scholarly journals Water Supply Increases N Acquisition and N Resorption from Old Branches in the Leafless Shrub Calligonum caput-medusae at the Taklimakan Desert Margin

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3288
Author(s):  
Caibian Huang ◽  
Fanjiang Zeng ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Jie Xue ◽  
Shaomin Zhang

Irrigation is the main strategy deployed to improve vegetation establishment, but the effects of increasing water availability on N use strategies in desert shrub species have received little attention. Pot experiments with drought-tolerant shrub Calligonum caput-medusae supplied with water at five field capacities in the range of 30–85% were conducted using local soil at the southern margin of the Taklimakan Desert. We examined the changes in plant biomass, soil N status, and plant N traits, and addressed the relationships between them in four- and seven-month-old saplings and mature shrubs after 28 months. Results showed that the growth of C. caput-medusae was highly responsive to increased soil moisture supply, and strongly depleted the soil available inorganic N pools from 16.7 mg kg−1 to an average of 1.9 mg kg−1, although the total soil N pool increased in all treatments. Enhancement of biomass production by increasing water supply was closely linked to increasing total plant N pool, N use efficiency (NUE), N resorption efficiency (NRE), and proficiency (NRP) in four-month saplings, but that to total plant N pool, NRE, and NRP after 28 months. The well-watered plants had lower N concentrations in senesced branches compared to their counterparts experiencing the two lowest water inputs. The mature shrubs had higher NRE and NRP than saplings and the world mean levels, suggesting a higher N conservation. Structural equation models showed that NRE was largely controlled by senesced branch N concentrations, and indirectly affected by water supply, whereas NRP was mainly determined by water supply. Our results indicated that increasing water availability increased the total N uptake and N resorption from old branches to satisfy the N requirement of C. caput-medusae. The findings lay important groundwork for vegetation establishment in desert ecosystems.

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Klupács ◽  
Á. Tarnawa ◽  
I. Balla ◽  
M. Jolánkai

Water supply of crop plants is the most essential physiological condition influencing quality and quantity performance of grain yield. In a 12-year experimental series of winter wheat agronomic trials run at the Nagygombos experimental site (Hungary) the effect of water availability has been studied. The location represents the typical average lowland conditions of the country, the annual precipitation of the experimental site belonging to the 550–600 mm belt of the Northern edges of the Great Hungarian Plain, while the average depth of groundwater varies between 2 to 3 metres. Crop years with various precipitation patterns have had different impacts on crop yield quality and quantity. Yield figures were in positive correlation with annual precipitation in general. Water availability had diverse influence on quality manifestation. Good water supply has often resulted in poorer grain quality, especially wet gluten and Hagberg values have been affected by that. Drought reduced the amount of yield in general, but contributed to a better quality manifestation in some of the crop years.


Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1433
Author(s):  
Navneet Kumar ◽  
Asia Khamzina ◽  
Patrick Knöfel ◽  
John P. A. Lamers ◽  
Bernhard Tischbein

Climate change is likely to decrease surface water availability in Central Asia, thereby necessitating land use adaptations in irrigated regions. The introduction of trees to marginally productive croplands with shallow groundwater was suggested for irrigation water-saving and improving the land’s productivity. Considering the possible trade-offs with water availability in large-scale afforestation, our study predicted the impacts on water balance components in the lower reaches of the Amudarya River to facilitate afforestation planning using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The land-use scenarios used for modeling analysis considered the afforestation of 62% and 100% of marginally productive croplands under average and low irrigation water supply identified from historical land-use maps. The results indicate a dramatic decrease in the examined water balance components in all afforestation scenarios based largely on the reduced irrigation demand of trees compared to the main crops. Specifically, replacing current crops (mostly cotton) with trees on all marginal land (approximately 663 km2) in the study region with an average water availability would save 1037 mln m3 of gross irrigation input within the study region and lower the annual drainage discharge by 504 mln m3. These effects have a considerable potential to support irrigation water management and enhance drainage functions in adapting to future water supply limitations.


2004 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhibao Dong ◽  
Guangting Chen ◽  
Xingdong He ◽  
Zhiwen Han ◽  
Xunming Wang

Geomorphology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 96 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruiping Zu ◽  
Xian Xue ◽  
Mingrui Qiang ◽  
Bao Yang ◽  
Jianjun Qu ◽  
...  

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhi-Han Yu ◽  
Xue-Song Luo ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
Qiaoyun Huang

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Virgilio C. Rivera

Prior to Manila Water's entry into the East Zone as MWSS's concessionaire in 1997, the water supply and distribution system was characterized by low service coverage, high levels of leakage due to pilferage and deteriorating pipes, limited water availability and poor operating efficiencies. This presentation details how the MWSS PPP framework, coupled with Manila Water's multi-pronged, corporate approach, has been key to reversing the sorry state which Metro Manila's East Zone found itself in before 1997. Crucial to the success of Manila Water was the adoption of a multi-pronged corporate strategy composed of five interrelated variables: (1) Profit Model, (2) Market/Customer, (3) Resources, (4) Systems and Processes and (5) Talent and Organization. The presentation explains how these factors have come together to bring out the “virtuous cycle” in the East Zone. The numerous achievements of Manila Water over the past thirteen years, which are highlighted in the last section of the presentation, have been directly attributed to the successful corporate strategy employed by Manila Water.


Water ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4343-4361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Huang ◽  
Yongdong Wang ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Xinwen Xu ◽  
Jianguo Zhang ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Feng Xu ◽  
Weikang Yang ◽  
Wenxuan Xu ◽  
Canjun Xia ◽  
Haohong Liao ◽  
...  

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