Health and hygiene aspects affecting the development of the agricultural production environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
Galina Aleksandrovna Bezrukova ◽  
Tamara Anatolievna Novikova ◽  
Anatoliy Nikolaevich Mikerov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Total Structure ◽  
The Impact

The results of a comprehensive multi-factor analysis of updated information about the demographic situation in rural settlements of the Russian Federation and working conditions in the agricultural sector of the economy are presented. It is shown that in the period from 2010 to 2018, stable population growth was registered only in 20.8 % of rural municipalities, while 79.2 % of settlements were characterized by a decrease in rural residents. Along with depopulation, critical for the sustainable development of rural areas is a prevailing explicit deformation of the age structure of the population and associated growth of demographic burden on the able-bodied rural population due to low birth rate and high death rate of men of working age, as well as the continuing migration outflow of the economically active population in the regional and Federal centers of Russia. The main place of employment in rural areas remains the production of agricultural products. Despite the differences characteristic of technological processes in certain types of agricultural activities, the specifics of labor in the agricultural sector have common aspects related to the impact of harmful factors of the production environment, the severity and intensity of the labor process. The number of people working in the agricultural sector in harmful and dangerous working conditions in the period from 2011 to 2017 decreased by 19.2 %, while the share of this category of people in the total structure of those employed in agricultural production decreased by 4.4 % to 29.4 % in 2017. According to the results of inspections of territorial bodies of Rospotrebnadzor in the period from 2011 to 2017, the share of jobs that do not meet sanitary and hygienic standards at agricultural enterprises decreased from 35.7 to 30.4 %, which indicates a trend of improvement in the sanitary and hygienic situation.

Improving Labor Productivity and Efficiency of the Use of Production Resources of Agricultural Enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 2-7
Author(s):  
S.A. Sharipov ◽  
◽  
N.L. Titov ◽  
G.A. Kharisov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Agricultural Business ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Production Resources

The article considers the current trends in the organization of agricultural production. The directions of evaluation of efficiency of use of production resources are revealed. The prospects for the development of agricultural business in the Republic of Tatarstan are determined. It is noted that in modern conditions, the importance of agriculture in ensuring food security is significantly increasing. The results of regulation of agricultural production and state support of various organizational forms of agricultural business are shown on the example of agricultural formations of the Republic of Tatarstan. They ensured the sustainable development of rural areas and the agricultural sector of the republic, increasing labor productivity and the efficiency of using the production resources of agricultural enterprises on the basis of innovations.

scholarly journals NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN AGRICULTURAL BUSINESS AND THEIR IMPACT ON EMPLOYMENT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavlina Ivanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
Agricultural Business ◽  
The Impact

The extremely fast pace with which digital technologies are developing and their entry into the agricultural sector is changing the business environment, working conditions and the composition of the workforce. This in turn creates an opportunity to increase the efficiency of farms, while improving the economic and environmental sustainability of the sector and rural areas. The aim of this report is to examine the impact that the application of digital technologies in agribusiness has on employment in the sector, the emergence of new occupations and changes in working conditions, as well as to identify the challenges to human resource management in the digital environment. agriculture.

scholarly journals Determinants of Agricultural Production and Agricultural Sector Output in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ewubare Dennis Brown ◽  
◽  
Asimiea Iyabode ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Agricultural Credit ◽  
Production Output ◽  
The Impact

The study examined the determinant of agricultural production and agricultural sector output in Nigeria. The objective of the study is to determine the impact of agricultural production determinants on agricultural output. The study was carried out based on secondary data collected through the CBN statistical bulletin unit root test was conducted test and granger causality test were used as the main statistical tests. The findings from the study based on the OLS results shows that agricultural funding, agricultural credit/loan as well as exchange rate have positive relationship with agricultural production output. Also, the granger causality test shows that agricultural funding, agricultural credit loan as well as exchange rate impact on agricultural production output. In view of the findings, it is recommended for adequate budgetary provisions for the agricultural sector in order to provide infrastructural facilities to the rural areas where farm produce are concentrated in order to boost production. Also, provision of credit facilities to the agricultural sector through the farmers in rural areas should be encouraged

scholarly journals Impact of water resources management on area under cultivation level and agricultural production efficiency (Case Study: Villages of Zebarkhan district of Neyshabur city)

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Ali Kariznovi ◽  
Hamid Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Field Methods ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
The Impact

The amount of water consumed in the agricultural sector in Iran is higher than the global average and this necessitates more attention to proper water management in this sector. Due to the climatic conditions of Iran, the average rainfall in most areas is lower than global rainfall. That is to say, the water issue is one of Iran's most important concerns or the greatest challenge for the people of this land. Examining the current agricultural situation indicates that despite the increased agricultural production potential due to the lack of a proper management system, optimal utilization of available resources has not become possible and droughts and reduced rainfall and increasing population followed reduce the amount of water consumed in the agricultural sector. The present study investigates the impact of agricultural water resources management on the economic development of rural settlements (Case study: Villages of Zebarkhan district of Neyshabur city). This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive and analytical method and library and field methods have been used for data collection. According to the results of the present study and data analysis regarding the amount of water consumed in the study area, it was observed that the amount of water consumed per hectare for all crops in modern management lands was less than the fields where managed by the traditional way. This suggests that modern science-based scientific management has played a key role in reducing the loss of water resources within the scope of this study, and in contrast, water loss in farms that are managed in traditional ways is so high. Also, regarding the production efficiency in the study area, the results showed that the production efficiency per hectare for all crops was significantly higher than that under traditional management. This rate varied between 25 to 57.1%.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF ADMINISTRATIVE-TERRITORIAL REFORM ON THE STATE OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (163) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
M. Vorozhbiian ◽  
M. Ivashchenko ◽  
O. Skrypnyk ◽  
P. Bilym
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Labor Protection ◽  
The Impact

Injuries to workers at work in Ukraine are a very serious problem. The decision of this question is possible at the analysis of the reasons of trauma, and on this basis to offer measures for reduction of risk of dangers. The agricultural sector of the economy has a number of features and problems in the organization of labor protection on its safety and in the period of reform the situation in this direction may deteriorate. The reforms carried out in Ukraine, namely decentralization, administrative-territorial organization and land, affect primarily in the suburban and rural areas the agricultural sector of the economy, including the interaction of government agencies with farms on labor protection. Therefore, it is important to develop measures to improve the work of the labor protection management system at the enterprises of the industry during the reform period to prevent the deterioration of this situation, primarily as a result of administrative-territorial reform. The paper presents statistical data on injuries at work in Ukraine for 2018-2020 and emphasizes the state of labor protection in the agricultural sector. The analysis shows that injuries in agricultural production are directly related to the organization of labor protection and, above all, the most persistent trend in accidents in small businesses. The decrease in the number of occupational diseases against the background of unfavorable working conditions is associated with difficulties in accounting and control over workers in agriculture, including due to changes in ownership, deterioration of medical and occupational care services for the rural population. A large proportion of agricultural workers are hidden due to the lack of formal employment, which reduces the possibility of accounting and medical supervision of employed workers. Modern health care reform has also had a negative impact on health surveillance and the detection of occupational diseases. The impact on the state of labor protection in settlements and rural areas during decentralization and administrative-territorial reform is considered. Changing the administrative-territorial division involves the redistribution of powers between districts and local governments. Earlier, the territory of Ukraine was divided into 490 districts, the reform provides for 136 districts. It is pointed out that it is necessary to address these issues within the framework of state policy, including taking into account administrative and territorial reform, namely not only in state district administrations, but also in community associations there should be labor protection specialists who can , but also to provide real assistance in organizational matters, as well as in identifying risks in production processes and help prevent their implementation, especially for small farms, including farms. This requires the effectiveness of the control and supervisory bodies for labor protection, which can affect the reduction of injuries, primarily for organizational reasons, and this is almost 70% of all injuries.

scholarly journals The impact of the “greening” of the common agricultural policy on the financial situation of Polish farms

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Czekaj ◽  
Edward Majewski ◽  
Adam Was
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Ecological Focus Areas ◽  
Environmental Component ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Direct Payments ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents an assessment of the impacts of introducing the greening scenario of the CAP, proposed by the European Commission as an alternative for the reformed CAP after 2013. In the past, the CAP has undergone numerous transformations in response to the changing macroeconomic environment and in reaction to developments in the farming sectors in EU countries. On the 12th of October 2011, the Commission presented a set of legal proposals designed to make the CAP a more effective policy to encourage more competitive and sustainable agriculture and vibrant rural areas. The proposal brings various new elements under consideration, some of them raising strong controversies such as introducing “greening” as a component of direct payments. Changes in the direct payments scheme in line with the EC proposition include forcing adjustments in the cropping pattern and creating ecological focus areas (EFA) on 7% of the farm land ; the consequences of such a proposal on the size and structure of agricultural production, and thus on the economic performance of farms and the whole agricultural sector are uncertain. The authors analyse historical changes to the CAP with a focus on a growing importance of the environmental component of the CAP, discuss different scenarios of shaping the direct payments system and present the results of modelling the impacts of greening the CAP on the Polish farming sector with the use of the LP optimisation model. The study was based on Polish FADN data. Results show that the majority of farmers in Poland comply with the crop diversification constraint of greening. However, establishing the required EFAs and necessary diversification on farms with simplified cropping structures will have a negative impact on the volume of agricultural production as well as on farm incomes.

The Relationship between the Development of Human Capital and the Agricultural Economy in Rural Areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
B.A. Voronin ◽  
◽  
I.P. Chupina ◽  
Ya.V. Voronina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Standard View ◽  
Household Factors ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
The Relationship

The article discusses a non-standard view of the formation of human capital for work in organizations of the agricultural sector of the economy, in the context of modern socio-economic transformations. In the classical sense, human capital for agriculture should be formed and developed in rural areas. But in real life, this is not always the case, because there are many factors that prevent the classical solution of this problem. First, the demographic factor affects, second, social and household factors, and third, in many rural areas there are no working agricultural organizations where qualified agricultural specialists can work. All these and other circumstances actualize the problem of the quality of human capital in rural areas in relation to the development of agricultural production.

Strategic Management as a Basis of Sustainable Development in Agricultural Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 523-529
Author(s):  
T. V. Simonyan ◽  
N. V. Shvydenko
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Cluster Structure ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Russian Economy

Aim. The presented study aims to substantiate a structural model for developing a sustainable development strategy in agricultural production, making allowance for changes in the level of impact of environmental factors.Tasks. The authors determine the reasons why the Russian agro-industrial complex (AIC) is lagging; identify the specific aspects of forming a strategy for the sustainable development of regional AICs; formulate urgent problems of sustainable development for the agri-food sector of the Russian economy at the federal, regional, and enterprise levels.Methods. This study uses a reasonable and objective approach to the problem of applying strategic management as a foundation for the sustainable development of agricultural production based on the knowledge of the laws of development of socio-ecological and economic systems and a study of multidirectional factors of the external and internal environment. The methodological basis for the sustainable development of agricultural production includes the concept of sustainable development as a priority at the macroeconomic level; strategy as a planning tool based on consistency with programs implemented at the federal, regional and municipal levels of public administration; methods and tools of strategic management at AIC enterprises.Results. The key aspects of the institutional-synergetic approach to the sustainable development of the AIC include the need to coordinate all factors by forming coherent goals not only among economic and financial institutions, but also for technopolises that combine scientific, industrial, financial, and entrepreneurial capital into one system cluster structure. The authors formulate the stages of implementing a strategy for the sustainable development of regional AICs, making it possible to come up with measures aimed at reorganizing the structure of the agricultural sector and to overcome the negative manifestations of crises in the Russian economy, thus minimizing their consequences.Conclusions. During the development of a strategy for the sustainable development of regional AICs, a multiplicative effect arises, making it possible to activate innovation policy and boost the development of other sectors of the economy, improving the population’s quality of life. When developing a strategy at the microeconomic level, it is necessary to make allowance for the specifics of the industry and the mission of a modern agro-industrial enterprise and to focus on solving problems formulated based on the trinity of goals of social, environmental, and economic long-term sustainable development.

scholarly journals Structural Change and Its Impact on the Energy Intensity of Agricultural Sector in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyun Han ◽  
Shu Wu
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Scale Economy ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Regional Heterogeneity ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Agricultural Structure ◽  
The Impact

China’s agricultural structure has undergone significant changes for the past four decades, mainly presenting as the fall of sown proportion of grain crops and the rise of vegetables, as has its energy consumption. Employing the panel data on 30 provinces during 1991–2016, this paper empirically explores the impact of agricultural structure changes (ASC) on the energy intensity of agricultural production (EIAP), direct energy intensity of agricultural production (DEIAP) and indirect energy intensity of agricultural production (IEIAP) in China. Besides, the regional heterogeneity of such impact is examined. The results show that: (1) ASC increases EIAP and IEIAP significantly, while ASC decreases DEIAP, which is explained by the structural effect and different planting modes of different crops; (2) the impact in the three administrative regions is similar to national situation, except the impact of ASC on DEIAP in the West Region, which is explained by regional differences of vegetable mechanization; (3) the result of the six vegetable production regions reveals greater regional heterogeneity, and this is attributed to the scale economy effect and the incremental effect of vegetable mechanization; and (4) fuel price, income, agricultural labor, old dependency ratio, and fiscal expenditure have different but significant impacts on EIAP, DEIAP, and IEIAP. Finally, some policy implications are given.

scholarly journals Economic aspects of lfa and organic farming payments in Latvia

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-687
Author(s):  
Armands Veveris ◽  
Peteris Lakovskis ◽  
Elita Benga
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
Support Service ◽  
Income Growth ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Direct Payments ◽  
The Impact

Less favoured area (LFA) payments and organic farming (OF) payments represent a third of all public funding available for RDP 2007–2013 in Latvia and are used by about two- thirds of all farms. The aim of the study is to assess the economic impact of LFA and OF payments. The data from Rural Support Service, FADN and statistics of agricultural sector were used to conduct the study. A group of farms receiving support payments was compared with a group without this kind of support, in order to evaluate the impact of support payments. The results show that LFA payments have facilitated a significant income growth, especially for small farms. They have also contributed to more intense use of the land. Since OF support has not contributed enough to the agricultural production, direct payments to production will increase economic impact of support payments.

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