Neurodevelopmental disorders include a myriad of conditions, in which symptomatic presentation and disease onset is identifiable in early postnatal years, prior to full brain maturation. Both genetic and environmental insults can lead to neurodevelopmental disorders, which result from anatomical and physiological abnormalities during the development and maturation of brain circuits. Mental disorders become symptomatic in childhood or adolescence and are affected by early environmental conditions that may interact with genetic risk factors. Neurodevelopmental disorders share a number of similarities in terms of common genetic risks, co-occurrence of neurodevelopmental symptom domains, cognitive processing deficits, early onset and chronic course. Schizophrenia, autism and intellectual disabilities, for example, are spectrums of diseases with broad sets of causes that have overlapping phenotypes and genetics, which is suggestive of common deficits.
Microbiota Modulate Behavioral and Physiological Abnormalities Associated with Neurodevelopmental Disorders
