scholarly journals The role of genes of the second phase of detoxification of xenobiotics in the pathogenesis of multifactorial diseases

2022 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
T. A. Shumatova ◽  
D. V. Kovalenko

The genetic status of a person is currently assigned a major role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. The most important genetic factors that have been attached great importance to are the genes of the glutathione-S-transferase family (GSTs). The genes of the glutathione-S-transferase family belong to the second phase of detoxification of xenobiotics and their altered activity leads to the development of many pathological conditions. GSTM, GSTT, GSTP are considered to be the most polymorphic. The issues of the participation of polymorphic GSTs in the development of infectious, allergic and oncological diseases, disorders of the reproductive system, as well as in the development of Alzheimer's disease are discussed in the article.

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 581-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Hanaei ◽  
Sina Abdollahzade ◽  
Alireza Khoshnevisan ◽  
Christopher K. Kepler ◽  
Nima Rezaei

AbstractIntervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is one of the common causes of low back pain. Similar to many other multifactorial diseases, it is affected by environmental and genetic factors. Although not completely understood, genetic factors include a wide spectrum of variations, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms, which could play a significant role in the etiology of this disease. Besides, the interactions with environmental factors could make the role of genetic factors more complicated. Genetic variations in disc components could participate in developing degenerative disc disease through altering the normal homeostasis of discs. Gene polymorphisms in disc proteins (collagens I, II, III, IX, and XI), proteoglycans (aggrecan), cytokines (interleukins I, VI, and X), enzymes (matrix metalloproteinases II, III, and IX), and vitamin D receptor seem to play considerable roles in the pathology of this disease. There are also many other investigated genes that could somehow take part in the process. However, it seems that more studies are needed to clarify the exact role of genetics in IVDD.


Antioxidants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Arevalo ◽  
José Vázquez-Medina

Peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6, 1-cys peroxiredoxin) is a unique member of the peroxiredoxin family that, in contrast to other mammalian peroxiredoxins, lacks a resolving cysteine and uses glutathione and π glutathione S-transferase to complete its catalytic cycle. Prdx6 is also the only peroxiredoxin capable of reducing phospholipid hydroperoxides through its glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) activity. In addition to its peroxidase activity, Prdx6 expresses acidic calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (aiPLA2) and lysophosphatidylcholine acyl transferase (LPCAT) activities in separate catalytic sites. Prdx6 plays crucial roles in lung phospholipid metabolism, lipid peroxidation repair, and inflammatory signaling. Here, we review how the distinct activities of Prdx6 are regulated during physiological and pathological conditions, in addition to the role of Prdx6 in cellular signaling and disease.


2020 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
E. A. Galliamov ◽  
M. A. Agapov ◽  
P. G. Mal’kov ◽  
D. R. Markaryan ◽  
N. V. Danilova ◽  
...  

Background: A high worldwide incidence of colorectal cancer defines the importance of search not only for effective treatment methods, but also for risk factors for the cancer development and its worst prognosis. The influence of many genetic factors, environmental characteristics and lifestyle features has already been proven, and recently the attention of researchers is being focused on the study of microbiota and, in particular, various parasitic intestinal diseases in the context of risk factors for colorectal cancer.Clinical case presentation: we demonstrate an incidental finding of parasitic invasion signs during the pathomorphological examination of the surgical specimen in a patient without an epidemiological history.Conclusion: Further studies are needed not only to confirm and substantiate the role of micro- and macroorganisms inhabiting the intestine in the development of oncological diseases, but also to identify individual links of pathogenesis, pathological pathways and signaling molecules involved in carcinogenesis. Research like this could help broaden knowledge about both the risk factors and predictors of colorectal cancer and the potential sites for targeted therapy.


2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
V. E. Radzinsky ◽  
А. V. Itkes ◽  
I. M. Ordiiants ◽  
L. O. Orazmuradova ◽  
О. T. Lobanova ◽  
...  

It were studied some aspects, detecting the role of genetic factors in the genesis of hyperplasic illnesses of reproductive system organs (uterus myoma, inside endometriosis, ovaries endometriosis) on the base of complex investigation of 145 patients with such diseases. Obtained data allow consider the absence in allele PL-All of women the gene GPIII is a risk factor in origin and development of hyperplasic illnesses in reproductive system.


2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 466-466
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Boorjian ◽  
Casey K. Ng ◽  
Ravi Munver ◽  
R. Ernest Sosa ◽  
E. Darracott Vaughan ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Yu. Prokopyuk ◽  
◽  
Olga V. Grischenko ◽  
Oleksandra V. Prokopyuk ◽  
Nadiia O. Shevchenko ◽  
...  

2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (46) ◽  
pp. 2101-2109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Péter Csécsei ◽  
Anita Trauninger ◽  
Sámuel Komoly ◽  
Zsolt Illés

The identification of autoantibodies generated against the brain isoform water channel aquaporin4 in the sera of patients, changed the current diagnostic guidelines and concept of neuromyelitis optica (NMO). In a number of cases, clinical manifestation is spatially limited to myelitis or relapsing optic neuritis creating a diverse. NMO spectrum. Since prevention of relapses provides the only possibility to reduce permanent disability, early diagnosis and treatment is mandatory. In the present study, we discuss the potential role of neuroimaging and laboratory tests in differentiating the NMO spectrum from other diseases, as well as the diagnostic procedures and therapeutic options. We also present clinical cases, to provide examples of different clinical settings, diagnostic procedures and therapeutic decisions.


2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-405
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Fontana ◽  
Olga A. Babenko

Aim of this letter is to attract the attention of journal readers to the study of exosomes as an important direction in the development of Oncology, in particular, in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Exosomes are produced by tumor cells and regulate proliferation, metastasis, and the development of chemoresistance. Their extraction from biological fluids allows further use of these vesicles as potential biomarkers of prostate cancer. In the future, exosomes can be successfully used in the delivery of drugs and other anti-tumor substances to cancer cells.


GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera N Prilepskaya ◽  
Elena G Nazarenko

The article provides a modern view on features of different stages of a woman’s life. It presents information on pathogenetic basis and effectiveness of modern phytotherapy with a use of certified agents for a treatment of main pathological conditions associated with different stages of a woman’s life when the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system’s function is formed, actively functions and then undergoes a gradual involution. The features of the use of herbal remedies in pathological conditions of the reproductive system (premenstrual syndrome, hyperprolactinemia, menopausal syndrome, mastalgia, etc.) are described. The article is illustrated with figures and tables for better understanding by clinicians. It emphasis on the features of herbal therapy, its high acceptability, safety and efficacy in the age aspect.


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