scholarly journals Iron in Well Water: Case Study in Dulalowo and Heledulaa Districts

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Hendri Iyabu ◽  
Anita Muhammad ◽  
Jafar La Kilo ◽  
Akram La Kilo
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Iron Level ◽  
Water Determination ◽  
Drinking Water Standard ◽  
Water Wells ◽  
Fe Content

This study aims to determine the iron content of water wells in Dulalowo and Heledulaa, Gorontalo City. Ten well water samples were taken randomly from five different wells in each district. Water samples at each well consist of top, middle, and bottom water. Determination of iron level using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) at a wavelength of 248.33 nm. The results showed that the iron concentration of well water in Dulalowo was 0.030 (D1), 0.265 (D2), 0.224 (D3), 0.158 (D4), 0.149 ppm (D5). Meanwhile, iron levels in Heledulaa were 0.100 (H1), 0.039 (H2), 0.159 (H3), 0.198 (H4), and 0.235 ppm (H5). These results prove that the Fe content in the well water in the two districts is still fulfil the drinking water standard which is a maximum of 0.3 mg/L iron.

scholarly journals Analysis of Chloride Levels in Well and PDAM Water in Ngelom Village, Sidoarjo

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Khoirul Ngibad ◽  
Dheasy Herawati
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Inorganic Anion ◽  
Titration Method ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
Maximum Threshold

<p>Chloride is an anion that dissolves easily in water samples and it is the main inorganic anion founded in water samples. Excess of chloride ions in drinking water can damage the kidneys. The aims of this study is to determine chloride levels in well and PDAM water samples in Ngelom Village. Determination of chloride levels in water samples using the Mohr argentometric titration method. The samples used was well water and PDAM water, each was taken from 20 locations in Ngelom Village. The samples were mixed with K<sub>2</sub>CrO<sub>4</sub> indicator and then were titrated using the silver nitrate standard solution until the end point of the titration was marked with a brick red color. The results of the analysis of chloride levels in well water of 92 to 491 mg/L and in PDAM of 57 to 230 mg/L. Based on these results, it can be concluded that chloride levels in both well water and PDAM water samples were below maximum threshold which appointed in Permenkes RI No. 416/Menkes/Per/IX/1990 (≤600 mg/L).</p>

scholarly journals Vulnerability of Drinking-Water Wells in La Crosse, Wisconsin, to Enteric-Virus Contamination from Surface Water Contributions

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 5937-5946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Borchardt ◽  
Nathaniel L. Haas ◽  
Randall J. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Water Wells

ABSTRACT Human enteric viruses can contaminate municipal drinking-water wells, but few studies have examined the routes by which viruses enter these wells. In the present study, the objective was to monitor the municipal wells of La Crosse, Wisconsin, for enteric viruses and determine whether the amount of Mississippi River water infiltrating the wells was related to the frequency of virus detection. From March 2001 to February 2002, one river water site and four wells predicted by hydrogeological modeling to have variable degrees of surface water contributions were sampled monthly for enteric viruses, microbial indicators of sanitary quality, and oxygen and hydrogen isotopes. 18O/16O and 2H/1H ratios were used to determine the level of surface water contributions. All samples were collected prior to chlorination at the wellhead. By reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), 24 of 48 municipal well water samples (50%) were positive for enteric viruses, including enteroviruses, rotavirus, hepatitis A virus (HAV), and noroviruses. Of 12 river water samples, 10 (83%) were virus positive by RT-PCR. Viable enteroviruses were not detected by cell culture in the well samples, although three well samples were positive for culturable HAV. Enteroviruses detected in the wells by RT-PCR were identified as several serotypes of echoviruses and group A and group B coxsackieviruses. None of the well water samples was positive for indicators of sanitary quality, namely male-specific and somatic coliphages, total coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli, and fecal enterococci. Contrary to expectations, viruses were found in all wells regardless of the level of surface water contributions. This result suggests that there were other unidentified sources, in addition to surface water, responsible for the contamination.

scholarly journals Harvested Rainwater Quality: A Case Study Of Aule In Akure, South Western Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Ochuko Mary Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Water Sample ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Rain Water ◽  
World Health ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Health Organization

The quality of harvested rainwater in Aule area of Akure, South western Nigeria was assessed in this study. Water samples were collected from 25 rain water storage tanks within the study area and a well was used as a control. The water samples were subjected to detailed laboratory analysis and the results obtained was compared with World Health Organization (WHO) standard for drinking water. The turbidity values ranged from 2.7 to 9.1 NTU for the harvested rainwater samples while the well water sample had a turbidity of 2.3 NTU. The conductivity values for the rainwater samples ranged from 101 to 1328 Ωs/cm. The conductivity value was lower in the well water (164 Ωs/cm) than in most of the harvested rain water samples. The pH of the harvested rainwater ranged from 6.1 to 7.4 with 36 % of the water samples having a pH less than the WHO minimum limit of 6.5. The pH of the well water sample was 7.4 and was within the WHO acceptable limits of 6.5 to 8.5. All the sampled rainwaters and well water had bacteria in them. The total bacterial content of the rain water samples ranged from 05 to 28 CFU/100 mL, while that of the well was 05 CFU/100 mL. The total coliform contents of the rainwater samples ranged from 03 to 18 CFU/100 mL, while that of the well was 02 CFU/ 100 mL. Based on the results obtained from this study, it is recommended that harvested rainwater be treated to kill contaminating microorganisms and to reduce the health risks associated with its consumption.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLUORIDE CONTENTS IN GROUNDWATER AND PREVALENCE OF FLUOROSIS IN TAY SON DISTRICT, BINH DINH PROVINCE, VIETNAM

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (4B) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Phan Nhu Nguyet
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
World Health ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Drinking Water Standard ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
The Government ◽  
Health Organization

The communities within Binh Dinh province in the Central Vietnam are reliant on groundwater as their primary supply of domestic and potable water. Meanwhile, it is seriously contaminated with fluoride that causing fluorosis problem for people. This study aims to investigate the link between severity of dental fluorosis rate in a population and fluoride concentration in drinking water in Tay Son area. A total of 50 well-water samples were collected and 220 people were surveyed by questionnaire from 50 households at 3 villages: Tay Phu, Binh Tuong, Tay Giang of Tay Son district, Binh Dinh province, Vietnam. The quantitative assessment of severity of dental fluorosis was done by calculating the Community Fluorosis Index (CFI) using Dean’s classification. Result of this study showed that fluoride concentration in well-water varied from 0.31 mg/L to 7.69 mg/L (mean 2.66 mg/L, SD: 2.18 mg/L) with 70 % of well-water samples above the maximum permissible limit of 1.5 mg/L of World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water standard. 100 % people surveyed was suffered from dental fluorosis and Dean scale of dental fluorosis ranged from level 2 to level 5. CFI varied from 3.45 to 4.13 above limit value (0.6). The community seriously suffered from dental fluorosis. The fluoride concentrations and Dean Index have high correlation (r = 0.580, p < 0.0001). Based upon results of this study, it is recommended that the government should supply drinking water with appropriate fluoride content for this community.

scholarly journals Arsenic in private drinking water wells: an assessment of jurisdictional regulations and guidelines for risk remediation in North America

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Chappells ◽  
Louise Parker ◽  
Conrad V. Fernandez ◽  
Cathy Conrad ◽  
John Drage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Drinking Water Standard ◽  
Water Wells ◽  
Individual Capacity ◽  
Management Approaches

Arsenic is a known carcinogen found globally in groundwater supplies due to natural geological occurrence. Levels exceeding the internationally recognized safe drinking water standard of 10 μg/L have been found in private drinking water supplies in many parts of Canada and the United States. Emerging epidemiological evidence confirms groundwater arsenic to be a significant health concern, even at the low to moderate levels typically found in this region. These findings, coupled with survey data reporting limited public adherence to testing and treatment guidelines, have prompted calls for improved protective measures for private well users. The purpose of this review is to assess current jurisdictional provisions for private well water protection in areas where arsenic is known to naturally occur in groundwater at elevated levels. Significant limitations in risk management approaches are identified, including inconsistent and uncoordinated risk communication approaches, lack of support mechanisms for routine water testing and limited government resources to check that testing and treatment guidelines are followed. Key action areas are discussed that can help to build regulatory, community and individual capacity for improved protection of private well water supplies and enhancement of public health.

scholarly journals Determination of Physicochemical Parameters and Mineral Compositions of Hand Dug Well Water Samples Collected from Selected Local Government Areas in Oyo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
S. A. Okewole ◽  
L. O. Oyekunle ◽  
O. O. Akande ◽  
A. I. Amusat ◽  
A. I. Amuzat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Well Water ◽  
North East ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Mineral Compositions ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid ◽  
Dug Well

Potable water is essential for human survival but contaminations through human activities have jeo pardized it. This research will create awareness on the condition of hand dug well water used and reduce transmission of diseases in the study areas. The study deals with the determination of physic-chemical parameters and Mineral composition of water samples collected in the month of September, 2019 from hand dug well from selected local government areas in Oyo State Nigeria, (Ibadan North-East, Ibarapa Central, Afijio, Ogbomoso South and Iseyin local government). The parameters examined were Temperature (ToC), Potential Hydrogen (pH), Conductivity (µ/S-1/cm), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS ppm), Salinity (ppm), Dissolved Oxygen (DO mg/L),Potassium (K+), Calcium (Ca2+), Magnesium (Mg2+), Zinc (Zn2+) and Chloride (Cl-). Standard analytical methods were used. The analytical results of the study revealed that Temperatures are within 27 and 28oC, the pH of the samples ranges from 4.7-6.8, Conductivity falls between 785-1671 µ/S-1/cm. The TDS ranges from 550-1346 ppm, Salinity from 384-956 ppm while DO had the values ranges of 6.03-11.44 mg/l. Potassium (K+) (1.92-6.22 mg/l), Calcium (Ca2+) (14.74-18.52 mg/l), Magnesium (Mg2+) (6.34-7.81 mg/l), Zinc (Zn2+) (0.39-0.47mg/l) and Chloride (Cl-) (26.19-28.70 mg/l). It was noted that, Conductivity, salinity and DO were high compared to WHO and NSDWQ permissible standard limits. This indicated that pollution from dumpsites and erosion has great impact on the water. The mineral compositions of the water samples are within the permissible limit recommended by WHO. It is advisable that proper drainage and sewer systems should be constructed in all areas to ensure proper disposal of hazardous liquid waste, thereby preventing seepage into groundwater and surface water.

Determination of priority pesticides in water samples combining SPE and SPME coupled to GC–MS. A case study: Suquía River basin (Argentina)

Chemosphere ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 1860-1869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocío Inés Bonansea ◽  
María Valeria Amé ◽  
Daniel Alberto Wunderlin
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Pesticides In Water ◽  
Suquía River
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