scholarly journals Full Battery and Hybrid Bus based Rapid Transit System as a Cost Effective Urban Transit Mode alternative to Metros in Tier II Tier II I Indian Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
T Dilip Kumar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Urban Transit ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Tier Ii ◽  
The Future ◽  
Indian Cities ◽  
Metro System

Intra-city travel is a significant part of urban life and a fully functional intra-city transit system will help in reducing the number of private vehicles on the road, thus reducing pollution and traffic congestions. A robust urban transit system helps in the physical expansion of city limits, making education, job, and medical facilities accessible to people living in city fringe areas. This will help in depopulating the Central Business District areas and optimization of real estate cost. Heavy Rail Based Metro Transit system has improved living conditions in Metropolitan cities. The High Capital Investment required for setting up a metro system necessitates the requirement of alternate Transit systems for Medium and smaller cities. This paper delves into this important area of suggesting an alternate urban transit model for Tier II and Tier III Indian cities. In this paper, modifications were suggested in the Metro Neo specification issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs [10], to make it more cost-effective (to construct and maintain), agile, and with scope to harness new technologies as they become commercially viable in the future. Elevated or dedicated Busways with Full Diesel Hybrid Buses comprising an Energy Storage system (Li-ion battery pack) and a diesel power pack are suggested as the rolling stock for the transit system. This suggested rolling stock will be not only cost effective but also environmentally friendly. In the future, the Diesel Power Packs in the buses can be replaced with Hydrogen Fuel Cells or additional batteries to enable full electric and non-fossil fuel operation. The need for further research in developing cost-optimized structures in the Construction of viaducts and bus stations is felt and details in these areas have been highlighted. The suggested system will have the flexibility of a Bus Rapid Transit system and shall have some advantages of a metro system. Even in big cities with a full-fledged Metro system, the suggested modified Metro Neo system can act as a feeder system from faraway places. The paper proposes essential features of a transit system that is robust in present and is future-ready.

scholarly journals Full Battery and Hybrid Bus based Rapid Transit System as a Cost Effective Urban Transit Mode alternative to Metros in Tier II Tier III Indian Cities

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
T Dilip Kumar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Urban Transit ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Tier Ii ◽  
The Future ◽  
Indian Cities ◽  
Metro System

Intra-city travel is a significant part of urban life and a fully functional intra-city transit system will help in reducing the number of private vehicles on the road, thus reducing pollution and traffic congestions. A robust urban transit system helps in the physical expansion of city limits, making education, job, and medical facilities accessible to people living in city fringe areas. This will help in depopulating the Central Business District areas and optimization of real estate cost. Heavy Rail Based Metro Transit system has improved living conditions in Metropolitan cities. The High Capital Investment required for setting up a metro system necessitates the requirement of alternate Transit systems for Medium and smaller cities. This paper delves into this important area of suggesting an alternate urban transit model for Tier II and Tier III Indian cities. In this paper, modifications were suggested in the Metro Neo specification issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs [10], to make it more cost-effective (to construct and maintain), agile, and with scope to harness new technologies as they become commercially viable in the future. Elevated or dedicated Busways with Full Diesel Hybrid Buses comprising an Energy Storage system (Li-ion battery pack) and a diesel power pack are suggested as the rolling stock for the transit system. This suggested rolling stock will be not only cost effective but also environmentally friendly. In the future, the Diesel Power Packs in the buses can be replaced with Hydrogen Fuel Cells or additional batteries to enable full electric and non-fossil fuel operation. The need for further research in developing cost-optimized structures in the Construction of viaducts and bus stations is felt and details in these areas have been highlighted. The suggested system will have the flexibility of a Bus Rapid Transit system and shall have some advantages of a metro system. Even in big cities with a full-fledged Metro system, the suggested modified Metro Neo system can act as a feeder system from faraway places. The paper proposes essential features of a transit system that is robust in present and is future-ready.

Performance-Driven Transit Funding Model

2005 ◽  
Vol 1927 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Paul Sousa ◽  
Eric J. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Urban Transit ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Transit Systems ◽  
Funding Model ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Per Capita

This paper presents a new funding model for urban transit systems. The model is performance driven in that it captures the performance of transit systems in attracting riders in a cost-effective manner and recognizes that transit system funding needs vary with transit systems’ scale of operations. The model also allocates funding on a weighted per capita basis and thereby addresses equity concerns. Recent data for Canadian transit systems are used to illustrate the application of this funding model to real-world operations.

scholarly journals Concept design – creating an image of the future

2019 ◽  
Vol 298 ◽  
pp. 00128
Author(s):  
Ilya Lepeshkin ◽  
Alexander Lepeshkin ◽  
Pavel Tarasov
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Industrial Design ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Projected Image ◽  
The Future ◽  
Concept Art ◽  
Real Objects ◽  
The One

The article presents an analysis of the tasks of industrial design (and in particular the design of vehicles) and demonstrates the importance of developing not only real objects, the purpose of which is to create cost-effective products, but also conceptual developments, the tasks of which are much wider. Conceptual developments allow us to form an image of the future, which we want to strive for, to form trends and to demonstrate new opportunities that new technologies open up to us. In this regard, the paper demonstrates a new classification of conceptual developments, as well as the competence of the concept designer who carries out such developments. The classifier contains the division of industrial design, conceptual design and concept art. Conceptual design is concentrated near the border of scientific knowledge, which allows the relevant developments, on the one hand, to be guided by modern high technologies (high technology design), and, on the other hand, to offer solutions that can potentially offer an innovative way of development of a particular field of knowledge, forming a request for new technologies. Competence of a concept designer for such work involves, among other things, the ability to work with the future (futurology) and additional competencies in the field of directing and screenwriting, to create an appropriate visual narrative and convey the value content of the projected image of the future.

scholarly journals Does Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) Meet the Citizens’ Mobility Needs? Evaluating Performance for the Case of Multan, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7314
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nadeem ◽  
Muhammad Azam ◽  
Muhammad Asim ◽  
Muhammad Ahmad Al-Rashid ◽  
Othman Che Puan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Silver Standard ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
The Social ◽  
Asian Context

Bus rapid transit (BRT) has emerged as an efficient and cost-effective transport system for urban mobility that offers safe and high-quality transport services for city dwellers. Recent research has widely discussed BRT systems’ performance evaluation, but such assessments have remained limited in the South Asian context, where users’ needs might be distinct. The present study addresses this research gap and evaluates the performance of the BRT system in Multan, Pakistan, based on the passengers’ perceptions and the BRT standard scorecard. The data were collected at 21 BRT stations, and a face-to-face questionnaire survey was carried out with 420 users. The BRT standard scorecard method was also applied by conducting an observation survey and semi-structured interviews based on the aspects as specified by the Institute of Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP). The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software package was mainly utilised for data analysis. This research concluded that around 54% of passengers are highly satisfied and opted for BRT due to comfort. Cronbach’s Alpha reliability analysis concluded that most of the BRT stations possess the acceptable value (0.8 > α ≥ 0.7), with only six out of 21 stations categorised as unacceptable (α < 0.5). Multan BRT achieved overall 79 scores and classified as Silver-Standard BRT. The study suggests critical insights to improve the citizens’ mobility with the existing BRT system, serving as a benchmark for policymakers and transport planners.

Tyne and Wear Metro—A Modern Rapid Transit System

1976 ◽  
Vol 190 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Rail Network ◽  
Local Movement

The paper outlines the processes which gave rise to the rapid transit proposals for Tyneside, and the development of these into the Tyne and Wear Metro. The concept of a fully integrated public transport system, capable of making a significant contribution to local movement and land use is explained, and the feasibility of introducing Metro over a significant part of the existing British Rail network detailed. A technical description of the Metro includes civil engineering, signalling and communications, and electrification. The rolling stock is described in detail. The paper concludes with sections on finance and organisation.

scholarly journals Estimation of CO2 Emission Savings from a Metro Rail System Using Different Methodologies: A Case Study of Mumbai, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (ET.2021) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Chaitanya Jasti Pradeep
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vehicular Traffic ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Metro System

Estimating ‘CO2 emission savings’ of a mass rapid transit system (MRTS) project shall give an opportunity to earn carbon credits under clean development mechanism (CDM) of Kyoto protocol for ‘Non-Annex I’ countries like India. In this study, two methodologies for estimating ‘CO2 emission savings’ were demonstrated with a case study of Mumbai ‘metro line 1’. One considers actual reduction in vehicular traffic and the other considers the commuter shift to metro from other modes estimating the savings as 38.02 t/day and 27.63 t/day, respectively. Subsequently, sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify the optimal scenario for ‘CO2 emission savings’ supported by both the methods. Further, a breakeven scenario for ‘annual net CO2 emission savings’ after considering the indirect emissions due to electricity consumption by the metro system was also analysed as 1,008 t/year by the end 2019. These savings are analysed to further reach 32,537 t/year by 2025.

scholarly journals What Do The Single Technology Appraisals of The Past Tell US About Fast-Tracking The Most Cost-Effective New Technologies In The Future?

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. A410
Author(s):  
A Boland ◽  
R Houten ◽  
C Carroll ◽  
E Kaltenthauer ◽  
R Dickson
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fast Tracking ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future

scholarly journals MVDC Railway Traction Power Systems; State-of-the Art, Opportunities, and Challenges

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4156
Author(s):  
Patrobers Simiyu ◽  
I. E. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
High Power ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
The Future ◽  
Traction Power

Advances in voltage-source converters (VSCs), as well as their successful application in VSC-HVDC systems, have motivated growing interests and research in medium-voltage direct current (MVDC) traction power systems (TPSs) for high-speed rail (HSR) applications. As an emerging power-converter-based infrastructure, this study reviewed developments that shape two key evolving pieces of equipment—namely, high-power traction substation (TSS) converters, and power electronic transformers (PETs)—for MVDC TPS as well as prospects for smart grid (SG) applications in the future. It can be deduced that cost-effective and robust high-power TSS converters are available from hybrid modular multilevel converters (MMCs) for enhanced performance and fault-tolerance capability. In addition, silicon carbide (SiC) MMC-based PETs with input-series-output-parallel (ISOP) configuration are present for greater weight/size reduction and efficiency for MVDC rolling stock design. Finally, the implementation of a smart MVDC TPS incorporating a sophisticated railway energy management system (REM-S) based on the smart grid principles is feasible in the future, with numerous benefits. However, there are related challenges, like knowledge gaps on these technologies, the high costs involved, and lack of standardization to overcome to realize widespread future commercial deployment.

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