PHOTOSYNTHETIC POTENTIAL OF CHICKPEA CROPS IN THE FOOTHILL ZONE OF NORTH OSSETIA-ALANIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-676
Author(s):  
V.V. Tedeeva ◽  
◽  
A.A. Tedeeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
North Ossetia

The article is devoted to the study of the influence of sowing methods, seeding rate and herbicide on the development, yield and photosynthetic activity of chickpea sowing – one of the most controversial issues in chickpea agricultural technology. The influence of sowing methods and seeding rates on the photosynthetic activity of plants has been studied. The selection of effective measures to control chickpea weeds is also part of our research. One of the most significant issues for obtaining high yields of chickpea is the correct sowing method, seeding rate and the use of herbicides. The studies were carried out in 2017–2018. on the experimental field of the North Caucasus Research Institute of Mining and Piedmont Agriculture of the All-Russian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences on leached chernozems: arable layer pH salt. 5.8–6, humus content 5.8%, easily hydrolyzable nitrogen – 80 mg/kg, available phosphorus – 118 mg/kg, exchangeable potassium – 120 mg/kg, molybdenum – 0.25 mg/kg, boron – 0,5 mg/kg of soil. In field experiments, the seeding rates, the method of seeding and the effect of herbicides were studied. The aim of the research was: to develop agricultural practices that ensure the collection of grain products and vegetable protein in the foothill zone of RNO-Alania. According to the results of the studies, in the conditions of the foothill zone of the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania, according to the complex of indicators of plant activity, variants were distinguished when applying the herbicide with seeding rates of 0.8 and 1.0 million viable seeds per hectare with a wide-row sowing method and with seeding rates 0.6–0.8 million germinable seeds per hectare with the drill method. Against a herbicide-free background, the best options were with a seeding rate of 1.0 million viable seeds per hectare, both with wide-row and with a row sowing method.

PRODUCTIVENESS OF PEAS IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF NORTH OSSETIA – ALANIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 649-657
Author(s):  
A.A. Tedeeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
North Ossetia

The article is devoted to the study of the influence of sowing methods, seeding rate and herbicide on the development, yield and photosynthetic activity of chickpea sowing – one of the most controversial issues in chickpea agricultural technology. The influence of sowing methods and seeding rates on the photosynthetic activity of plants has been studied. The selection of effective measures to control chickpea weeds is also part of our research. One of the most significant issues for obtaining high yields of chickpea is the correct sowing method, seeding rate and the use of herbicides. The studies were carried out in 2017–2018. on the experimental field of the North Caucasus Research Institute of Mining and Piedmont Agriculture of the All-Russian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences on leached chernozems: arable layer pH salt. 5.8–6, humus content 5.8%, easily hydrolyzable nitrogen – 80 mg/kg, available phosphorus – 118 mg/kg, exchangeable potassium – 120 mg/kg, molybdenum – 0.25 mg/kg, boron – 0,5 mg/kg of soil. In field experiments, the seeding rates, the method of seeding and the effect of herbicides were studied. The aim of the research was: to develop agricultural practices that ensure the collection of grain products and vegetable protein in the foothill zone of RNO-Alania. According to the results of the studies, in the conditions of the foothill zone of the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania, according to the complex of indicators of plant activity, variants were distinguished when applying the herbicide with seeding rates of 0.8 and 1.0 million viable seeds per hectare with a wide-row sowing method and with seeding rates 0.6–0.8 million germinable seeds per hectare with the drill method. Against a herbicide-free background, the best options were with a seeding rate of 1.0 million viable seeds per hectare, both with wide-row and with a row sowing method.

scholarly journals Influence of the growth regulator “Regoplant” and microfertilizer “Ultramag Kombi” on photosynthetic activity of potatoes in the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania

2021 ◽  
Vol 210 (07) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Larisa Ikoeva ◽  
Oksana Haeva
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Photosynthetic Productivity ◽  
North Ossetia

Abstract. The purpose of the work is to study the influence of the growth regulator “Regoplant” and microfertilizer “Ultramag Kombi” on the photosynthetic productivity of the potatoes of the Barna variety based on the results of field experiments in the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. Methods. Studies on the tasks were carried out in 2018–2020. at the experimental site of the NCRIMFA branch of the VSC of RAS in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania according to generally accepted methods. The soil of the experimental plot is medium-power heavy loamy leached chernozem, lined with pebbles. Results. It is established, that biological products under identical soil and weather conditions assisted different progress of plants and approach of phases of vegetation. For all variants of the experiment, the number of stems increased by 0,3–0,7 pcs., the height of the stems of potato plants – by 3,8–4,9 cm in comparison with the control. An intense increase in the mass of tops occurred when using a tank mixture (growth regulator “Regoplant” (25 ml/ha) + microfertilizer “Ultramag Combi” (0,75 l/ha)) – by 74 g/bush, or 15.5 % compared with the control variant. During the growing season, the sum of the photosynthetic potential (FP) was 1,070 thousand m2 •days/ha in the control, and on average 1198–1406 thousand m2•days/ha in the experimental variants. The greatest accumulation of dry matter was noted when using a tank mixture – 917 g/m2. The maximum pure photosynthetic productivity was observed in experimental variant IV – 6,52 g/m2•day compared to the control option. Scientific novelty. For the first time in the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania the effect of the growth regulator “Regoplant” and microfertilizer “Ultramag Kombi” on photosynthetic activity of potatoes was studied. Practical significance. The studies carried out make it possible to recommend in potato production the use of a tank mixture of an effective growth regulator “Regoplant” at a dose of 25 ml/ha and microfertilizer “Ultramag Combi” at a dose of 0,75 l/ha, as an ecologically safe and low-cost agricultural method when processing vegetative plants, providing an increase in yield and quality of tubers.

scholarly journals The productivity of crop rotations on the eroded slope of ordinary chernozems depending on agricultural practices

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 02007
Author(s):  
Izida Ilyinskaya ◽  
Emma Gaevaya
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Preservation Of Fertility

Field experiments were carried out in the Rostov region on the slope of ordinary chernozems in the system of contour-strip organization of the territory in 2011-2020. The aim of the research was the development of agrotechnical methods (design of crop rotation, the method of basic tillage and the background of fertilizers), which ensure high productivity of crop rotations on the eroded slope of ordinary chernozems and the preservation of fertility. The experiment included three factors: the design of the crop rotation, the method of the main tillage, the background of mineral fertilizers. It was found that, on average, for the period of research, the level of mineral nutrition has the greatest influence on the productivity of the crop rotation (83.9%), followed by the design of the crop rotation (14.9%). The influence of basic tillage is estimated at only 1.2%. It was found that the introduction of 20% of perennial grasses into the structure of crop rotation reduces soil washout by 19.5-27.7%, and an increase in the proportion of perennial grasses to 40% by 38.3-43.8%. The use of chisel tillage reduces washout by 15.6-24.2%, and with it the loss of humus. In the “C” crop rotation in all variants of the experiment, the humus content increased by 0.010.03%. It was revealed that the productivity of all the studied crop rotations changed under the influence of agrotechnical methods, reaching in the crop rotation “C” with 40% of perennial grasses and 60% of grain crops on average for the studied period the highest value of 3.53 t / ha of grain units, which is 9.3% higher than in the “B” crop rotation and 17.3% higher than in the “A” crop rotation.

scholarly journals The Influence of Agricultural Practices, the Environment, and Cultivar Differences on Soybean Seed Protein, Oil, Sugars, and Amino Acids

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nacer Bellaloui ◽  
Angela M. McClure ◽  
Alemu Mengistu ◽  
Hamed K. Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Competition ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Lower Protein ◽  
Nutritional Qualities

Information on the effects of agricultural practices such as seeding rate (S), row spacing (RS), herbicide apical treatment (T), and nitrogen application (N) on soybean seed nutrition (protein, oil, fatty acids, sugars, and amino acids) is limited. Although seed composition (nutrition) constituents are genetically controlled, agricultural practices and environmental conditions significantly influence the amount and quality of seed nutrition. Therefore, the objective of this research was to understand the responses of these seed composition constituents to these practices, the environment, and cultivar differences. Two-field experiments were conducted, in 2015 and 2016, in Milan, TN, USA. The experiments were irrigated with four replications and included: two soybean cultivars, two seeding rates, three different row spacings, two N rates, and Cobra herbicide apical treatment. The results showed significant effects of S, RS, N, and T on some seed composition constituents, including protein; oleic, linolenic, and stearic acids; sugars; and some amino acids. The current research demonstrated that single or twin row with a seeding rate of 40,000 seeds ha−1 resulted in higher protein, oleic, some sugars, and some amino acids. However, a high seeding rate of 56,000 seeds ha−1 resulted in lower protein, oleic acid, some sugars, and some amino acids due to plant competition for soil nutrients. Herbicide apical application of Cobra1X resulted in higher linolenic acid and some amino acids. Application of nitrogen resulted in higher protein, linolenic, and some amino acids. This research is beneficial to the scientific communities, including breeders and physiologists through advancing knowledge on the interactions between cultivars and environment for seed nutritional quality selection, and to soybean producers through consideration of best agricultural management to maintain high seed nutritional qualities.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of herbicides in winter wheat in the steppe zone of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania

2020 ◽  
Vol 193 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
A. Tedeyeva ◽  
A. Abayev ◽  
V. Tedeyeva ◽  
Natalia Khokhoeva
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The North ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
The Republic ◽  
North Ossetia

Abstract. The authors present the results of the use of herbicides on winter wheat crops in the steppe zone of North Ossetia-Alania. The purpose of the work is to study the effectiveness of the use of herbicides in winter wheat crops. The object of research is two varieties of winter wheat – Trio and Utrish, which differ in maturity, susceptibility to leaf-stem pathogens. The novelty lies in the fact that for the first time in the steppe zone of the Mozdok region, in the research and production department of the North Caucasus Research Institute of Mining and Piedmont Agriculture of the All-Russian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the effectiveness of the use of herbicides in winter wheat crops was studied, an economic assessment of the studied agricultural techniques was given. Methods. The counts and observations were carried out according to generally accepted methods described in the “Educational-methodical guide for conducting research in agronomy”. Results. As a result of the use of herbicides and their tank mixture, it contributed to a significant reduction in the number of weeds (the percentage of death in the bumping phase varied between 55.9–81.1 % compared to the control). The removal of mineral nutrition elements by weeds was: nitrogen – 72.6 kg/ha, phosphorus – 14.4 kg/ha, potassium-52.4 kg/ha. Herbicides had a positive effect on photosynthetic activity. The leaf area during its maximum development (earing phase) according to the studied variants increased by 12.7–16.4 %, and the photosynthetic potential – by 13.7–17.8 %. The PPF for the studied options (the average value for the growing season) increased by 0.34–0.51 g/m2 per day. The studied drugs contributed to a significant increase in productivity. The largest increase was obtained according to the option: Grench (5 g/ha) + Luvaram (800 ml / ha) – 2.39–2.60 t/ha. The profitability level in the control (without herbicides) was at the level of 25.7 % (grade Trio), and according to the studied options ranged from 148.7 % (Luvarum 1600 ml / ha) to 169.2 % (Grench 5 g/ha + Luvaram 800 ml/ha).

scholarly journals Efficiency of organomineral fertilizer “Bioklad” in mixed sowing of oats with peas in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania

2020 ◽  
Vol 201 (10) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Larisa Ikoeva ◽  
Oksana Haeva
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Component Mixture ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
North Ossetia

Abstract. The authors present the results of the application of complex organo-mineral fertilizer “Bioklad” on mixed sowing of oats with peas in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. The purpose of the work is to study the effectiveness of the use of the organomineral fertilizer “Bioklad” on the yield and nutrition of mixed sowing of oats with peas in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. Methods. Studies on the tasks were carried out in 2016–2018 at the experimental site of the North Caucasus Research Institute of Mountain and Foothill Agriculture – branch of the Federal Center “Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences” in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania according to generally accepted methods. The soil of the experimental plot is medium-power heavy loamy leached chernozem, lined with pebbles. Results. The use of fertilizer “Bioklad” had a significant impact on the timing, fullness of shoots and the density of standing plants up to harvest. The field germination rate for peas varied between 70,5 and 72,4 %, while the oat rate was 76,4 to 80 %. The option with seed inoculation was highlighted. According to the dynamics of the height of the plants also stood out the option with the inoculation of seeds. The use of complex fertilizer “Bioklad” had a positive effect on the yield and quality of the green mass of oats with peas. The largest amount of phytomass was obtained under the variant with inoculation of seeds – 283,3 c/ha, which is higher than the control version at 68,3 c/ha. In terms of the content of digestible protein, the harvest of the mixture of oats with peas exceeded the zootechnical norm, the yield from one hectare reached 6,0–6,9 c/ha, against 5,2 c/ha in control, which per feed unit was 113,7–119,9 g. The collection of feed units amounted to 50,02–60,68 kg/ha, and in the control 44,23 kg/ha, feed protein units, respectively: 55,01–64,84 kg/ha; 48,12 kg/ha. Scientific novelty. For the first time in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania studied the effect of complex organomineral fertilizer “Bioklad” on plant growth processes, formation of green mass, quality of products in a two-component mixture (oats + peas).

scholarly journals REVIEW OF THE G.S. KAYMARAZOV’S MONOGRAPH “CULTURAL FORMATION IN AUTONOMOUS REPUBLICS OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS. 1961 – 1980S’. HISTORY. PROBLEMS OF COOPERATION. PART 2”

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-93
Author(s):  
Mirzabek Y. Mirzabekov
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Publication ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Cultural Formation ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Principal Researcher ◽  
North Ossetia

A new monograph by the Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Principal Researcher of the Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Dagestan Scientific Center of RAS Gani Kaymarazov “Cultural Formation in the Autonomous Republics of the North Caucasus. 1961-1980s’. History. Problems of cooperation” has been published. The monograph is a continuation of a two-volume scientific publication, the first part of which was published in 2016. It covers the history of cultural formation in Dagestan, Kabardino-Balkaria, North Ossetia and Chechen-Ingushetia in the 1960-1980s’ in the context of their cooperation and interaction.

scholarly journals Pre-sowing seed treatment of narrow-leafed lupin against anthracnose and other diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
L. I. Pimokhova ◽  
G. L. Yagovenko ◽  
Zh. V. Tsarapneva ◽  
N. V. Misnikova
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Biological Effectiveness ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Object Of Study

The results of laboratory and field studies of the effectiveness of the Tirada SK disinfectant (suspension concentrate) against anthracnose seed infection and other lupine diseases are presented.The work was carried out in 2018-2020 in the Bryansk region. The object of study is the seeds, seedlings and crops of the Vityaz narrow-leafed lupin. In laboratory conditions, the effectiveness of the Tirada SK disinfectant (tiram 400 g / l + difenoconazole 30 g / l) was studied in three application doses (1.0; 1.5; 2.0 l / t). The biological effectiveness was evaluated by the number of infested seedlings grown in paper-polyethylene rolls compared to the control (without dressing). High biological effectiveness (100%) against anthracnose was shown by doses of 1.5 and 2.0 l / t. The highest overall germination (99.6%) and the number of seeds with strong seedlings (90.4%) were noted in the variant with a dose of 1.5 l / t. At the same time, the length of roots and hypocotyl of seedlings increased significantly (LSD05 = 0.69 and LSD05 = 0.51) by 18.0 and 1.0%, respectively. The field experiment was carried out in four repetitions, the plot area was 34 m2. The seeding rate was 1.2 1.2 million viable seeds / ha. The soil of the plot is grey forest with the humus content of 2.7%. The predecessor is spring sown cereals. Seed dressing with Tirada disinfectant at a consumption rate of 1.5 l / t was applied one month before sowing. The effectiveness of the disinfectant was evaluated in comparison with the control. The average biological effectiveness of the disinfectant against anthracnose infection was 94.3%. By the shiny pod phase, the number of affected pods was 5.7%, compared to 26.4% in the control. Plant infestation by Fusarium (Fusarium spp.) was reduced from 18.7% in the control to 11.8% in the experiment and by Rhizoctonia (Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn.) from 9.8% to 2.8%. The spread of grey rot and white rot on pods has been reduced by a factor of 2.4 and 2.8, respectively. The seed germination increased significantly (LSD05 = 0.71) by 8.1% and the safety of productive plants at harvest increased by 35.3%. A significant (LSD05 = 0.041) increase in seed yield was 0.82 t/ha, with a cost recovery of 7.15 rubles.

scholarly journals INCREASING YIELD OF NEW VARIETIES OF SOYBEAN BY APPLYING CORRECTIVE DRESSINGS

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Andrey Vasil'chikov ◽  
Aleksey Semenov ◽  
Vladimir Zotikov
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Basic Treatment

Abstract. The article presents the results of field experiments to study the effect of foliar dressing on the yield of soybean seeds. The studies were carried out at the FSC ZBK in 2018-2020. In a field experiment on a dark gray forest heavy loamy soil, we studied the reaction of two soybean varieties (Leader-1 and Mezenka) to treatment with the highly effective inoculant Rizoform and foliar application with Ultramag combi microfertilizer and the amino acid biostimulator Biostim oilseed. The experimental design included the following options: control (without inoculation and treatment), seed dressing with Scarlet fungicide, basic treatment (Scarlet and Rizoform inoculant), basic treatment in combination with one and two foliar dressings with the studied preparations. The experiment was repeated four times. Experimental plots area – 10 m2. Sowing was carried out with a SKS-6-10 seeder in a wide-row method (row spacing - 45 cm) in the second decade of May. Seeding rate - 600 thousand viable seeds/ha. According to the results of the experiment, a positive effect of the tested preparations on the formation of the yield of soybean seeds was established. The most effective in terms of the factor of treatments was the option with the use of two foliar dressings with Ultramag combi and Biostim oleaginous at a dose of 0.5 l/ha. The increase in yield on average for the experience was 9.4% in relation to the control. According to the cultivar factor, the Leader 1 cultivar showed a higher yield - 2.87 t/ha versus 2.67 t/ha of the Mezenka cultivar. The responsiveness of the Mezenka variety to carrying out corrective dressing was higher than that of the Leader 1 variety (11.5 and 6.4%, respectively). The profitability of soybean cultivation was 83 - 106%. The economic effect when carrying out two leaf treatments amounted to 2,490 rubles for the Leader 1 variety and 4900 rubles for the Mezenka variety

RESULTS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN BREEDERS OF DIFFERENT INSTITUTIONS IN CREATION OF NEW GENERATION APPLE TREE

1970 ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Е. N. Sedov ◽  
T. V. Yanchuk ◽  
S. А. Korneeva ◽  
L. I. Dutova ◽  
Е. V. Ulianovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
The North ◽  
State Register ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
New Generation

The experience in cooperation of breeders of different institutions in creating cultivars is shown. It is not always when the breeding institution has the necessary initial forms for selection. In this regard, there is a need to conduct separate stages of selection in different breeding institutions. For this purpose, a provision on authorship and continuity in the integrated work of several institutions in fruit breeding has been developed (Program and methods of fruit, berry and nut crop breeding. Annex. – Orel, 1995. – pp. 492-498). Breeding work of the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK) and North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking can serve as a positive experience of creating new apple cultivars by two institutions. As a result of the joint work of these two institutions, 22 apple cultivars have been created, of which 9 have already been included in the state register of breeding achievements approved for use (zoned), including three cultivars for the conditions of the Middle zone of Russia – Aleksandr Boiko, Maslovskoye and Yablochny Spas and six cultivars for the conditions of the North Caucasus – Vasilisa, Karmen, Margo, Orfey, Soyuz and Talisman. Brief economical and biological characteristics of these cultivars are given in this paper. The obtained practical results indicate that in some cases, when creating modern cultivars that meet the requirements of production, it is necessary to use the knowledge of breeders, the source material and equipment of different breeding institutions, and carry out separate stages of the selection process in different institutions.

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