STRATEGIC PLANNING OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1465-1476
Author(s):  
K.N. Andrianov ◽  
◽  
Y.V. Popkov ◽  
A.K. Markov ◽  
E.E. Mozhaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
World Market ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Market Management ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

In this article, the authors analyze the experience of strategic planning for the scientific and technological development of the PRC. It is concluded that: largely due to effective strategic planning, over the past 15 years, the PRC has multiplied its economic potential and has become one of the most powerful countries in the world. The achievements of the PRC in the development of advanced technologies are especially impressive. The PRC has managed to create from scratch high-tech export-oriented sectors of the economy that are competitive in the world market. The characteristic features of the Chinese scientific and technological development management system are revealed: a clear definition of priority areas of scientific and technological development, concentrating efforts on a limited number of areas of science and technology development that are important for increasing the competitiveness of the national economy; planning manages scientific and technological development, the main one envisaging environmental achievement of long-term and moment of short-term goals, development and certain implementation of such long-term integrated marine programs, software R&D and innovative development; government stimulation of effective cooperation between science, education and business in ensuring the entire innovation cycle - from fundamental research to the introduction of developments in production, for the development of high-tech sectors; the use of a significant part of export earnings for the acquisition of modern equipment technologies; strict regulation of foreign investments in order to direct them to the sectors of new and high technologies; a harmonious combination of planning and market management methods in the development of small innovative business. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of the main elements of the state scientific and technological policy of the PRC. In addition, the authors conduct a detailed analysis of the main documents of the strategic planning of the PRC in the field of innovative development.

scholarly journals Implementation of Policy Papers in the Field of Scientific and Technological Development of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-533
Author(s):  
Natalia Vasetskaya
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
Technological Complex ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The present research featured scientific and technical policy papers in Russia. The research objective was to study the normative legal acts that determine the strategic scientific and technological development of the country. The paper contains an analysis of the goals stated in these documents and defines the efficiency of the target indicators. The study was based on systematization methods, content analysis, and comparative analysis of the main strategic legal acts that form Russian scientific and technical policy. These documents are divided into two groups. The first one contains the goals and objectives of scientific and technological development, but no quantitative values of targets, or indicators, of scientific and technological development. The second group specifies these indicators. The study revealed that not all the goals outlined in the policy papers have been met, and there are targets for scientific and technological development that have not been achieved yet. Moreover, some of the measures provided in the policy papers were implemented with a noticeable delay or were not implemented at all. For instance, the list of end-to-end technologies still remains unapproved. All these issues hindered the development of Russian competitive high-tech sector of goods and services: the country failed to develop mechanisms that could stimulate its transition to innovative development of real sector enterprises and to improve the resource base for scientific and technological complex.

scholarly journals INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY AS A DETERMINING FACTOR OF INCREASING NATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Kovpaka
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Tech ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
National Competitiveness ◽  
The World ◽  
Low Efficiency

This publication is devoted to highlighting the problem of ensuring the appropriate level of national competitiveness and identifying ways to increase it in today's competitive market environment. In the context of the study, the main reasons for Ukraine's chronic lag in the system of international economic relations were identified, including: irrational use of the country's resource potential, high material consumption, energy-intensive economy, low efficiency of economic reforms, physical and moral depreciation, lack of sufficient funding for research and development, high unemployment and the progressive trend of emigration of scientists, unfavorable investment climate and others. According to the main factors used by the world community in determining the growth of competitiveness of the economy, three groups of indicators were identified, which are the main competitive advantages in an unstable market economy, namely: factors of production, income and investment and innovation potential. It was possible to analyze the indicators of the human development index and the level of competitiveness of the country on the basis of data from the International Institute for Development Management and the UNDP Report. Indicators of Ukraine in the ranking of innovative economies of the world helped to determine the main causes of technological backwardness of the country, based on which the main directions of innovation development were proposed: state support of science-intensive production, reorientation of raw materials orientation of Ukraine's exports to conduct innovative business. Attracting investment in technology development and innovative development of enterprises, stimulating the production of high-tech products and compliance with quality standards are the most important steps towards the reorientation of Ukraine's economy to an innovative model of socio-economic growth.

Finland’s and Israel’s Experience of Innovative Development

2012 ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
N. Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
World Market ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The World

The production and promotion of high-tech products and new technologies to the global market is an essential condition for the competitiveness of the country. Some states that do not have abundant natural resources have made a stake on the development of advanced technologies. This secured them a place among the world leaders in terms of economic growth and population’s living standards. In-depth analysis of world practices of facilitating innovation is a pre-requisite for formulating the recommendations on the conditions for innovative development and competitiveness of Russia. From this point of view, the experience of Finland and Israel, which have managed to solve the respective problems is very interesting. Besides Finland and Israel, a similar model of innovation development is used in Sweden, Norway, Iceland and several other countries. The advantage of this model is that it creates an opportunity for national leadership at the world market of innovation. The national companies engaged in the development of new technologies create markets for themselves. Namely, they generate new needs and satisfy them, thus, they do not have to follow the market.

Social Context of Innovation Development

2013 ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
N. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Context ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Ethical Norms ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The article deals the problems of innovative development, primarily those of accumulation of human capital that occupies the central position of the world economy of XX century. Its priority is based on revolutionary character of scientific and technological development of recent decades. This not only triggers the major breakthroughs a number of leading branches of knowledge but makes the innovations permanent. At the same time under the conditions of globalization the issues of moral and ethical norms and universal solidarity come to forefront. This makes more and more urgent the change of the developmental priorities.

scholarly journals Scientific and technological determinants of innovation development strategy

2019 ◽  
pp. 8-23
Author(s):  
Vladimir Alexeevich Eliseev
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
National Income ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Innovation Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The subject content of the work is domestic innovative development, the theme – scientific and technological aspects, and purpose – consideration of the determinants of the current Strategy until 2020 and prospective one – anticipated Strategy until 2030. The Methodology of work is the application of elements of system analysis (taken and expected government decisions) in the field of innovation research and technological development relating to directions, outcomes, determinants, indicators, challenges and priorities. The research is based on the general scientific method (problem statement, information-analytical generalizations, classification and analogies, analysis and synthesis, inductive-deductive approach). The results of the work consist in the formulation of scientific and technological determinants of innovative development. The application scope of the results is the strategy of innovative development until 2030. Conclusion. The strategy of innovative development until 2020 takes into account the bases of strategic planning and scientific and technological development of the country, the selected model and the tempos of innovative development take into account the world experience and domestic characteristics, aimed at parity-adapted integration into the world economy, contribute to reducing the retardation from developed countries. Step-by-step formulation of scientific and technological determinants of innovation Strategy until 2030 can be expected from the discussed draft Program «Scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation for 2019–2030». For comparative and analytical clarification of the development model (within the framework of the Strategy until 2030), it is important to display its innovative characteristics (scientific and technical novelty, satisfaction of market demand, tradability) against the background of global trends and projected features of the «road map» of the new technological mode. At the same time, the scientific and technological determinants of innovative development will definitely remain trans-parently oriented priority areas for the development of science, technology and technology, critical technologies and technological platforms. In addition, due to the multiplicative role of attracted investments in the growth of national income and employment, it seems promising to continue to remove obstacles to the development of public-private partnerships; although, in order to increase the level of technological development of the private sector and change for the better the unsatisfactory financing of R&D by business, in the foreseeable future, limited state protectionism is intended to initiate demand for innovations.

scholarly journals Research of the status of scientific and technical development of the countries of the world

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Index ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Technical Development ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Technological Activity ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development ◽  
Integral Indicator

In modern conditions to ensure sustainable economic growth of the country and increase the competitiveness of the national economy, it is necessary to ensure scientific and technological development. The purpose of the article is to study the state of scientific and technical development of the countries of the world in the context of developing recommendations for Ukraine. Method of research: graphical and statistical analysis of indicators of scientific and technical activity, index method for calculating the integral indicator of scientific and technical activity of the country. The work analyzed the dynamics of the main indicators characterizing the scientific and technical activity. In order to identify the leader among the countries in the scientific and technological development, the calculation of the integral indicator, which determines the place of the country in the overall ranking of countries, was calculated. According to the results of the calculation - the best result is demonstrated by the USA, and Ukraine is the last among the estimated countries. It is proved that the current state of scientific and technological activity in Ukraine does not correspond to its orientation towards sustainable and innovative development, which are declared in the relevant strategic documents. The USA's success in providing innovative development has been analyzed in order to develop recommendations for improving the scientific and technical state of Ukraine. It is determined that in the USA the promotion of scientific and technological activity is conditioned by the implementation in the country of a new model of the national innovation system is the model of a triple spiral. Conclusions: the study of the experience of scientific and technical activity of different countries of the world gives Ukraine the opportunity to formulate its own priorities for development in this sphere, which will ensure the formation of an innovative economy.

Management of sustainable innovation for national development

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Alvaro Cristian Sánchez Mercado
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
National Development ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The World ◽  
End Use ◽  
Research Centres ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Throughout history the development of the countries has been generated mainly by the impulse in two complementary axes: Science and Technology, and Trade. At present we are experiencing an exponential scientific and technological development and the Economy in all its fronts is driven by the intensive application of technology. According to these considerations, this research tries to expose the development of Innovation Management as a transversal mechanism to promote the different socioeconomic areas and especially those supported by engineering. To this end, use will be made of Technology Watch in order to identify the advances of the main research centres related to innovation in the world. Next, there will be an evaluation of the main models of Innovation Management and related methodologies that expose some of the existing Innovation Observatories in the world to finally make a proposal for Innovation Management applicable to the reality of Peru, so that it can be taken into consideration by stakeholders (Government, Academy, Business and Civil Society) committed to Innovation Management in the country

INVESTMENT ACTIVITY AS ONE OF THE FACTORS OF ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
A.V. Korchemnaya
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
World Market ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
System A ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation

Competitiveness of Russia economy under modern conditions demands systemacy of public administration. As a result of creation of national strategic planning system a number of govern-ment programs aimed at the economy development of the Russian Federation and perspective en-trance of the country to the world market is carried out. One of the main tasks of the economy de-velopment is creation of favorable investment climate in the country, investment activity, attraction of investments into the economy of the country’s regions.

scholarly journals A Transformation of the Approach to Evaluating a Region’s Investment Attractiveness as a Consequence of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Economies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Dmitriy G. Rodionov ◽  
Evgenii A. Konnikov ◽  
Magomedgusen N. Nasrutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
World Order ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Regional Environment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status

The global COVID-19 pandemic has caused a transformation of virtually all aspects of the world order today. Due to the introduction of the world quarantine, a considerable share of professional communications has been transformed into a format of distance interaction. As a result, the specific weight of traditional components of the investment attractiveness of a region is steadily going down, because modern business can be built without the need for territorial unity. It should be stated that now the criteria according to which investors decide if they are ready to invest in a region are dynamically transforming. The significance of the following characteristics is increasingly growing: the sustainable development of a region, qualities of the social environment, and consistency of the social infrastructure. Thus, the approaches to evaluating the region’s investment attractiveness must be transformed. Moreover, the investment process at the federal level involves the determination of target areas of regional development. Despite the universal significance of innovative development, the region can develop much more dynamically when a complex external environment is formed that complements its development model. Interregional interaction, as well as an integrated approach to innovative development, taking into account not only the momentary effect, but also the qualitative long-term transformation of the region, will significantly increase the return on investment. At the same time, the currently existing methods for assessing the investment attractiveness of the region are usually heuristic in nature and are not universal. The heuristic nature of the existing methods does not allow to completely abstract from the subjectivity of the researcher. Moreover, the existing methods do not take into account the cyclical properties of the innovative development of the region, which lead to the formation of a long-term effect from the transformation of the regional environment. This study is aimed at forming a comprehensive methodology that can be used to evaluate the investment attractiveness of a certain region and conclude about the lines of business that should be developed in it as well as to find ways to increase the region’s investment attractiveness. According to the results of the study, a comprehensive methodology was formed to evaluate the region’s investment attractiveness. It consists of three key indicators, namely, the level of the region’s investment attractiveness, the projected level of the region’s investment attractiveness, and the development vector of the region’s investment attractiveness. This methodology is based on a set of indicators that consider the status of the economic and social environment of the region, as well as the status of the innovative and ecological environment. The methodology can be used to make multi-dimensional conclusions both about the growth areas responsible for increasing the region’s innovative attractiveness and the lines of business that should be developed in the region.

BRICS Countries Possible Areas for Scientific Cooperation

2015 ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
I. Dezhina
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
A Share

The article evaluates science sectors and effectiveness of scientific research in the countries forming the BRICS group, as well as the current state of scientific and technological cooperation among the group members. The science sectors of the countries under consideration differ markedly, while facing similar problems relating to government regulations and external environments. The differences exist in total expenditures on research and development (as a share of GNP), in the scope of governmental funding (large in Russia and India, but small in China), and in the distribution of allocations among various areas and types of R&D activities. China appears to have the most well-adjusted science sector among the BRICS members. It includes not only strong universities but also high-tech companies that invest actively into research and development. The overall impact (inferred from citation indexes) of fundamental and exploratory research performed in BRICS countries remains low. BRICS's scientists prefer to collaborate with their colleagues from the world-leading countries rather than with their fellows from BRICS. Yet, in contrast to the world trend, in all BRICS countries, except Russia, a share of internationally co-authored publications is now decreasing. BRICS members have more similar interests and priorities in technological development, including infrastructural and large technological projects, than in science. Currently, bilateral cooperation in technology prevails, while the projects involving all members of the group still remain at the stage of preliminary evaluation and discussion. Russia cooperates most closely with China and India, including joint projects in such high-priority directions as new materials, photonics, biomedical, space and information technologies. For Russia, cooperation in technological development appears to be of most interest because it can lead not only to introduction of new technologies but also help to create large Russian innovative companies. Development of successful multilateral cooperation in science and technology among the BRICS members is the key for this group, originally formed for geopolitical reasons, to evolve into an effective economic union.

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