scholarly journals Integrated Renewable Energy Management System for Reduced Hydrogen Consumption using Fuel Cell

Author(s):  
Vivekanadam B ◽  
Karuppusamy P.

The hybrid energy sources and their behavior may be controlled by monitoring and sensing with the help of a single or multiple control strategies incorporated in the energy management system. Utilization of the battery state of charge (SOC) and reduction in the consumption of hydrogen are the main objectives of battery and fuel cell (FC) based renewable hybrid power systems. The lifespan of the hydrogen storage as well as battery may be improved while improving the cost reduction benefits using these parameters. These objectives are achieved by designing an integrated energy management system (IEMS). A battery, supercapacitor (SC), proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and Photovoltaic (PV) cell are combined to provide the required power to a predetermined load to form a renewable hybrid power system (RHPS). During daylight, PV is the master power source in RHPS. During the shading or night time, FC is the secondary power source. When high load power is required, the FC is supported by the battery. Load fast change or load transient operation is performed by the SC. Maximum SOC value and minimum hydrogen consumption value is obtained simultaneously based on predetermined functions that aids in switching between the state machine control, frequency decoupling and fuzzy logic based integrated strategies in the proposed energy management model. When compared to the stand-alone strategies, the integrated model achieves increased SOC and reduced hydrogen consumption. When maximum value of PV power is attained, the surplus power is displayed at the load. The battery is charged using this surplus power. The stand-alone strategies and integrated strategy results are compared. The attainment of the goal of IEMS is confirmed from this comparison.

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5275
Author(s):  
Aaron Shmaryahu ◽  
Nissim Amar ◽  
Alexander Ivanov ◽  
Ilan Aharon

Hybrid vehicles are now more common in response to increasing global warming. The hybridization of energy sources and energy storage units enables improving the sustainability, reliability, and robustness of power systems. To reach the objective of zero emissions, a proton exchange membrane hydrogen fuel-cell was utilized as an energy source. The aim of this research was to create an accurate optimal sizing procedure for determining the nominal rating of the necessary sources. We modeled the fuel cell and the battery pack using data from real experimental results to create the generic database. Then, we added data on the mission profile, system constraints, and the minimization target function. The mission profile was then analyzed by the sizing algorithm to determine optional minimum and maximum fuel cell ratings. Analyzing the optional solutions using the vehicle real time energy management system controller resulted in a set of solutions for each available rated fuel cell, and the optimal compatible battery in the revealed band successfully accomplished the route of the driving cycle within the system limitations. Finally, the Pareto curve represented the optimal finding of the sizing procedure. Ultimately, in contrast to previous works that utilize gross manufacturer data in the sizing procedure, the main research contribution and novelty of this research is the very accurate sizing results, which draw on real experimental-based fuel-cell and battery sizing models. Moreover, the actual vehicle real time energy management system controllers were used in the sizing procedure.


Author(s):  
Mohamed Sameh Elkerdany ◽  
Ibrahim Mohamed Safwat ◽  
Ahmed Medhat Mohamed Yossef ◽  
Mohamed M. Elkhatib

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