scholarly journals Leptin participation in the processes of nervous impulse transmission and its influence on the formation of neuro-mental development of children

2022 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
G. O. Momot ◽  
E. V. Krukovich ◽  
T. N. Surovenko
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Nervous Impulse ◽  
Leptin Receptors ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Functional Features

Review of publications on the functional features of leptin in the central nervous system in children. The participation of leptin mechanisms in the transmission of nerve impulses, the effect of leptin on cognitive functions in children. The article reveals the general mechanisms of maturation of the central nervous system in children, the participation of leptin and leptin receptors in the formation of cognitive abilities in children. Possible interrelationships of impairments in cognitive development and lipid metabolism including obesity are revealed.

scholarly journals Psychophysiological characteristics of the features of the establishment of cognitive functions in senior pupils

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-364
Author(s):  
Nina P. Setko ◽  
Olesya M. Zhdanova ◽  
Andrey G. Setko
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
General Education ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Voluntary Attention ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Introduction. The harmonious development of cognitive processes is a prerequisite for students’ successful mastering of the educational program. The aim of the study is to give a psychophysiological characteristic of the peculiarities of the formation of cognitive functions in senior students. Materials and methods. The study of the functional state of the central nervous system (CNS) by the process of variational chronoreflexometry was carried out in 300 senior pupils of the traditional general education school; the assessment of cognitive abilities and intellectual level development was evaluated by using computer tests. Results. Pupils of the 9th and 11th grades were shown to have no significant differences in the CNS functional indices. In contrast, the CNS functional level was 1.6-1.7 times lower than the physiological norm. The nervous reaction’s stability was 1.3 -1.4 times, the level of functionality of the formed functional system was 1.3 times. The decrease in the level of CNS functioning of the studied adolescents was due to the consumption of reserve functional capabilities of the central nervous system and the body as a whole for the formation of cognitive functions, as evidenced by the development of verbal and non-verbal thinking in students from the 9th to the 11th grade, high speed of thinking processes, voluntary attention and its stability. It was proved that the development of thinking contributed to the formation of voluntary attention, an increase in its stability, and the degree of concentration, confirmed by the established correlation of moderate strength between the accuracy index and the level of formation of various types of thinking (r = 0,4). Conclusion. The established features of students’ intellectual development during a three-year study can be taken into account when organizing the educational process in traditional educational institutions to increase the level of cognitive development and academic performance of students.

Bone-brain crosstalk and potential associated diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Rousseaud ◽  
Stephanie Moriceau ◽  
Mariana Ramos-Brossier ◽  
Franck Oury
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Intimate Relationship ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Reciprocal Relationships ◽  
Skeletal Homeostasis ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

AbstractReciprocal relationships between organs are essential to maintain whole body homeostasis. An exciting interplay between two apparently unrelated organs, the bone and the brain, has emerged recently. Indeed, it is now well established that the brain is a powerful regulator of skeletal homeostasis via a complex network of numerous players and pathways. In turn, bone via a bone-derived molecule, osteocalcin, appears as an important factor influencing the central nervous system by regulating brain development and several cognitive functions. In this paper we will discuss this complex and intimate relationship, as well as several pathologic conditions that may reinforce their potential interdependence.

scholarly journals Features of formation of the functional state of the central nervous system and cognitive abilities in children and adolescents of the school age

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
N. P. Setko ◽  
E. V. Bulycheva ◽  
O. M. Zhdanova
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
General Education ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
School Age ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Objective: The objective is to determine the features of formation of the functional state of the central nervous system (CNS) and cognitive abilities in children and adolescents of the school age.Methods: The study included 300 school children of general education institution of Orenburg. Functional state of CNS was evaluated with variational chronoreflexometry. Cognitive availabilities have been studied with proof-reading test, Landolt ring.Results: From 7–11 y.o. to 16–17 y.o., there was an increase by 1.5 times in parameters of CNS functional state. Students aged from 7–11 y.o. by 12–15 y.o. demonstrated decrease in processing speed by 1.5 times due to increase of cognitive activity to 1.8 times. From 12–15 y.o. by 16–17 y.o., on the contrary, there was an increase of information processing speed by 1.3 times and decrease of cognitive activity by 2.9 times.Conclusions: The detected features of formation of CNS functional state and cognitive abilities in children and adolescents can be taken into account in when organizing personality-oriented training in educational institutions in order to maintain and increase the level of mental performance and academic performance of students. 

scholarly journals SOME ASPECTS OF THE PATHOGENESIS OF ISCHEMIC-HYPOXIC LESIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN NEWBORNS

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-115
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Viktorovna Ledyaikina ◽  
Larisa Alexandrovna Balykova ◽  
Svetlana Vasilyevna Garina ◽  
Olga Nikolaevna Soldatova ◽  
A A Tolkunova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Phospholipid Bilayer ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The problem of perinatal morbidity in case of insufficiently high fertility in Russia is one of the most relevant at the monent. The leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality continue to remain hypoxic-ischemic brain damage the fetus and newborn. Ischemic-hypoxic damage of the central nervous system (CNS) is the most dangerous and prognostic significance. They often fatal and takes a leading role in the future of children and maladjustment of severe disabling diseases. Introduction of innovative medical technologies in health care practice greatly enhances the study of the causes of many diseases and abnormalities in newborns and helps to clarify the etiology, pathogenetic mechanisms, clinical and morphological structure, as well as typical for different gestational age localization of brain damage. It is shown that the generalized disorder of lipid metabolism with the development membranodestruktive processes is closely correlated with the severity of hypoxic-ischemic lesions of the central nervous system. It was found that infants who underwent antenatal and / or intranatal hypoxia, there are significant transformation of lipid metabolism lead to changes in the composition of lipids of blood plasma and red blood cells (with the accumulation level of chaotropic fractions phospholipid bilayer membranes of red blood cells - Lizoform phospholipids and free fatty acids). The necessity inclusion complex therapy consequences of perinatal hypoxia drugs, which have antioxidant, antihypoxic activity and the ability to regulate lipid metabolism.

scholarly journals Diagnostics and Neuropsychological Correction of Children with Neurosis-Like Enuresis and Encopresis

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-62
Author(s):  
D. Bereskin
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Temporal Organization ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Functional Indices

The experience of a work with a group of children with enuresis (six patients) and encopresis (one patient) both of residual-organic origin is analyzed in this article. Work included psychological diagnostic techniques and psychological correction. Psychological diagnostic evaluation was directed to the measurements of different characteristics of sensorimotor reactions, memory, attention and cognitive functions. Functional characteristics of the central nervous system in children with enuresis and encopresis were approximated to those recorded in their healthy peers, while the cognitive functions in present group of children were lower. Psychological correction has included neuropsychological methods, which were aimed at the development of: visual-motor coordination, spatio-temporal organization relations and logic constructions understanding. Based on children's and parent's self-reports and based on medical records also it can be assumed that proposed psychological correction can be effective in enuresis and encopresis in children with similar characteristics, which can be observed. The significance of the functional indices evaluation of the central nervous system by measuring various characteristics of sensorimotor reactions substantiate by results obtained.

scholarly journals Age-specific involutive characteristics of cognitive functions

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Simerzin VV ◽  
Fatenkov OV ◽  
Panisheva YaA ◽  
Galkina MA ◽  
Gagloev AV
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Review Article ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The review article reflects the specific features of involutive cognitive functions in elderly people. Furthermore the basis of these changes is the natural physiological process of morphofunctional remodeling of the human body in general and of the central nervous system in particular. As a result, the elderly and senium people have cognitive decline, and in the presence of provoking medical and social factors and comorbid diseases they may have transient cognitive dysfunction.

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