scholarly journals Optimization and Kinetic Study of Soybean Oil Extraction Rate with Ternary Solvents Mixture

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.I Usenu
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Design Expert ◽  
First Order

The rate of Soybean (Glycine max) oil (SBO) extraction with a ternary solvent mixture (water, ethanol, and ethyl acetate) optimised with I-optimal Design (IOD) under the Mixture Methodology of the Design Expert (12.0.1.0). The data obtained were analysed statistically. The effect of extraction time (60-180 mins) and temperature (65-70 °C) on SBO was investigated and data obtained were used to evaluate the suitable kinetic and thermodynamic properties of the extraction. The maximum Rate of Oil Yield (32.35 mg/min) was achieved at the solvent mixture of 9.17% water, 6.67% ethanol, and 84.17% ethyl acetate. The Quadratic model best describes the Rate of Oil Yield, with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9922 and an Adjusted R2 of 0.9825. The rate equation for the extraction process is a first-order reaction with ‘n’ value of 1.12756 (≅1.000) while the activation energy (Ea) and Arrhenius constant were 6508.1 kJ/mol and 38.901 s-1, respectively. The study has demonstrated the suitability of I-Optimal Design for the investigation of the Rate of Oil Yield from soybean and the result could be employed in oil extraction process design.

scholarly journals Green Solvent Improving Mechanical Disruption of Palm Kernel Oil Extraction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eko K. Sitepu ◽  
Andy Chandra ◽  
Emma F. Zaidar ◽  
Annur Vika ◽  
Firman Sebayang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Palm Kernel Oil ◽  
Kernel Oil

Abstract Even though the mechanical extraction process offers a simple and environmentally friendly process, the recovery of oil is relatively low. Thermal pre-treating the oilseed increases the oil yield but produces unwanted oil colour. A new method which combines grinding and extraction using green solvents was developed to extract palm kernel oil. The performance of six different green solvents such as water, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, dimethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, and d-limonene in extraction palm kernel oil was determined using a controllable blender extractor (CBE), new extraction equipment modified from a household blender appliance. Further, ethyl acetate, which produced the maximum oil yield, was used to study the effect of the operating parameters of the CBE. The oil yield of 34.2 ± 0.02% was obtained in the extraction condition of the ratio of palm kernel to ethyl acetate of 1:7, rotational speed of 5000 rpm and 10 minutes extraction time. Compared to other green extraction methods, the CBE-intensified palm kernel oil extraction could save >70% energy consumption. In terms of extraction time, the CBE-intensified could extract palm kernel oil faster than existing extraction methods.

Industrial trials on coadjuvants in olive oil extraction process: Effect on rheological properties, energy consumption, oil yield and olive oil characteristics

2017 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. 34-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Tamborrino ◽  
Giacomo Squeo ◽  
Alessandro Leone ◽  
Vito Michele Paradiso ◽  
Roberto Romaniello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Oil Characteristics

Optimization of mechanical oil extraction process from Camellia oleifera seeds regarding oil yield and energy consumption

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Huang ◽  
Youmin Hu ◽  
Fengcheng Li ◽  
Wenwen Jin ◽  
Vikas Godara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Camellia Oleifera

scholarly journals Effect of Ethyl Acetate, Time and Particle Size on the Kinetics of the Oleoresin Extraction Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. F15-F23
Author(s):  
M. S. Olakunle ◽  
A. O. Ameh ◽  
T. Oyegoke ◽  
H. U. Shehu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Order Model ◽  
First Order ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of the extraction of oleoresin from ginger using ethyl acetate as the solvent was studied in this work. The effects of particle size and extraction time on oleoresin’s solvent extraction were studied to obtain optimization data. The temperature of the process was kept constant at 40 °C. The Ginger particle sizes considered ranged between 1200-250 microns at extraction times ranging between 10–70 minutes. Experimental data generated were fitted into an empirical model to determine the kinetic parameters. The oleoresin yield increases with increasing extraction time up to an optimum time, after which the yield remains constant and yield also increases with decreasing particle size. The results obtained from the kinetics studies revealed that the introduction of the constant term accounting for the diffusion step separately (as an addition) into a single step first-order model (Patricelli’s first order model) raises the R-squared values from 87 % fitness of the model into becoming 99 % with the experimental data. This improved form of Patricelli’s first-order model was found to show a good agreement with Patricelli’s 2-step kinetic model. These findings confirmed that the oleoresin extraction process in the presence of ethyl acetate was found to be first-order kinetics involving two steps mechanism where the use of a single-step first-order model (Patricelli’s first-order kinetic model) and the choice of using ethyl acetate must have contributed to the strong resistance present in the first step of the extraction mechanism especially for the smaller particle size (250 microns). In getting the extraction yield improved, this study, therefore, recommends the use of small particle sizes (< 250 microns), higher temperatures (> 40 °C), and/or better alternative solvents like ethanol. Keywords: ethyl acetate, extraction, oleoresin, modeling.

scholarly journals Experimental Evidence of the Dependence of Oil Extraction Rate on Extraction Time and Structure of Generative Material

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
A. B. Kunyima ◽  
H. M. Kaseya ◽  
P. L. Kunyima
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Kinetic Constants ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Sesame Seeds ◽  
Kinetic And Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
The Difference

Background: Kinetic and thermodynamic studies of the extraction of oils from pumpkin seeds, sesame seeds and Moringa seeds have been carried out at temperatures of 56 and 54°C. The extraction process was found to be exothermic and the kinetic constants in the three cases determined. It was also observed that the rate of extraction was dependent on extraction time and structural organization of the seeds. The kinetic constants are expected to provide information on the structural organization (crystalline, smectic, nematic or amorphous) of the seeds generating these oils. The enthalpies and entropies of extraction were calculated and a comparison of the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters obtained in the 3 cases was made. Aim and Objective: This work was designed to extract oils from pumpkin, sesame and Moringa seeds and to determine the kinetics and thermodynnamics of the extraction process at the given temperatures using petroleum ether as solvent. Methodology: Ten grammes of seeds powder have been introduced in cellulose porous cartridge of 33 X 205 mm and all has been put in soxhlet extractor. In a 1000 mL thrice necked bahloon- flash fitted of a thermometer, 450 mL of petroleum ether (40°-60°c, ϱ=0,65 kg/L) have been introduced as solvent. The fitting out of soxhlet has been done on heating skull cap (mark thermo scientific) in fixing temperature at 56°C(or 54°C for sesame) in balloon flask during a given extraction time. To maintain the temperature constant during the experiment, the heating skull cap has been covered of aluminium paper as heat insulating. The ambient temperature has been kept at 22-23°C. After a given extraction time, the cartridge has been taken up to be dried in the drying oven at 50°C during 24 hours in order to get rid of traces of solvent. The oil-solvent mixture collected in the 1000 mL thrice necked balloon-flask is submitted to rotary evaporator to remove the solvent and the balloon flask with extracted oil is introduced in the drying oven at 105°C during 3 hours to eliminate totally all the traces of humidity. After this step the balloon flask with oil is cooled in a dessicator and weighed. The difference between the balloon flask containing oil and the empty balloon flask determines the extracted oil mass at a t time in gramme. Results: The kinetic constants, enthalpies and entropies of the extraction process of the oils from the three different seeds were calculated and compared. In all cases, the rate of oil extraction was found to be directly proportional to time of extraction and structure of the seeds.  Conclusion: The kinetic and thermodynamic study of the extraction of oils from pumpkin, sesame and Moringa seeds show that the extraction was an exothermic balanced phenomenon. The energy thus released by this operation can be used to perform mechanical or electrical work.  As for the kinetic constants, they are greater in an amorphous body where the entropy is greater. In such a case, the oil extracted was much more under the same temperature and pressure conditions for a given solvent. Under these conditions, the extraction was dependent not only on time, but also on the structural organization of the material generating the oil.

scholarly journals Kinetics of Oil Extraction from Candlenut (Aleurites moluccana)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Faiznur Mohd Fuad ◽  
Wan Abdul Azim Wan Azzuddin
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Logarithmic Model ◽  
Aleurites Moluccana ◽  
Kinetics Of

Oil from candlenut (Aleurites moluccana) was extracted using a solvent extraction technique. The influence of three parameters namely extraction time, extraction temperature as well as liquid to solid (L/S) ratio on the candlenut oil yield were studied to optimise the extraction conditions for achieving maximum oil yield. The maximum candlenut oil yield (35.67%) was achieved using methanol as a solvent at a temperature of 45oC for 80 min of extraction period. The optimum L/S ratio was 10ml/g. It was found that the candlenut oil yield increases with the increase of extraction time, extraction temperature and L/S ratio. Kinetics of solvent extraction of oil from candlenut was evaluated using Peleg’s model and Logarithmic model. The model parameters were calculated using the experimental data.  The kinetics of candlenut oil extraction conforms very well to the Peleg’s model with a high R2 value of 0.9927 and low MRPD value of 1.827%. However, the Logarithmic model can fairly describe the candlenut oil extraction process with the values of R2 and MRPD of 0.9653 and 4.352%, respectively.

scholarly journals Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Oil Extraction fromJatropha curcasL. Using Ethanol as a Solvent

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silmara Bispo dos Santos ◽  
Marcio Arêdes Martins ◽  
Ana Lívia Caneschi ◽  
Paulo Rafael Morette Aguilar ◽  
Jane Sélia dos Reis Coimbra
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Kinetic And Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Moisture Contents

In the study the yield and kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the oil extraction process fromJatropha curcasL. using ethanol as a solvent were evaluated for different temperatures, moisture contents of the solid phase, and particle sizes. The extraction process yield increased with contact time of solid particles with the solvent until reaching equilibrium (saturation of the solvent), for all the temperatures, moisture contents, and average particle sizes. These parameters significantly influenced (95% confidence) the extracted oil yield. A convective mass transfer model was used to simulate the extraction process and estimate the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. For all conditions evaluated, values of oil yield in the liquid phase close to equilibrium were obtained in approximately 20 min. The variations of enthalpy and entropy were positive, indicating that the process is endothermic and irreversible. Values obtained for the variation in Gibbs free energy showed that the extraction process using ethanol as a solvent is spontaneous and thermodynamically favorable for the moisture content of 0%, where the smaller the average particle size the greater the spontaneity of the process.

scholarly journals Effect of Ethyl Acetate, Time and Particle Size on the Kinetics of the Oleoresin Extraction Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. F15-F23
Author(s):  
M.S. Olakunle ◽  
A.O. Ameh ◽  
T. Oyegoke ◽  
H.U. Shehu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Order Model ◽  
First Order ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of the extraction of oleoresin from ginger using ethyl acetate as the solvent was studied in this work. The effects of particle size and extraction time on oleoresin’s solvent extraction were studied to obtain optimization data. The temperature of the process was kept constant at 40 °C. The Ginger particle sizes considered ranged between 1200-250 microns at extraction times ranging between 10–70 minutes. Experimental data generated were fitted into an empirical model to determine the kinetic parameters. The oleoresin yield increases with increasing extraction time up to an optimum time, after which the yield remains constant and yield also increase with decreasing particle size. The results obtained from the kinetics studies revealed that the introduction of the constant term accounting for the diffusion step separately (as an addition) into a single step first-order model (Patricelli’s first order model) raises the R-squared values from 87 % fitness of the model into becoming 99 % with the experimental data. This improved form of Patricelli’s first-order model was found to show a good agreement with Patricelli’s 2-step kinetic model. These findings confirmed that the oleoresin extraction process in the presence of ethyl acetate was found to be first-order kinetics involving two steps mechanism where the use of a single-step first-order model (Patricelli’s first-order kinetic model) and the choice of using ethyl acetate must have contributed to the strong resistance present in the first step of the extraction mechanism especially for the smaller particle size (250 microns). In getting the extraction yield improved, this study, therefore, recommends the use of small particle sizes (< 250 microns), higher temperatures (> 40 °C), and/or better alternative solvents like ethanol.

scholarly journals Optimization of Mechanical Oil Expression from Sandbox (Hura crepitans Linn.) Seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-449
Author(s):  
David ONWE ◽  
Adeleke Isaac BAMGBOYE
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Roasting Temperature ◽  
Expression Time ◽  
Roasting Time

Optimization of process variables has become very vital in oil extraction processes to obtain maximum oil yield from oilseeds and nuts. This work focussed on the optimization of process oil extraction process from sandbox seed by mechanical expression. Effects of moisture content, roasting temperature, roasting time, expression pressure and expression time on oil yield from sandbox seed was studied using a 5×5 Central Composite Rotatable Design of Response Surface Methodology experimental design. Results obtained were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and SPSS statistical tool at (p = 0.05). Optimum conditions predicted were validated by experiments. All the processing factors were significant at (p = 0.05) for the sandbox oil yield except roasting temperature. The experimental results and predicted values showed low deviation (0.01-0.62). Oil yields obtained from the sandbox seed at varying process conditions varied from 16.38-38.68%. The maximum oil yield of 38.68% was obtained when the sandbox seed was subjected to process conditions of 6% moisture content, 85°C roasting temperature, 15 min roasting time, expression pressure of 20 MPa and 8 min pressing time. Mathematical equations to predict sandbox seed oil yield at varying process conditions were developed with an R2 (0.8908). The optimum extractable oil yield of 38.95% was predicted for sandbox seed at processing conditions of 7.03% moisture content, 97.72°C roasting temperature, 11.32 min roasting time, 15.11 MPa expression pressure and 8.57 min expression time. The study results provide data for designs of process and equipment for oil extraction from sandbox and other oilseeds.

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