation processes is useful for on-site slaughterhouse wastewater treatment. Keywords: Slaughterhouse wastewater, anaerobic digestion, activated sludge, advanced oxidation processes, process optimization, cost-effectiveness analysis.

scholarly journals Eco-energetic management of activated sludge derived from slaughterhouse wastewater treatment: pre-treatments for enhancing biogas production under anaerobic conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 5072-5079
Author(s):  
Pablo Caballero ◽  
Cristina Ágabo-García ◽  
Rosario Solera ◽  
Juan Parrado ◽  
Montserrat Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Slaughterhouse Wastewater ◽  
Anaerobic Processes

In this paper different pre-treatments (involving temperature, pressure and enzymatic processes) were applied to activated sludge from slaughterhouse wastewater treatment with the aim of improving biogas production in anaerobic processes.

scholarly journals Scaling Up Metal Hydrides for Real-Scale Applications: Achievements, Challenges and Outlook

Inorganics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Emil H. Jensen ◽  
Martin Dornheim ◽  
Sabrina Sartori
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Metal Hydrides ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Compressed Gas ◽  
Real Scale

As the world evolves, so does the energy demand. The storage of hydrogen using metal hydrides shows great promise due to the ability to store and deliver energy on demand while achieving higher volumetric density and safer storage conditions compared with traditional storage options such as compressed gas or liquid hydrogen. Research is typically performed on lab-sized samples and tanks and shows great potential for large scale applications. However, the effects of scale-up on the metal hydride’s performance are relatively less investigated. Studies performed so far on both materials, and hydride-based storage tanks show that the scale-up can significantly impact the system’s capacity, kinetics, and sorption properties. The findings presented in this review suggest areas of further investigation in order to implement metal hydrides in real scale applications.

scholarly journals Combined biological and advanced oxidation processes for the treatment of an actual slaughterhouse wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciro Fernando Bustillo Lecompte
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Cost Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
Combined Processes ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Slaughterhouse Wastewater ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis

Environmental protection initiatives and increasing market demand for green practices are driving the meat processing industry to consider sustainable methods for wastewater treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater. On- site treatment is the preferred option to treat the slaughterhouse effluents for water reuse and potential energy recovery due to the conversion of organics into biogas. A thorough review of advancements in slaughterhouse wastewater characteristics, treatment, and management in the meat processing industry, environmental impacts, health effects, and regulatory frameworks relevant to the slaughterhouse wastewater management is presented in this study. Significant progress in high-rate anaerobic treatment, nutrient removal, advanced oxidation processes, and combined processes for an actual slaughterhouse wastewater treatment are highlighted. The optimization of individual and combined processes was performed in this study using quadratic modeling, degradation mechanisms, and response surface methodology to maximize CH4 yield and the removal of TOC and TN while minimizing TSS and H2O2 residuals. The effects of the flow rate, pH, influent TOC concentration, H2O2 dosage, and their interaction on the overall treatment efficiency and CH4 yield were studied. In the final part of this study, an optimized combined anaerobic–aerobic and UV/H2O2 system with recycle was evaluated using a cost- effectiveness analysis by minimizing treatment time, electrical energy consumption, and the overall incurred treatment costs. The agreement between model predictions and experimental values indicated that the proposed models could describe the performance of individual and combined systems for actual SWW treatment. The maximum TOC and TN removals of 91.29 and 86.05%, CH4 yield of 55.72%, and minimum H2O2 residual of 1.45% were found at optimum conditions of influent TOC concentration of 626 mg/L, feed flow rate of 45 mL/min, H2O2 dosage of 350 mg/L, and pH of 6.59. The minimum total retention time was determined to be 10 h with individual residence times of 6.82 h, 2.40 h, and 47 min in the ABR, AS bioreactor, and UV/H2O2 photoreactor, respectively. A minimum electrical power consumption of 0.0194 kWh for an overall treatment cost of 0.12 $/m3 were obtained based on the cost-effectiveness analysis. Results show that the application of combined biological and advanced oxidation processes is useful for on-site slaughterhouse wastewater treatment. Keywords: Slaughterhouse wastewater, anaerobic digestion, activated sludge, advanced oxidation processes, process optimization, cost-effectiveness analysis.

scholarly journals Dissolved Air Flotation: A Review from the Perspective of System Parameters and Uses in Wastewater Treatment

TecnoLógicas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (52) ◽  
pp. e2111
Author(s):  
Jeimmy Adriana Muñoz-Alegría ◽  
Elena Muñoz-España ◽  
Juan Fernando Flórez-Marulanda
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Wastewater Reclamation ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Flotation Process ◽  
Air Flotation ◽  
Dissolved Air

The current issues of climate change and high freshwater demand worldwide have promoted the implementation of wastewater reclamation technologies. This study aims to review the efficiency of the dissolved air flotation (DAF) technique in a wide variety of applications in the agricultural, industrial, domestic, and municipal sectors, which have high freshwater consumption worldwide. We made a systematic review of the DAF technique in wastewater treatment in 2015-2021. We reviewed six indexed databases and governmental statistical reports; we used the keywords: dissolved air flotation, microbubbles, wastewater treatment, and the main operating and design parameters involved in the effectiveness of the flotation process. Additionally, we conducted a review of the most common synthetic coagulant studies used with DAF, as well as natural coagulants that promise to mitigate current climate change. Finally, we discussed advantages, disadvantages, and potential future studies. DAF to have considerable potential for wastewater treatment, as well as for waste utilization. The generation of large quantities of DAF sludge is a breakthrough for clean energy production, as it allows the use of this waste for biogas production.

scholarly journals Effects of Co-substrate Concentrations on the Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Common Reed and Cow Dung

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giang Van Tran ◽  
Yuwalee Unpaprom ◽  
Rameshprabu Ramaraj
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Common Reed ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Methane Content ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Working Volume

The biochemical methane potentials for common reed (Phragmites australis) and cow dung from northern Thailand, Chiang Mai city were investigated. This study aims to evaluate optimal parameters for the substrate of common reed and cow dung with different ratios (i.e. 1:1, 2:1 and 1:2) for improving the quality of methane content and biogas production. The effect of the co-substrate mixture was carried out in a batch reactor operated under room temperature and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 45 days. The experiments were conducted in the fermenter with a working volume of 2.5 L and a total volume of 3L. The substrate was containing 15% of total solids (TS) and fermentation at initial pH 7. Biodegradation of substrate stated that chemical oxidation demand (COD) removal was 52.38%, the utilization of volatile solid was 75.46%. The results were achieved at ratio 2:1 (common reed and cow dung) reached the highest methane content and total biogas yield are 70% and 20,015 ml, respectively. Consequently, the results of this study suggested that mixing ratios of influence on the fermentation process and monitoring parameters were significant for further scale up or large-scale design of enriched methane content and biogas production.

scholarly journals Energy alternatives in large-scale wastewater treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Zoltán Gabnai
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Management Activity ◽  
Self Sufficiency

In my article, after describing the characteristics of recent wastewater treatment activity, I introduce different traditional and innovative energetic opportunities of the compulsory waste management activities at large-scale operational level, covering national and international examples. Furthermore, the wastewater-based biomethane production and the certain plant’s energy self-sufficiency are highlighted topics as well. In the former case, it is possible to utilize the wastewater-based biomethane as fuel (and even to operate own vehicle fleet), while the second one gives the opportunity for the internal usage of produced electricity and waste heat, which can also result in significant cost-savings. As an additional option, algae-based wastewater post treatment is presented, based on the conditions of a Hungarian wastewater treatment plant, which biogas production efficiency and thus energy self-sufficiency has developed favourably due to the technological improvements. These plants may have a twofold role in the future: they are responsible for the compulsory waste management activity and on the other hand they can serve as excellent raw material mines. JEL Code: Q25

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