scholarly journals Analisis Jejas Gigitan pada Kasus Forensik Klinik

e-GIGI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin Kristanto
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
Bite Mark

Abstract: Examination of bite mark is one form of dental assistance for the enforcement of justice. A dentist can examine bite mark or be asked his/her expert assessment of bite mark that has been recorded by another dentist. The source of bite marks, the substrate onto which they are generated, and the technique of lifting the bite imprints serve as important tools in analysis. This study was aimed to obtain mengetahui seberapa besar analisis jejas gigitan dapat mengungkapkan pelaku. This was a retrospective and descriptive study, using clinical forensic data from RS Bhayangkara Tingkat III in Manado from January 2015 to December 2019. This study used 2,197 clinical forensic cases data, of which there were 34 cases with bite marks. The most common bite sites were found in the arms (23.4%) and the least locations were found on the cheeks and neck (0.2%). There were 85.29% of bite marks that could be matched with suspected tooth molds. In conclusion, as many as 85.29% of bite marks in this study could be matched with suspected tooth molds. Albeit, mismatch of tooth patterns is not automatically removed somebody from the suspect list. Determinant variables such as the location of bite mark, movement of the jaw or part of the body bitten, and the process of inflammation in the body of the victim must be used as material for analysis in identifying the perpetrators.Keywords: bite mark, forensic odontology, identification of suspect Abstrak: Pemeriksaan jejas gigi (bite mark) merupakan salah satu bentuk bantuan dokter gigi bagi penegakan keadilan. Seorang dokter gigi dapat diminta melakukan pemeriksaan dan analisis jejas gigi atau diminta untuk memberikan keterangan ahli tentang jejas gigi yang telah diperoleh dokter gigi lain. Sumber bekas gigitan, media yang digunakan untuk mendokumen-tasikan dan teknik mentransfer bekas gigitan berfungsi sebagai alat penting dalam analisis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar analisis jejas gigitan dapat mengungkapkan pelaku. Jenis penelitian ini ialah deskriptif retrospektif, menggunakan data forensik klinik dari RS Bhayangkara tingkat III Manado pada rentang tahun 2015-2019. Pada penelitian ini digunakan data dari 2197 kasus forensik klinik; diantaranya terdapat 34 kasus dengan jejas gigitan (bite mark). Lokasi jejas gigitan terbanyak ditemukan pada lengan (23,4%) dan paling sedikit pada pipi dan leher, (0,2%) serta didapatkan 85,29% jejas gigitan pada penelitian ini dapat dicocokkan dengan cetakan gigi tersangka. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah sebesar 85,2% jejas gigitan dapat mengungkapkan pelaku, namun ketidakcocokan pola gigi tidak secara otomatis menyingkirkan seseorang dari daftar tersangka. Variabel penentu seperti lokasi gigitan, pergerakan rahang atau bagian tubuh yang digigit, dan proses peradangan pada tubuh korban harus dijadikan bahan analisis dalam mengidentifikasi pelaku, agar tidak terjadi kesalahan identifikasi pelaku.Kata kunci: jejas gigitan, odontologi forensik, identifikasi pelaku

scholarly journals USE OF BITEMARKS FOR HUMAN IDENTIFICATION BY USING INTER-CANINE DISTANCE AND MESIO-DISTAL WIDTH OF MAXILLARY INCISORS.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Sargam R. Parate ◽  
Aayushi Chauhan ◽  
Ashish Bodhade ◽  
Alka Dive
Keyword(s):  
Human Identification ◽  
The Body ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
The Third ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
Bite Mark ◽  
Average Proportion ◽  
Food Particles ◽  
Maxillary Incisors

Aim: to determine the use of bite marks for human identification by using inter- canine distance and mesio-distal width of maxillary incisors. Introduction: Odontogenic evidence is considered to be the third most precise method of identification of human in forensic sciences. Bite-marks on the body are intentionally made, those found on food particles are usually impractically left by the offender at the scene of crime, these marks are of great importance in identification of the offender. The present study was aimed to determine the use of bitemarks for human identification by using inter-canine distance and mesio-distal width of the maxillary incisors. Materials and Methods: 40 consenting volunteers were included in the study. With the help of autoclaved Vernier calliper, the inter-canine distance and mesio-distal width of maxillary incisors were measured and bite on chocolate (CADBURY 5Star) was taken. Using Vernier calliper, Inter-canine distance and Mesio-distal width (2 maxillary central and 2 lateral incisors), were measured from the bite mark. Both measurements obtained were coded and matching was done by two doubly blinded examiners. Results: The probability of correct identification on the basis of IC distance and MD width obtained from bite-marks is 68.35%. The average proportion of correct matching is 0.78 for IC distance measurement and 0.46 for MD width. Conclusion: Metric method can be used for human identification by using bite-mark. IC distance is more reliable and efficient in human identification than MD width.

scholarly journals Evaluation of reproduction technique of bitemarks printed in chewing gum for human identification

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e40391211177
Author(s):  
Maria Isabel de Oliveira e Britto Villalobos ◽  
Marta Regina Pinheiro Flores ◽  
Rodrigo Galo ◽  
Antônio Castelo Branco ◽  
Ricardo Henrique Alves da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Human Identification ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Chewing Gum ◽  
Plaster Mold ◽  
Human Bite ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
Bite Mark ◽  
Forensic Investigations

Forensic Odontology is the science that correlates dental and legal principles, used for processes such as human identification. One of the possible acting fields for Forensic Odontologists is the analysis and study of patterns and injuries created by human bite marks. This study aimed to show the applicability of dental marks printed in chewing gum for human identification in forensic investigations. A transversal observational study was carried out. The data was collected from 20 volunteers over 18 years old. Each subject had their upper and lower dental casts and was asked to chew a piece of gum for one minute. The pieces of chewing gum were refrigerated at -20ºC for a week, and reproduced with addition and condensation silicones using an adapted reproduction technique. The analysis of the chewing gum was made by overlays. The ANOVA test showed no significant differences on width and length between the pieces of chewing gum and their reproductions (greatest width p=0.918, and the length p=0.981). The analysis of the reproductions with plaster mold showed that there was no difference when using addition silicone or condensation silicone. During the analysis, various suspects could be excluded from the investigation (up to 11, depending on the technique used), but it was not possible to confirm one of them as the main suspect. The study showed that the reproduction technique of chewing gum is efficient, viable and easily performed; and can be used in cases of human identification in forensic investigations. However, it is necessary to certify that the chewing gum effectively presents a bite mark and that it is correctly handled to avoid alterations. It also became evident that the process of refrigeration is essential for the analysis proposed in this study.

scholarly journals A Novel Computer-Assisted Method of Bite Mark Analysis for Gender Determination

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anirban Maji ◽  
Tanya Khaitan ◽  
Rupam Sinha ◽  
Soumyabrata Sarkar ◽  
Pratik Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Bite Mark ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dental Evidence ◽  
Intercanine Distance

Background. Bite mark analysis is an imperative area of forensic odontology and considered the commonest form of dental evidence presented in the criminal court. The process of comparing bite marks with a suspect’s dentition includes analysis and measurement of shape, size, and position of an individual’s teeth. The present study was aimed to evaluate the bite marks of males and females using a novel indirect computer-assisted method and explicate its application in forensic odontology. Materials and methods. 60 subjects (30 males and 30 females) with normal occlusion were included in the present study. Bite registrations were obtained with help of modelling waxes, and positive replicas were prepared with dental stone and barium powder. Intraoral periapical radiographs were taken for the same. The radiographs obtained were scanned and analyzed by measuring tools using Sidexis Next Generation software. Intercanine distance (ICD), line AB, angle ABX, and angle ABY were measured. The Kruskal–Wallis test was performed to compare the bite marks of males and females. Results. The mean ICD of males and females was found to be 32.95 mm and 29.84 mm, respectively, and was statistically highly significant with a p value <0.001. The mean ICD, line AB, and angle ABX were found to be higher in males when compared to females. Conclusion. Analysis of bite marks using this novel computer-assisted method is a simple, reliable, easily reproducible, and economical technique with confidentiality of the identity of the participants involved.

scholarly journals Acquaintance of bite mark identification procedures in Forensic Odontology

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuti Malinda ◽  
Dewi Zakiawati
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
Bite Mark ◽  
High Level ◽  
Degrees Of Severity

Introduction: Bite mark analysis casework strives to connect a biter to the teeth pattern present on the object linked in some way to crime or event. This analysis requiring an immediate response by the forensic odontologist since the marks fade rapidly in the living and the dead in a matter of hours. The aim of this article is to help the dentist to know and understand the procedures of bite mark identification in forensic odontology field. Literature review: Bite marks may be present the following situations, a fight between adults or children, a part of sexual or physical assault by adult on children, a rape, and homosexual activities. The marks can be single or multiple, varying degrees of severity from mild marking of the tissue to deep perforation, varying location may be found on breast, face/ head, abdomen, shoulder, upper extremity, buttocks, female genitalia, male genitalia, legs, ear, nose and neck. Discussion: Dentist should master the bite mark analysis procedures. When the suspect has been recognized, the first thing to do is swabbing the oral mucosa, and then taking photographs. The next steps are preparing to take impression, and always taking notes about the procedure and the result. A soon as all the documents are completed, do the matching procedures. Delay examination will cause the lost of valuable evidence. Conclution: Dentist should carefully determine the conclusion among these possibilities , the mark is “possible biter”, “probable biter”, or “with a high level of confidence, is the biter”

scholarly journals DETEKSI EKTOPARASIT Argulus sp. PADA BUDIDAYA IKAN KARPER (Cyprinus carpio L) DI UPTD- BALAI PENGEMBANGAN BUDIDAYA IKAN AIR TAWAR AIKMEL KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Kunti Tirtasari
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Trigger Factor ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
Fish Louse ◽  
Secondary Diseases

Argulus sp. is a fish louse disease that attacks fish on the outside of the body (Ectoparasites) resulting in wounds and bite marks being a trigger factor for the onset of other diseases (secondary diseases) resulting in losses for fish farmers. This research aims to find out if it detected Argulus ectoparasites sp in carper fish cultivation (Cyprinus carpio,L) in UPTD-BPBIAT Aikmel. This study uses a descriptive study design with observational survey type. Fish sampling is carried out using random sampling in one shot using a net with a total of 10 samples. Ectoparasite examination is carried out by making a direct observation then carried out the examination of the head, fins, tail with Alcohol Swabs 70%, . The research results shows that 9 fish were positive infectedwith Argulus sp

Identification from bite marks in a sexual assault case involving multiple assailants by DNA profiling

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajinderpal Singh ◽  
Pankaj Mahla ◽  
Rakesh K. Gorea ◽  
Sarabjeet Singh ◽  
Yashmeen Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Saliva Sample ◽  
Dna Typing ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Minor Component ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dna Profile ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
Bite Mark ◽  
Sexual Assault Case

Bite mark evidence is often introduced as being close to DNA in terms of accuracy. Bite marks are generally found at the scene of violent crime murders, sexual assaults and are an extremely difficult process to collect the bite marks/saliva sample very lightly, otherwise, only victim profile will be generated. On examination of victim's right breast, a patterned injury was discovered and determined to be from adult male’s teeth. Evidence was collected by the forensic doctor according to established techniques including recovery of saliva from the bite mark area despite the body. DNA analysis by PCR using polymorphic STR markers revealed a DNA profile of mixed origin. With the advent of more sensitive typing methodologies, fingernails clipping for foreign DNA, as well as swabs collected from the area on the victim's body (kissed, licked, genital area, bitten area from breast and lips), are analyzed. In addition, finger swabs for nail scrapping in the case of digital penetration could also be collected from the suspect for DNA analysis, findings new repeats of DNA. Generally, Victim’s DNA profile, a genotype contribution from the perpetrator was identified as a minor component. Thus the DNA typing results from the bite mark correlated with the DNA typing results obtained from other biological trace evidence identified from the victim's genital samples. The bite mark and the DNA evidence were used to screen suspects and played an important role in obtaining resolution of this case. In this study DNA profiled from the breast swab from bitten area, finger swabs, and a control sample of assailants were obtained for all STR loci using AmpflSTR Identifier kit.

scholarly journals Exploring the degrees of distortion in simulated human bite marks

2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 1043-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Dama ◽  
Andrew Forgie ◽  
Scheila Mânica ◽  
Gavin Revie
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
The Body ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Photographic Recording ◽  
Human Bite ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
Bite Mark ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Type 3

Abstract The properties of the skin and the posture of the body during photographic recording are factors that cause distortion in the bite mark injury. This study aimed to explore the degree of distortion between a ‘touch mark’ (method 1) and a ‘bite mark’ (method 2) on the left upper arm at three different positions (arm relaxed; arm flexed in two different positions). A pair of dental casts with biting edges coated in ink was used to create a mark in 30 subjects (6 ♂, 24 ♀) aged 20–50 years old. Photographs were taken using a Nikon DX digital camera (D5000). The mesiodistal widths and angle of rotations of both upper right central incisor and lower right central incisor and the inter-canine distances were analysed and compared with the true measurements using Adobe Photoshop CC 2017. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS Statistics 22 applying a 2 (mark type) × 3 (position) repeated measures ANOVA. For all measures studied, there was a statistically significant difference between mark types and positions. In the case of bite marks, a great degree of distortion was detected, and this increased further when changing the position of the arm. The findings demonstrated that skin properties and posture influence distortion. This could lead to inaccurate measurements and misleading pattern interpretation of bite mark injuries.

scholarly journals Development and evaluation of low-cost walker with trunk support for senior citizen

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paloma Hohmann Poier ◽  
Francisco Godke ◽  
José Aguiomar Foggiatto ◽  
Leandra Ulbricht
Keyword(s):  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Senior Citizen ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Monitoring Time ◽  
Static Body ◽  
Study Development

Abstract OBJECTIVE Develop and evaluate a low-cost walker with trunk support for senior citizens. METHOD Two-stage descriptive study: development of a walker with trunk support and evaluation with fourth age senior citizens. RESULTS Twenty-three fourth age senior citizens were selected. The evaluated criteria were the immediate influence of the walker on the static stabilometry with baropodometer and the evaluation of gait with accelerometers monitoring time and amplitude of the hip movement. There was a significant decrease in the body oscillation of senior citizens with the use of the developed walker, and there were changes in the joint amplitudes of the hip, but they were not significant. CONCLUSION Using low-cost materials, it was possible to develop and equipment that met resistance and effectiveness requirements. The walker interfered in the balance of the senior citizens, reducing significantly the static body oscillation.

scholarly journals Fenomena Kesurupan Dalam Persepsi Psikolog Dan Peruqyah

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Syarifah Irkani
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The Body ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The City ◽  
Scientific Competencies

This study aims to compare the perceptions of psychologists and who do people ruqyah to trans possession phenomena. This research is a comparative descriptive study using a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study amounted to 6 people consisting of 3 people who work as psychologists and 3 people who work as who do people ruqyah in the Pondok Sehat Al-Wahida. Data collection techniques used are interviews, observation, and documentation. Analysis of the data used with descriptive-comparative methods.Based on the results of the research can be concluded that there are differences and similarities of perceptions of psychologists and people who do ruqyah in viewing at the trance phenomenon in the city of Banjarmasin. The difference between the perception of psychologists and people who do ruqyah in viewing the phenomenon of trance is that psychologists view the phenomenon of possession using psychological theory, while peruqyah views the phenomenon of possession using Islamic studies so that treatment given by psychologists and people who do ruqyah has this difference in accordance with their scientific competencies. As for the similarities between the perception of psychologists and people who the ruqyah in viewing at  the phenomenon of possession can be caused by psychological problems but they also believe in Islamic studies can be caused by a genie that penetrates the body,

scholarly journals “A CROSS SECTIONAL, DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON SYSTEMIC ILLNESSES AND CARDIAC FUNCTION ABNORMALITIES IN CHILDREN”

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Munesh Tomar ◽  
Tanvi goel ◽  
Raza Faizan ◽  
Vijay Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Ventricular Dysfunction ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pr Interval ◽  
Ecg Abnormalities

Background:There are wide number of diseases of almost every system in the body which can affect heart in a number of different ways including increasing demands on the heart ,ventricular dysfunction ,rhythm abnormalities ,valve abnormalities ,pulmonary pressures and lot more.Cardiac involvement in systemic diseases is usually silent or oligosymptomatic and includes different pathophysiological mechanisms such as myocardial inflammation, infarction ,subendocardial vasculitis,valvular disease and different patterns of fibrosis. Objective : To study association between systemic illnesses (hematological, endocrinal , renal) and cardiac function abnormalities as ventricular function,cardiac dimensions ,pulmonary artery pressure and pericardial effusion,for early diagnosis and treatment to decrease morbidity and mortality in patient with systemic illness. Design/Method:It was a cross sectional,descriptive study The present study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, LLRM Medical College,Meerut,Uttar Pradesh over a period of 1 year (June 2019-June 2020) Results: Cardiac findings in all three groups show ECG abnormalities and echocardiographic changes compared to general population. ECG abnormalities were prolonged PR interval and sinus tachycardia while echocardiographic changes mainly left ventricular(LV) dilatation and hypertrophy ,increased cardiac output ,ventricular dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH),were noted in a significant proportion of patients. Conclusion:Systemic illnesses affect cardiac parameters in various ways including prolonged PR interval,cardiac dilatation,chamber hypertrophy ,high cardiac output,high cardiac index ,PAH and ventricular dysfunction.

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