scholarly journals FEATURES OF ENDOMETRIUM STRUCTURE IN ALCOHOL-ABUSING HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
M. Lytvynenko
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Relative Volume ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Minimum Diameter ◽  
Secretory Type

Background. Patients with comorbid pathology occupy leading positions in the practice of a doctor of any specialty especially in patients with HIV. Reproductive system is known to be the gateway for viruses. This fact could explain the severity of changes developing in the female reproductive system infected with HIV, in particular in the endometrium. The purpose of this study was to assess morphological changes in the endometrium caused by the combined effects of HIV infection and chronic alcoholism. Materials and methods: The study included sectional material taken from 60 women of reproductive age (20-40 years). They were all divided into two groups. The first group (30 people) consisted of HIV-positive individuals who, according to a survey of relatives and according to an autopsy (the main symptom is the presence of alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver), alcohol abuse was confirmed. The following parameters were determined: the average diameter of the endometrial glands (proliferative type), the minimum diameter of the endometrial glands (proliferative type), the maximum diameter of the endometrial glands (proliferative type), wall thickness (proliferative type), the relative volume of the epithelium (proliferative type), the average diameter of the glands (secretory type), the minimum diameter of the glands (secretory type), the maximum diameter of the glands (secretory type), the relative volume of the epithelium (secretory type), the thickness of the epithelium. Results. the average diameter of the endometrial glands (proliferative type) decreased from 51.71 ± 2.90 x 10-6 m in the comparison group to 39.42 ± 2.35 x 10-6 m in the HIV-infected group, which was 23.77%. The minimum diameter of the endometrial glands (proliferative type) reduced from 32.47 ± 1.83 x10-6 m to 27.13 ± 1.73x10-6 m (16.45%), the maximum diameter from 72.14 ± 2.21 x10-6 m to 63.84 ± 3.29 x10-6 m (11.5%). the relative volume of the epithelium (proliferative type) decreased by 5.41% (from 54.43 ± 1.79% in the study group to 49.02 ± 2.65% in the control group). The thickness of the uterine wall was also significantly reduced from 15.18 ± 1.60 x10-6 m to 14.52 ± 1.19 x10-6 m, which was 4.35%. The maximum volume of glands (secretory type) changed from 127.98 ± 2.10 x10-6 m to 97.18 ± 3.12 x10-6 m (24%). Changes by 3.6% were also observed when examining the wall thickness (from 13.02 ± 1.36 x10-6 m to 12.55 ± 1.68 x10-6 m). Conclusion. The study evaluated features of endometrial restructuring in alcohol-abusing HIV-infected women.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF ENDOMETRIAL RESTRUCTURING IN HIV INFECTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 200-204
Author(s):  
Marianna Lytvynenko
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Relative Volume ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Minimum Diameter ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

The purpose of our study was to evaluate the features of endometrial restructuring when infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Materials and methods: The study involved sectional material taken from 60 women of reproductive age from 20 to 40 years. Group 1 (30 women) consisted of women who were diagnosed with HIV infection. The control group comprised women (30) without concomitant HIV infection. Results. An average diameter of the endometrial glands (proliferative type) was 8% smaller in HIV infection than in the comparison group. The minimum diameter of the endometrial glands (proliferative type) decreased by 1.73%, the maximum was 5.24% less in the HIV-infected group than in the comparison group. The wall thickness was reduced by 0.5% in HIV infection. The relative volume of the epithelium decreased by 2.4% (proliferative type). There were also significant changes in the structure of the glands and endometrium in secretory phase, as in the proliferative type. Thus, the average diameter of the glands decreased by 5%, the minimum volume of the glands by 5.01%, the maximum by 11.2%, the wall thickness by 1.5%, the relative volume of the epithelium by 9.5%, less in the group HIV-infected than in the comparison group. The thickness of the epithelium increased by 4.5% in the HIV-infected group compared with the comparison group. Conclusion. The study evaluated features of endometrial restructuring in the presence of concomitant HIV infection in women.

Medical aspects of the pregnant women with cervical insufficiency and infertility in anamnesis

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-50
Author(s):  
O.M. Perkhulyn ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cervical Insufficiency ◽  
Basic Group ◽  
Anovulatory Infertility

The formation of the puberty period is an important background for the female reproductive system in the future and the realization of the childbirth. The objective: to assess medical aspects in women with cervical insufficiency (CI) and infertility associated with anovulation in history. Materials and methods. 60 pregnant women with CI and anovulatory infertility in anamnesis formed the basic group. In these persons the pregnancy occurred after the use of additional reproductive technologies. The control group formed 30 pregnant women without CI and infertility and with physiological pregnancy. Results. In 33.33% individuals in the basic group menarche started in 16 years old and more. While in the control group in all women menarche started in 11–15 years old (χ2=11.00; p<0.001). In the reproductive age all controls (100.00%) had regular menstrual cycle that was in 3.33 times more than the women in the basic group (30.00%; χ2=36.61; p<0.001), 70.00% persons in the basic group had irregular menstruations. The menstruations were always irregular from menarche in 16.64% persons with CI vs none cases among healthy women (χ2=4.06; p=0.04). Endometriosis was diagnosed in 48.33% individuals with CI and infertility, polycystic ovary syndrome – 38.33%, diminished ovarian reserve – 26.67%, hyperandrogenism – 41.67%, ovary cyst – 20.00%. The rate of the infections of the low genital tract before pregnancy was higher in women in the basic group, also 45.00% of these women had gynecological operations (χ2=19.43; p<0.001); thyroid diseases – 25.00% (χ2=5.03; p=0.02), overweight and obesity – 26.67%. Conclusion. Thus, the results of our study indicate that in the persons with cervical infertility and anovulatory infertility in anamnesis disorders in the reproductive system mostly start from the puberty period; the high rate of gynecological diseases, operations on the pelvic organs, pregnancy loss are typical for them. Key words: infertility, cervical insufficiency, factors.

scholarly journals Effect of Diabetes on the Male Reproductive System—A Histomorphological Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 017-023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushma Kotian ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Sanchari Mallik ◽  
Nandini Bhat ◽  
Anne Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Minimum Diameter

Introduction Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder characterized by lack of insulin production by the β cells of the pancreas. This lack of insulin causes a variety of systemic effects on the metabolism of the body, one of which is reproductive dysfunction. The present study investigates the effects of diabetes on the male reproductive system of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Material and Methods A total of 18 adult male Wistar rats weighing ∼ between 250 and 300 g were included in the present study. The animals were divided into normal and diabetic groups. The diabetic group was further subdivided into 2 subgroups with durations of 24 and 48 days. A single dose of STZ (40 mg/kg body weight) was administrated intraperitoneally to the animals of the diabetic group. After the planned duration, the testes and epididymides were dissected, and their gross weight was measured. The tissues were then processed for histological study. Results The gross weight of the testes and epididymides in diabetic rats at 24 and 48 days showed a decrease in comparison to the control. (p < 0.01 for testes and epididymides).Diabetic animals presented a significant decrease in the diameter of the seminiferous tubules compared with the control group (p < 0.01). The epididymides in the diabetic groups showed a considerable reduction in the tubular surface area compared with the control group (p < 0.01). There was also a reduction in the mean diameter, which was measured using the maximum and minimum diameter of the tubules (p < 0.01). Conclusion The present study is an insight into the adverse effects that diabetes can have on the tissue structure of the testes, of the epididymides, and ultimately on the process of spermatogenesis.

scholarly journals Morphological testicular changes following the experimental inguinal hernia repair modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
N. G. Kulchenko
Keyword(s):  
Inguinal Hernia ◽  
Hernia Repair ◽  
Inguinal Hernia Repair ◽  
Polypropylene Mesh ◽  
Inguinal Canal ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tension Free ◽  
Spermatogenic Epithelium

Purpose of the study. To evaluate morphological changes in the testes in experimental animals after tension-free inguinal hernia repair modeling.Materials and methods. The study included male rabbits, aged 120 days, weighing 3.8 ± 0.9 kg. All rabbits were divided into two groups depending on the type of operation: in the first group (n = 10) of animals, we made a model of tension-free inguinal hernia repair and used a polypropylene mesh; in the second group (n = 10) of animals, we left the structures of the inguinal canal intact. Morphological assessment of spermatogenesis was performed after 40 days. All morphometric measurements were carried out on strictly cross-sections of the convoluted seminal tubules.Results. In rabbits of group 1, the volume of the testicle was significantly three times less than in animals of group 2 (p < 0.05). In the animals of the first group, a significant deterioration in spermatogenesis was observed (p < 0.05). Histological examination of sections of the testes of these animals showed that hypoplasia of the spermatogenic epithelium was present in the convoluted seminal tubules, in 1/8 of the tubules there was subtotal aplasia of the spermatogenic epithelium, Sertoli-Cell-Only Syndrome was detected only in 2 %. Atrophy of the convoluted seminal tubules was not recorded at this period of observation. In the animals of the control group, almost 90 % of cases of spermatogenesis disorders were not detected.Conclusions. This experimental study on rabbits showed that after using a polypropylene mesh for inguinal canal plastic, inhibition of germ cell maturation occurs after 1.5 months. Therefore, in men of reproductive age, it is necessary to use polypropylene mesh implants with caution in terms of performing inguinal hernia repair.

scholarly journals TOXOPLASMOSIS: MORPHOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF SPINAL CORD NEURONS FROM NONSYMPTOMATIC SEROPOSITIVE DOGS

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Cristina Francischini de Carvalho ◽  
Maria Rita Pacheco ◽  
Silvana Martinez Baraldi-Artoni ◽  
Annita Morais Girardi
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neuron Morphology ◽  
Minimum Diameter ◽  
Spinal Cord Neurons ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Morphology And Morphometry ◽  
Student’S T

The aim of this work was to analyze the neuron morphology and morphometry of cervical, thoracic and lumbar areas of nonsymptomatic seropositive dogs’ spinal cord for toxoplasmosis. Twenty indefinite-breed adult dogs were used; ten dogs were healthy, with negative serology for toxoplasmosis, and were used as the control group (group 1), and ten dogs were nonsymptomatic but seropositive for toxoplasmosis (group 2). After the microtomy, with interval of 100 micrometers (µm), the histological 5-µm-thick cuts were dyed by hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome techniques. The glass slides were analyzed under light microscope to examine the neuron morphology. The parameters considered for the morphometric analysis were area, perimeter, maximum diameter, minimum diameter and shape factor of cytoplasm and nucleus of neuron. The results were statistically analyzed by Student’s t test at 5% probability level. The morphological characteristics between the two groups were similar and according to literature. The morphometric results showed that there were changes in neurons size and structure, and increase and loss of star shape were noticed in seropositive animals. The results suggest that the neurons of these dogs, yet nonsymptomatic, can have lost their conductor function.

scholarly journals Nuclear morphometric study of prostatic atrophy

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
Manuela Enciu ◽  
Mariana Aschie ◽  
Anca Chisoi ◽  
I. Poinareanu ◽  
Liliana Ana Tuta
Keyword(s):  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nuclear Area ◽  
Adenomatous Hyperplasia ◽  
Prostatic Atrophy ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The prostatic atrophy is a lesion with small glands that can mimic adenocarcinoma, commonly diagnosed in the elderly and whose preneoplastic role is controversial. Over time several classifications have been developed for this lesions according to its architectural and cellular aspects. Materials and Methods: Aim of the study is morphometrically assessment of epithelial component nuclei in prostatic atrophy. We evaluated parameters represented by nuclear area (NA), nuclear perimeter P (μm) Elongation factor (E), average diameter (DEQ), maximum diameter (Dmax), Minim diameter (Dmin). The control group was represented by adenomatous hyperplasia component of benign hyperplasia of the prostate. Results: Morphometric analysis revealed significantly higher values of nuclear parameters in atrophy compared with adenomatous component in controls (p <0.05) which can signify nucleomegaly and a potential preneoplastic role.

scholarly journals Indicators of activin A in patients with external genital endometriosis. Materials of 15th International Interdisciplinary Congress on Allergology and Immunology (May 22-24, 2019, Moscow)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-95
Author(s):  
M A Levkovich ◽  
N V Ermolova ◽  
I I Krukier ◽  
T G Avanesova ◽  
A A Nikashina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Activin A ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Systemic Level

Actuality. External genital endometriosis (EGE), leading to functional and structural changes in the reproductive system and infertility, takes the 3rd place in the structure of gynecological pathology. Objective. To determine the local and systemic level of activin A in patients with external genital endometriosis. Materials and methods. The study included 71 patients with EGE, who were divided into two groups: 1 group - patients with I-II stages (n=31); 2 - patients with III-IV stages (n=40). The control group included 24 patients without EGE. The determination of the level of activin A in the serum and peritoneal fluid was performed by enzyme immunoassay using DSL test systems (USA). Results. In the blood serum the level of activin A exceeded in patients of both studied groups compared the control group, but the most evident changes were observed in patients with stage III-IV of EGE. In the study of peritoneal fluid an increase in activin A was found only in patients in the 2nd group. Conclusion. An increase of serum and peritoneal fluid activin A level was associated with the risk of developing of EGE in patients of reproductive age.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF ENDOTHELIOCYTES AND REMODELING OF THE ARTERIES UNDER THE EXPERIMENTAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 972-977
Author(s):  
Ihor I. Yuryk ◽  
Yaroslav Ya. Bodnar ◽  
Svitlana V. Trach-Rosolovska ◽  
Olena I. Hladii ◽  
Petro Ya. Bodnar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltration ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morphological Marker ◽  
Experimental Hypercholesterolemia ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltrates

Introduction: Under the conditions of experimental hypercholesterolemia, endothelial dysfunction develops with the morphological marker which is an increase in the number of blood-circulating desquamated endothelial cells (DEC), but this situation needs to be clarified in the development of this pathology in the age aspect. The aim: To find out the features of remodeling of endothelial cells and arteries of the hind limbs in the rats of pre-repopductive and reproductive age with experimental hypercholesterolemia. Materials and methods: The experimental group consisted of 16 animals with biochemically confirmed hypercholesterolemia, which were divided into 2 groups: group 1 – 8 animals, aged 2–3 months, weighing 150–170 grams and group 2 – 8 rats aged from 11 to 11 months weighing 230–250 gram. The control group consisted of rats of the same age of 8 animals in each. Results: Hypercholesterolemia causes damage to the vascular endothelium of the arteries, which is characterized by an increase in the number of desquamated endothelial cells in the peripheral blood. The most circulating blood in desquamated endothelial cells was detected in 45 days of study in animals of reproductive age, where the number of desquamated endothelial cells increased by 2.56 times, and in animals of pre-reproductive age – 2.35 times. Morphological changes were characterized by thickening of the intima of the arteries of the femur, knee and tibia due to swelling of the endothelial cells, their desquamation and proliferative changes in places of preserved vascular endothelium. In response to the deposition of lipids and PAS-positive substrates, cellular reactions appeared as weak lymphocytic infiltration. In addition to hyperlastosis, fragmentation of elastic fibers was revealed. Correlation of intima contributed to the narrowing of vascular lumen. Lipids, xanthoma cells and sour mucopolysaccharides were accumulated in the inner membrane of the arteries. In addition to lymphocytic infiltrates, the amount of collagen fibers in adventitia increased. Conclusions: Under conditions of hypercholesterolemia the number of desquamated endothelial cells in the blood increases, and arterial remodeling is characterized by manifestations of hypertrophic-neoplastic remodeling in rats of pre-reproductive age, and in reproductive animals there were sclerotic and inflammatory changes.

ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ АКТИВИНА А У ПАЦИЕНТОК С НАРУЖНЫМ ГЕНИТАЛЬНЫМ ЭНДОМЕТРИОЗОМ. МАТЕРИАЛЫ 15-ГО МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО МЕЖДИСЦИПЛИНАРНОГО КОНГРЕССА ПО АЛЛЕРГОЛОГИИ И ИММУНОЛОГИИ (22-24 МАЯ, 2019, МОСКВА)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Levkovich ◽  
N.V. Ermolova ◽  
I.I. Krukier ◽  
T.G. Avanesova ◽  
A.A. Nikashina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Activin A ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Systemic Level

Обоснование. В структуре гинекологической патологии наружный генитальный эндометриоз (НГЭ) занимает 3-е место, приводя к функциональным и структурным изменениям в репродуктивной системе и бесплодию. Цель. Определение содержания активина А на локальном и системном уровне у пациенток с наружным генитальным эндометриозом. Материалы и методы. Под наблюдением находилась 71 пациентка с НГЭ, которые были распределены на две группы: 1-я группа - пациентки с I-II стадиями (n31) 2-я - пациентки с III-IV стадиями (n40). В контрольную группу вошли 24 пациентки без НГЭ. Определение содержания активина А в сыворотке крови и перитонеальной жидкости проводили методом иммуноферментного анализа с использованием тест-систем DSL (США). Результаты. У пациенток в обеих исследуемых группах содержание активина А в сыворотке крови превысило показатели контрольной группы. Наиболее выраженные изменения отмечены у пациенток с III-IV стадией НГЭ. При исследовании перитонеальной жидкости обнаружено повышение активина А только у пациенток во 2-й группе. Заключение. Повышение содержания активина А в сыворотке крови и перитонеальной жидкости ассоциировано с риском развития НГЭ у пациенток репродуктивного возрастаActuality. External genital endometriosis (EGE), leading to functional and structural changes in the reproductive system and infertility, takes the 3rdplace in the structure of gynecological pathology. Objective. To determine the local and systemic level of activin A in patients with external genital endometriosis. Materials and methods. The study included 71 patients with EGE, who were divided into two groups: 1 group - patients with I-II stages (n31) 2 - patients with III-IV stages (n40). The control group included 24 patients without EGE. The determination of the level of activin A in the serum and peritoneal fluid was performed by enzyme immunoassay using DSL test systems (USA). Results. In the blood serum the level of activin A exceeded in patients of both studied groups compared the control group, but the most evident changes were observed in patients with stage III-IV of EGE. In the study of peritoneal fluid an increase in activin A was found only in patients in the 2ndgroup. Conclusion. An increase of serum and peritoneal fluid activin A level was associated with the risk of developing of EGE in patients of reproductive age.

Indicators of an ovarian reserve in women of early reproductive age with PCOS depending on the phenotype

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elgina Svetlana ◽  
Artymuk Natalia ◽  
Beglova Anzhelika
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Volume Number ◽  
High Level ◽  
Ultrasound Parameters

Abstract Background The objective was to study ovarian reserve values in women of early reproductive age with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) according to their phenotype. Materials and methods Two hundred women of early reproductive age with PCOS and without PCOS were studied by clinical, laboratory (hormonal), ultrasound and statistical methods. Results The anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) index in women with PCOS with the main (A) and non-androgenic (D) phenotypes corresponded to a high level, with anovulatory (B), ovulatory (C) corresponding to a normal level. AMH in women with the main (A) phenotype differed and was higher compared with women with anovulatory (B) and ovulatory (C) phenotypes and had no differences to women with the non-androgenic (D) phenotype. No differences in the AMH level between anovulatory (B) and ovulatory (C) phenotypes have been established. Ultrasound parameters of the ovaries (volume, number of antral follicles in the section, average diameter of the follicles) of women with PCOS of the main (A), ovulatory (C) and non-androgenic (D) phenotypes were statistically significantly larger than healthy ones. With anovulatory (B) phenotype these figures did not differ from the control group. When comparing phenotypes by ultrasound parameters of the ovaries the main (A), ovulatory (C) and non-androgenic (D) phenotypes did not have any differences among themselves. Anovulatory phenotype (B) had lower ultrasound indices. Conclusion The study of indicators of ovarian reserve in women of early reproductive age with PCOS is a promising direction that will allow to more accurately determine the reproductive potential of each particular woman and influence the choice of treatment tactics.

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