scholarly journals Deciphering the effect of different nitrogen doses on grain protein content, quality attributes and yield related traits of rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-539
Author(s):  
Rashmi Upadhyay ◽  
Mamta Banjara ◽  
Devidas Thombare ◽  
Shrikant Yankanchi ◽  
Girish Chandel
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Cooked Rice ◽  
Polished Rice ◽  
Low Protein

Understanding the gravity of nutritional significance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) protein, an experiment conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) involving effect of nitrogen (N) rates i.e.,140 kg N/ha, 120 kg N/ha, 100 kg N/ha and 80 kg N/ha on grain protein content, yield parameters and cooking characteristics of polished rice from eight rice genotypes was conducted. N application significantly affected the grain protein content, grain yield, head rice recovery, plant height and effective tillers. In high protein cultivars substantially low to intermediate amylose content and more cooking time was recorded while in low protein counterpart amylose content was comparatively high with low cooking time. Maximum cooking time in polished rice was of 25 min at 180 kg N/ha dose and highest amylose content of about 27% at 80 kg N/ha. Gumminess and hardness of cooked rice and cooking time significantly elevated with increase in N dose. The substantial differences in grain protein content in brown, polished and cooked rice was observed. Cooking revealed the significant increase in protein content ranged from 50%-70% in low protein to high protein genotypes. R-RGM-ATN-47 with highest grain yield of 62.13 q/ha, grain protein content of 10.00 % in polished rice and intermediate amylose appears to be the most promising candidate.

scholarly journals Yield and protein content in grain of winter triticale collection samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-506
Author(s):  
Sergey N. Ponomarev ◽  
Mira L. Ponomareva ◽  
Gulnaz S. Mannapova ◽  
Lubov V. Ilalova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
High Protein Content ◽  
Winter Triticale

The aim of the study is to characterize winter triticale samples by protein content in grain and productivity, to identify sources of high protein content and high grain yield for use in breeding process. Experimental work was carried out in the conditions of Tatarstan Republic in 2013-2017. The collection of 93 varieties of winter triticale of Russian selection, obtained from the Federal Research Center “All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources"(VIR) was evaluated in field trials. Wide genetic diversity of the studied gene pool was demonstrated by grain protein content (11.69...16.15 %) and grain yield (277...579 g/m2). Protein content and grain yield were mostly determined by the growing conditions – the factor “year” (58.1 % and 61.8 %, respectively), with a relatively small share of the factor “genotype” (23.9 % and 15.4 %, respectively). Significant variation in the values of the studied indicators, both by genotype and by year, was observed. There were identified 19 sources of high protein content in grain (over 14.5 %) and 17 sources of high grain yield (over 510 g/m2), which showed a significant excess of the standard Bashkirskaya korotkostebelnaya. A group of samples with a relatively high protein content (13.8 ... 14.1 %) and yield higher than the average value (450...500 g/m2) was identified. The highest breeding value among the sources of high yield was shown by samples Zimogor, Kornet, Privada, Vodoley, 3/9 oh Ag 4418, and among the sources of high protein content – Kurskaya stepnaya, Mir, Student, Svyatozar. The listed variety samples additionally possessed a complex of positive features: high ear productivity, high full-scale weight and large grains. In varieties Dokuchaevsky 8 and Privada there was noted a favorable combination of significantly high levels of yield (542 and 527 g/m2, respectively) and protein content in the grain (14.28 and 13.93 %, respectively). The finding of a reliable moderate negative correlation (r = -0.682) between yield and grain protein content indicates that grain protein content can be increased by breeding methods at relatively high or medium yields of varieties.

Variability for grain protein content among germplasm accessions and advanced breeding lines in dolichos bean (Lablab purpureus L. Sweet var. Lignosus Prain)

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 289-292
Author(s):  
Pranesh ◽  
S. Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Protein Rich ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

AbstractProtein energy malnutrition (PEM) is prevalent in south-east Asian countries including India. Breeding and introduction of grain protein-rich varieties of legumes such as dolichos bean is considered as cost-effective approach to combat PEM. Exploitation of genetic variability within germplasm accessions (GAs) and/or breeding populations is the short-term strategy for identification and delivery of protein-rich dolichos bean cultivars to cater to the immediate needs of the farmers and target population. A set of 118 dolichos bean genotypes consisting of 96 GAs and 20 advanced breeding lines (ABLs) and two released varieties (RVs) was field evaluated in augmented deign for dry grain yield per plant and their grain protein contents were estimated. The grain protein content among the genotypes ranged from 18.82 to 24.5% with a mean of 21.73%. The magnitude of estimates of absolute range, standardized range, and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) for grain protein content was higher among GAs than those among ABLs + RVs. However, average grain protein contents of GAs were comparable to those of ABLs + RVs. Nearly 50% of the genotypes (mostly GAs) had significantly higher grain protein content than those of RVs, HA 3 and HA 4. The grain protein contents of the genotypes were poorly correlated with grain yield per plant. These results are discussed in relation to strategies to breed grain protein-rich dolichos bean cultivars.

Effect of late application of nitrogen on the yield and protein content of wheat

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (115) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
WM Strong
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Price Ratio ◽  
N Application ◽  
Boot Stage ◽  
Supplementary Irrigation

On the Darling Downs the growth and yield of a semi-dwarf wheat (cv. Oxley) under supplementary irrigation was increased by the application of up to 400 kg/ha of nitrogen (N) at planting. Nitrogen at 50 or 100 kg/ha applied at the boot stage to supplement 100 kg/ha applied at planting increased grain yield by 459 and 478 kg/ha, respectively. However, yields were still below those where all the N was applied at planting. In contrast, supplementary N (0, 25, 50 or 100 kg/ha) at flowering or after flowering generally did not increase grain yield. One exception to this was where only 50 kg/ha was applied at planting; an additional 100 kg/ha at flowering increased grain yield by 602 kg/ha. Applied at planting, more than 200 kg/ha of N was needed to produce premium grade wheat (i.e. protein content above 11.4%). To achieve this protein content where 100 kg/ha had been applied at planting an additional 100 kg/ha was needed at the boot stage or 50 kg/ha at flowering. Applied after flowering, up to 100 kg/ha of additional N produced wheat of a protein content too low to attract a premium payment. A similar quantity of N was assimilated whether the entire N application was applied at planting or where the application was split between planting and boot or flowering. Less N was assimilated when the application was split between planting and after flowering. More N was assimilated from soil than from foliar applications at the boot stage. Soil and foliar applications were equally effective at flowering in increasing the amount of N assimilated as well as the grain protein content. However, after flowering foliar application was the more effective method. The application of N at flowering to increase the protein content of this semi-dwarf cultivar is not an attractive commercial practice. The price ratio of premium to Australian Standard White wheat in recent years (<1.071 ) is less than that needed (1.0954-1.3013) to justify splitting the N application to lift grain protein content above 11.4% at the expense of yield.

scholarly journals Response of wheat yield and its components to zinc and iron application under different levels of nitrogen

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gheith El-Sayed ◽  
◽  
Ola El-Badry ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

To evaluate the effect of nitrogen, zinc and iron as soil application on yield and yield component of wheat, the present study was conducted at Agricultural and Experimental Research Station at Giza, Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University, Egypt during 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons. The experimental design was split-plot in randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that positive significant effect on plant height, number of spike/m2, spike length; number of grain per spike, grain yield per unit area in both seasons and grain protein content in one season were achieved by application of N and the micronutrients. Whoever, the highest significant in the above mentioned characters was obtained either by application the highest N levels (100kg N /fed.) or in addition to mixture of Zn and Fe. The interaction between the studied factors had significant effect on plant height and grain yield in both seasons as well as on grain protein content in the second season, where the highest values of these parameters were recorded by application of 100kg N/fed., Zn and Fe in mixture.

Grain protein and grain yield of durum wheats from south-eastern Anatolia, Turkey

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 665 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Koç ◽  
C. Barutçular ◽  
N. Zencirci
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Environmental Effect ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Eastern Anatolia ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Crop Varieties

High grain protein in durum wheat [Triticum turgidum ssp. turgidum L. conv. Durum (Desf.)] is one of the main goals of breeding programs. Landraces may be very useful germplasm for achieving this goal. To examine their potential as a source of high grain protein content, 11 genotypes, including 7 landraces, were evaluated in 8 environments. Environment, genotype, and the interaction of the two (G E) significantly influenced the variation in grain yield, grain protein content, and grain protein yield. The environmental effect was the strongest, mostly due to differences in water supply. Grain yields of the modern genotypes were higher than those of landraces. Yields of the modern genotypes tended to respond more strongly to the higher yielding environments, but they varied more than the yields of landraces. With the exception of VK.85.18, the grain protein content of the high-yielding genotypes was almost as high as that of the best landraces. Moreover, grain protein content of these bred genotypes tended to respond more strongly to the higher protein environments. Differences in grain protein yield were closely related to the differences in grain yield. The results indicate that it is possible to improve grain protein content without grain yield being adversely affected. The results also indicate that potential gene sources should be compared over a number of environments before they can be used as breeding material or as crop varieties producing high grain protein yields.

Variability in grain protein in Australian hexaploid wheats

1990 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
FL Stoddard ◽  
DR Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Yield Level ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Market Requirements ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Western Australian

Grain protein content and grain yield data were collected from 11 Interstate Wheat Variety Trials (IWVT) and other sources. The level of variation in grain protein content beyond that attributable to covariation in environment and yield was estimated using a generalized linear model. A range of almost 4% in corrected protein content was found among 204 lines tested in IWVT. The Western Australian cv. Tincurrin was approx1% lower in grain protein content than any other line, while Shortim, Sun 43A, QT2200-20, QT2612-1 and Sun 92A were all 1.4-1.7% higher than the pooled mean of 4 control cultivars (Cook, Eagle, Halberd and Oxley). Accessions did not vary significantly in protein content with change in yield. Results from a range of other independent trials confirmed those from IWVT. Wheats genetically capable of producing a higher concentration of protein in their grain at a given yield level came principally from the Sydney University and Queensland breeding programmes, and those producing a lower concentration principally from Victoria and Western Australia. Grain hardness was independent of grain protein content and many low protein hard wheats entering the IWVT fell well outside current international market requirements.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Metabolism at Tillering Stage Differently Affects the Grain Yield and Grain Protein Content in Two Durum Wheat Cultivars

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Fortunato ◽  
Nigro ◽  
Paradiso ◽  
Cucci ◽  
Lacolla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Nitrogen Abundance

Soil nitrogen abundance, as well as nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), significantly affect the crop yield and grain protein content (GPC). Depending on the genotype, a negative correlation between the yield and GPC can occur. The aim of the study was to assess the agronomic performance, and to explore physiological pathways for the efficient use of N fertilizer for two durum wheat cultivars, “Aureo” and “Vespucci”. After fertilization, the nitrogen content and values of some of the agronomic parameters and yield-related traits increased in both cultivars; nevertheless, a simultaneous rise in both the yield and GPC occurred only in Aureo. The biochemical parameters, analyzed at tillering, confirm the genotypic specificity of nitrogen use. In Vespucci’s roots, the nitrogen supply did not affect the nitrate reductase (NR), but greatly increased the amino acids and proteins, suggesting that ammonium is preferentially assimilated. In Aureo, nitrate is in part assimilated by the roots, as suggested by the ammonium increase and NR enhancement. In the leaves of both cultivars, organic nitrogen significantly increased after fertilization; however, the rise in amino acids, as well as in NR activity, was higher in Aureo than in Vespucci. These results indicate that the different nitrogen use, and in particular the diverse NR behavior, at tillering, are in part responsible of the cultivar differences in grain yield and GPC.

Improvements in malting barley grain yield by manipulation of genes influencing grain protein content

Euphytica ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 156 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livinus C. Emebiri ◽  
David B. Moody ◽  
Cassandra Black ◽  
Maarten van Ginkel ◽  
Eduardo Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Malting Barley
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