Evaluación de la eficacia de productos mosquicidas para el control de la mosca del cuerno (Haematobia irritans) en condiciones de infestación natural en dos regiones de México / Evaluation of fly control efficacy of new drug prototypes for the control of horn- fly (Haematobia irritans) under natural infestation conditions in two regions of Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1759-1770
Author(s):  
Gonzalo López Rincón ◽  
Francisco Olvera Valencia ◽  
Guillermo Oregel Ramírez ◽  
Eligio Rafael Moreno Gómez ◽  
Leonel Avendaño Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Haematobia Irritans ◽  
Horn Fly ◽  
New Drug ◽  
Natural Infestation ◽  
Fly Control

Las parasitosis por la moscas de los cuernos (Haematobia irritans) en el trópico de México generan importantes pérdidas económicas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar bajo condiciones de infestación natural, la eficacia de tres prototipos farmacéuticos indicados para el control de la mosca de los cuernos. Se utilizaron 80 vacas asignadas aleatoriamente a cuatro grupos de 20 animales en dos regiones México. Grupo 1: 593.10, Grupo 2: 593.11, Grupo 3: 593.12 y Grupo 4: control-sin tratamiento. El tratamiento fue por derrame dorsal a una dosis de 1 mL/10 kg de peso vivo. Se determinó la eficacia contando el número moscas en los días 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 y 28 post-tratamiento, las moscas fueron contadas in situ y comparado mediante fotografías de alta resolución que fueron tomadas sobre condiciones normales de pastoreo. El porcentaje de eficacia de los prototipos de prueba fue de aproximadamente 70-80 % al día 21 y ≥ 50 % entre los días 25 y 28 post-tratamiento. Los prototipos de prueba (mezcla de activos) resultaron altamente eficaces contra la mosca de los cuernos y podrían ser una alternativa para el control del parasito, contemplando las condiciones ambientales de las diferentes zonas geográficas donde son evaluados, la época de mayor incidencia de la mosca y estableciendo el umbral de carga parasitaria que provoca estrés en los bovinos. No se registró diferencia estadística significativa en eficacia entre los tres ectoparasiticidas, el uso de fármacos alternativos podrían ser una estrategia en la rotación de productos que disminuya la resistencia a las diferentes moléculas que contienen los productos comerciales.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae in the control of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae), under natural infestation conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Cruz-Vázquez ◽  
Juan Carvajal-Márquez ◽  
Roberto Lezama-Gutiérrez ◽  
Irene Vitela-Mendoza ◽  
Cesar Andrés Ángel-Sahagún
Keyword(s):  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Haematobia Irritans ◽  
Horn Fly ◽  
Natural Infestation

scholarly journals Susceptibility of field populations of Haematobia irritans to fipronil in Uruguay

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Miraballes ◽  
Antonio Thadeu M. Barros ◽  
Martin Lucas ◽  
Guilherme M. Klafke ◽  
Luísa N. Domingues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Rhipicephalus Microplus ◽  
Susceptible Strain ◽  
Single Population ◽  
Haematobia Irritans ◽  
Horn Fly ◽  
Horn Flies ◽  
Fly Control

ABSTRACT: Fipronil was registered in Uruguay in 1997, and, since then, it has been used for the control of Haematobia irritans irritans and Rhipicephalus microplus. The susceptibility of H. irritants to this drug has not been evaluated. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to evaluate the resistance of H. irritans to fipronil. Additionally, a survey was carried out with the farmers to evaluate the use of fipronil for H. irritans control in the ranches where the flies came from. For the bioassays, 31 field populations of H. irritans were exposed to 10 concentrations of fipronil (3.2-16.0μg.cm2), and their LC50 values were calculated using probit analysis. A bioassay was performed with horn flies from the susceptible colony maintained at the USDA-ARS Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory for comparison and calculation of resistance ratios (RRs). All 31 field populations surveyed in the study were susceptible to fipronil, with resistance ratios ranging from <0.5 to 2.2. Four populations with RRs >1 did not differ significantly from the susceptible strain. A single population showed an RR >2.2. Overall, the survey shows that fipronil was mostly used for R. microplus control, and in only three ranches, which were free of R. microplus, was fipronil used for horn fly control. Seventeen farmers did not use fipronil at all in the last three years. It is concluded that, in Uruguay, field populations of horn flies remain susceptible to fipronil.

Pyrethroid Resistance in the Horn Fly., Haematobia irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae)

1984 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 1095-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Quisenberry ◽  
J. A. Lockwood ◽  
R. L. Byford ◽  
H. K. Wilson ◽  
T. C. Sparks
Keyword(s):  
Pyrethroid Resistance ◽  
Haematobia Irritans ◽  
Horn Fly

scholarly journals Karyotype of the Horn Fly, Haematobia irritans(L.)(Diptera, Muscidae).

CYTOLOGIA ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita M. P. Avancini ◽  
Richard A. Weinzierl
Keyword(s):  
Haematobia Irritans ◽  
Horn Fly

SUMMER TREATMENTS FOR CATTLE GRUB CONTROL AND THEIR EFFECTS ON HORN FLIES AND CATTLE WEIGHT GAINS

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Khan ◽  
J. E. Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Haematobia Irritans ◽  
Horn Fly ◽  
Systemic Control ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Horn Flies ◽  
Daily Gain

Spraying yearlings with 2% Co-Ral in July was 100% effective for systemic control of cattle grubs (Hypoderma spp.). Spraying spring calves with 1% Co-Ral in August was equally effective, and gave better control (P < 0.01) than spraying with 1 or 2% Co-Ral in June or 0.5% Co-Ral in July. Co-Ral sprays were not suitable for horn fly (Haematobia irritans L.) control.Two per cent Sevin sprayed on calves in June or July did not control cattle grubs, and only partially controlled horn flies.Compared with the control group, the average daily gain was higher (P < 0.05) to weaning but lower (P < 0.05) in the feedlot in calves sprayed with 2% Sevin in June. Similarly, it was higher (P < 0.05) from birth to the end of the feedlot period in calves sprayed with 2% Co-Ral in June, but lower (P < 0.05) in calves sprayed with 0.5% Co-Ral in July.Mild toxicosis occurred in five calves sprayed with 2% Co-Ral in June, and subclinical toxicosis in calves sprayed with 1% Co-Ral in August.

Horn Fly Control and Growth Implants are Effective Strategies for Heifers Grazing Flint Hills Pasture

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Trehal ◽  
J. L. Talley ◽  
K. D. Sherrill ◽  
T. Spore ◽  
R. N. Wahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Horn Fly ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Flint Hills ◽  
Growth Implants ◽  
Fly Control

Ronnel and Co-Ral for Horn Fly Control on Cable Type Back Rubbers

1959 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 648-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward C. Burns ◽  
S. E. Mccraine ◽  
D. W. Moody
Keyword(s):  
Horn Fly ◽  
Fly Control

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of the infestation of females of the Caracu cattle breed by Horn Fly (Haematobia irritans irritans) (L.) (Diptera, Muscidae)

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelina Bossi Fraga ◽  
Maurício Mello de Alencar ◽  
Leopoldo Andrade de Figueiredo ◽  
Alexander George Razook ◽  
Joslaine Noely dos Santos Gonçalves Cyrillo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Haematobia Irritans ◽  
Horn Fly

scholarly journals Wolbachia Endosymbiont of the Horn Fly (Haematobia irritans irritans): a Supergroup A Strain with Multiple Horizontally Acquired Cytoplasmic Incompatibility Genes

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukund Madhav ◽  
Rhys Parry ◽  
Jess A. T. Morgan ◽  
Peter James ◽  
Sassan Asgari
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
The United States ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wolbachia Pipientis ◽  
Haematobia Irritans ◽  
Horn Fly ◽  
Horn Flies ◽  
Horizontal Acquisition

ABSTRACT The horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans, is a hematophagous parasite of livestock distributed throughout Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Welfare losses on livestock due to horn fly infestation are estimated to cost between $1 billion and $2.5 billion (U.S. dollars) annually in North America and Brazil. The endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia pipientis is a maternally inherited manipulator of reproductive biology in arthropods and naturally infects laboratory colonies of horn flies from Kerrville, TX, and Alberta, Canada, but it has also been identified in wild-caught samples from Canada, the United States, Mexico, and Hungary. Reassembly of PacBio long-read and Illumina genomic DNA libraries from the Kerrville H. i. irritans genome project allowed for a complete and circularized 1.3-Mb Wolbachia genome (wIrr). Annotation of wIrr yielded 1,249 coding genes, 34 tRNAs, 3 rRNAs, and 5 prophage regions. Comparative genomics and whole-genome Bayesian evolutionary analysis of wIrr compared to published Wolbachia genomes suggested that wIrr is most closely related to and diverged from Wolbachia supergroup A strains known to infect Drosophila spp. Whole-genome synteny analyses between wIrr and closely related genomes indicated that wIrr has undergone significant genome rearrangements while maintaining high nucleotide identity. Comparative analysis of the cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) genes of wIrr suggested two phylogenetically distinct CI loci and acquisition of another cifB homolog from phylogenetically distant supergroup A Wolbachia strains, suggesting horizontal acquisition of these loci. The wIrr genome provides a resource for future examination of the impact Wolbachia may have in both biocontrol and potential insecticide resistance of horn flies. IMPORTANCE Horn flies, Haematobia irritans irritans, are obligate hematophagous parasites of cattle having significant effects on production and animal welfare. Control of horn flies mainly relies on the use of insecticides, but issues with resistance have increased interest in development of alternative means of control. Wolbachia pipientis is an endosymbiont bacterium known to have a range of effects on host reproduction, such as induction of cytoplasmic incompatibility, feminization, male killing, and also impacts vector transmission. These characteristics of Wolbachia have been exploited in biological control approaches for a range of insect pests. Here we report the assembly and annotation of the circular genome of the Wolbachia strain of the Kerrville, TX, horn fly (wIrr). Annotation of wIrr suggests its unique features, including the horizontal acquisition of additional transcriptionally active cytoplasmic incompatibility loci. This study provides the foundation for future studies of Wolbachia-induced biological effects for control of horn flies.

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