scholarly journals TERMS OF DESIGNATION OF PERSONS IN JURIDICAL TERMINOLOGY OF BRITISH AND AMERICAN VARIANTS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (193) ◽  
pp. 231-235
Author(s):  
Maryna Kizil ◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
American English ◽  
Old French ◽  
British English ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
The Law ◽  
Legal Procedures

The article is devoted to the research of Briitsh and American English juridical terms designating persons. This is the most numerous thematic group of juridical terms among others including terms designating different branches of law, terms denoting types of different insitutions of the sphere, types of legal documents, stages of legal procedures, procedural norms, types of crimes, offences, punishments in particular. The group of juridical terms designating persons is not homogeneous semantically. It consists of terms denoting representatives of different professions of the sphere, persons with assigned juridical rights or duties, criminals who break the law. Many of these terms have the same meanings in British and American variants of the English language. That is why they are called equivalent for both variants. Most of these terms are of Franco-Latin origin, as they were borrowed from Latin into Old French and from it into Middle and New English. So they appeared in the British English and penetrated into American one later. Some terms in the analyzed thematic group have synonymous or nearly synonymous meanings represented by different forms in British and American variants of the English language. The analyzed group also comprises other types of terms. Such terms are not equal in meanings or their shades. That is why they are called non-equivalent terms for analyzed variants of the English language. The categorial semes of their meanings are the same or practically the same in both variants. The differential semes of meanings of these terms can differ not only qualitatively, but also quantitavely. Their quality reveals in the shades of meanings or their differences. Quantitative differences reveal in widening of the denotative meaning of the term in one variant of the English language (British or American) and its narrowing in another variant correspondently. Most of non-equivalent terms from the analyzed thematic group have nationally marked semes. Such semes reveal and characterize national and cultural peculiarities of the development of British and American legal and juridical system somehow.

scholarly journals Vowel Variation Between American English and British English

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 350
Author(s):  
Afzal Khan ◽  
Soleman Awad Mthkal Alzobidy
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
American English ◽  
Stress Pattern ◽  
Standard English ◽  
Social Differences ◽  
British English ◽  
International Language ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The World

The English Language, being an international language, is spoken all over the world with many variations. These variations occur primarily due to environmental, cultural and social differences. The main reasons for these variations are intermingling of different races and strata in a society. In this regard prominent differences can be observed at phonological levels. These phonological variations produce different kinds of English, like British and American English. In these two there are differences in intonation, stress pattern, and pronunciation. Although South-Eastern British R.P. is known as Standard English but one cannot deny the existence and value of American English. The study attempts to highlight the vowel variation between British English and American English at phonological level.

scholarly journals "How many c(R)s do you have?"

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-16
Author(s):  
Alexandra Hofbauer
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Language ◽  
American English ◽  
Young Female ◽  
English Language Proficiency ◽  
British English ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
American Media ◽  
Group A ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Singapore English (SgE) is, thus far, not known to be a rhotic variety of English, having its roots in standard British English (BrE). However, recent studies have shown evidence of rhoticity in SgE, and this has been attributed to the widespread influence of the American media, especially on local youth. This study questions the factors affecting rhoticity among young, female Singaporeans. It looks at rhoticity in SgE by considering speakers who have attended a particular group of schools with a strong tradition of English language proficiency. Rhoticity is investigated through a reading task and a Diapix task, and it is found that within this group a small number of individuals do exhibit some limited rhoticity, but that most of them seem to prefer a more local speech style. The use of rhoticity and American English (AmE) evidenced here is nonetheless interesting, perhaps taking on a more specific function in this group—one of achieving particular conversational goals and of establishing commonality among a group who share an affinity with American culture.

The Study of English Style: British English and American English Words

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Made Suardika Jaya
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
American English ◽  
British English ◽  
The City ◽  
Social Backgrounds

The British English and American English are most commonly used; which are usually referred as two ‘main’ accents for the English language. Both of them are having their own uniqueness and characteristics in terms of word choices. When the speaker utters the words in one particular accent, by some means the listener could recognise which English style is the speaker more familiar with. To obtain the data of which English style are the speaker more familiar with, a straightforward study was held.  The respondents for this study are ten people who live in the city of Singaraja with various ages and social backgrounds. They are requested to determine which English words are more familiar for them by showing them a table of words list. Fine comprehension about English in cooperation with the vocabularies that the respondents have will lead them to English style that fits them in four English proficiencies

American and British Business-Related Spelling Differences

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Calvert Scott
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
English Language ◽  
American English ◽  
Culturally Sensitive ◽  
British English ◽  
The World ◽  
Teaching Ideas

English language business-related documents around the world contain purposeful spelling differences that reflect two standards, American English and British English. Given the importance of culturally acceptable spelling, the need to be aware of and sensitive to cultural differences, and strong reactions to variation in spelling, it is important to understand the differences in these two spelling systems. Families of words that illustrate spelling practices draw attention to differences between the American and British spelling systems. Under at least some circumstances, business communicators should accommodate for spelling differences when communicating with those from other cultures. Implementing the presented teaching ideas based upon reacting, discussing, adapting, researching, and writing can clarify understanding of the American and British business-related spelling systems and help learners to prepare more culturally sensitive business documents when appropriate.

scholarly journals STRATEGIES OF TEACHING BRITISH ENGLISH AND AMERICAN ENGLISH PHONOLOGY TO EFL STUDENTS/ԲՐԻՏԱՆԱԿԱՆ ԱՆԳԼԵՐԵՆԻ ԵՎ ԱՄԵՐԻԿՅԱՆ ԱՆԳԼԵՐԵՆԻ ՀՆՉՅՈՒՆԱԲԱՆԱԿԱՆ ԱՌԱՆՁՆԱՀԱՏԿՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ ԴԱՍԱՎԱՆԴՄԱՆ ՄԵԽԱՆԻԶՄՆԵՐՆ ԱՆԳԼԵՐԵՆԸ ՈՐՊԵՍ ՕՏԱՐ ԼԵԶՈՒ ՈՒՍՈՒՄՆԱՌՈՂՆԵՐԻ ԼՍԱՐԱՆՈՒՄ/МЕХАНИЗМЫ ПРЕПОДАВАНИЯ ФОНЕТИЧЕСКИХ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ БРИТАНСКОГО И АМЕРИКАНСКОГО АНГЛИЙСКОГО КАК ИНОСТРАННОГО ЯЗЫКА В СТУДЕНЧЕСКОЙ АУДИТОРИИ

2019 ◽  
pp. 166-175
Author(s):  
Irina Mkhitaryan
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
American English ◽  
British English ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
International Language ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Given ◽  
Rich History

Language has always been perceived as a dynamic entity invariably being changed and adjusted to the needs of speakers. This very fact is meticulously proved by the rich history stance, in accordance of which drastic and abundant changes have been observed in the English language over time. In this day and age, English is a fairly dominant international language and correspondingly is the indispensable inkling to ever-changing world of science. Yet, these facts proven, the majority of English as a Foreign Language (hereinafter, EFL) learners are unaware of the ample linguistic differences between British English and American English (hereinafter, BrE, AmE). The given article aims at elucidating the mentioned differences mainly from the phonlological perspective. Furthermore, we attempt to outline the ways of teaching these differences to EFL students through some activities.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Pakistani Learners of English about Standard British and American English: An Exploratory Approach

sjesr ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Dr. Syed Shujaat Ali ◽  
Muhammad Ishtiaq ◽  
Muhammad Shahid
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
American English ◽  
British English ◽  
American Variety ◽  
The People ◽  
Exploratory Approach ◽  
National University ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Single Variety

Pakistani learners of English are exposed to the same degree to both the British and the American variety of English language. There is no state policy or direction regarding the preference of one variety over the other in being used for getting education. Overall society and educational institutes are free to adopt or promote any variety that they deem proper. Both the varieties are used extensively, are quite popular, and enjoy sufficient means and reasons to be effective in society. The lack of uniformity in adopting a particular variety leads to multiple problems, including an English variety having features of both American and British English in different degrees, depending on each user’s different degree of exposure to both the varieties. For ensuring uniformity and avoiding confusion, the researcher thought it compulsory to make a recommendation for the adoption of a single variety out of the two, based on its suitability and utility. However, the researcher feels it urgent that before making recommendations to the government for the adoption of a single variety, the wishes and predilections of the people of Pakistan have to be considered and the reasons why some prefer British variety and some the American variety have to be identified and assessed. If they preferred a feature of English, then did they know which variety it belonged to and if they knew then why did they like it. In the process, the researcher also strove to find out as to what extent the knowledge of literature and history of the country of the variety, contributed to affecting the preference of the Pakistani people. Data was gathered from sixty-six participants from two universities of Pakistan, namely Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST) Kohat from the KP Province on the provincial level, and National University of Modern Languages (NUML) Islamabad from the Federal capital, Islamabad, on the federal level; participants were enquired about their approaches, attitudes, and feelings towards the variety of English they preferred and to explain reasons and motives behind the selection/rejection of one or other of the two varieties, through a questionnaire having seven close-ended and three open-ended items.

Differences in American and British Vocabulary: Implications for International Business Communication

2000 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Calvert Scott
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
International Business ◽  
English Language ◽  
American English ◽  
Business Communication ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Shared Meaning ◽  
British English ◽  
Time Result ◽  
Different Cultures

American English and British English vocabularies have diverged over time, result, ing in lexical differences that have the potential to confound English-language intercultural communication. The differences derive from the need to adapt the meanings of existing expressions or to find new expressions for different things and to borrow expressions from different cultures. Separation and slow means of com munication also cause differences and encourage one side to retain archaic expres sions that others have abandoned or modified. The differences in vocabulary can be grouped into four categories: the same expression with differences in style, con notation, and/or frequency; the same expression with one or more shared and dif ferent meanings; the same expression with completely different meanings; and dif ferent expressions with the same shared meaning. These differences in vocabularies affect understanding of all varieties of English. To bridge differences in Enghsh language vocabularies, international business communication teachers and trainers must devote more attention to English as the dominant language of international business, create awareness of important vocabulary differences that have the potential to confound intercultural communication, and develop and teach strate gies for bridging the vocabulary differences of English speakers.

scholarly journals Folklinguistic perceptions of Global Englishes among German learners of English

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Meer ◽  
Johanna Hartmann ◽  
Dominik Rumlich
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
American English ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cultural Stereotypes ◽  
British English ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Australian English

Abstract While recent research on English language teaching (ELT) in Germany has called for a more comprehensive representation of the diversity of English worldwide, learners’ perceptions of Global Englishes are currently underresearched despite their importance for a successful implementation of this change in ELT. The present paper analyzes 166 German secondary school students’ perceptions of Global Englishes, underlying cultural associations, and stereotypes. To this end, a perceptual dialect identification task, keyword association, and direct open questions were combined in a folklinguistic study. The results show that the informants consider British and American English as general standards and primarily associate English-speaking countries with Inner Circle varieties: British, American, and Australian English. British English is regarded as the default school reference norm, while American English is associated with dynamism and casualness. Furthermore, the students identify Indian and African English(es) as important Global Englishes. Their perceptions of these varieties are, however, less positive and seem to be influenced by cultural stereotypes, which might prompt them to perceive these varieties as funny or unintelligent. We suggest that learners’ existing knowledge of Global Englishes and explicit metalinguistic discussions of variation can be used as starting points to counteract such stereotypes.

scholarly journals A Profile of the Grammatical Variation in British and American English

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Md. Faruquzzaman Akan
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
American English ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Open Market ◽  
British English ◽  
Grammatical Variation ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World

<em>This research paper attempts to focus on the main and major differences and idiosyncrasies of grammar and grammar related issues in British and American English. These differences have a great influence on learning and using the English language. In fact, British and American English are one language having two (slightly) different grammars. Although there is a popular notion about American English to be more simplified and flexible, we have to keep it in mind about the subtleties, complexities and identifications too. American English is now different from its British mother and we could say it is more than another dialect due to its importance as well as control over the world affairs at present. The fall of the then USSR, the US popular media, open market, globalization, the internet etc have made American English more powerful than ever before. But still today, the number of British English users is more than that of American English. Sometimes, it is noticed by and large that the misuse and the misconception in handling these two major varieties of English pose various problems. So, the main concern of this current paper is to remove the possible mistakes and confusions about the two different but related varieties of English, specially in most of the areas of grammar, syntax and the like.</em>

Blaming the media? Folk attitudes towards the state of the English language and its ‘wrongdoers’

English Today ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Ebner
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
American English ◽  
The State ◽  
General Question ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Personal Beliefs ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
British English ◽  
The Media ◽  
Insight Into

Every now and then one stumbles across complaints about the decaying state of the English language. British English is under threat from American English. English is dying or just on the verge of drawing its last breath. Recurring allegations similar to these are made by worried, albeit self-opinionated, speakers who are not only quick to declare the time of death of English, but also to point the finger at who they think is to blame for these developments. As part of my PhD project on usage attitudes in British English, I included the somewhat general question ‘What do you think about the state of the English language?” in an online questionnaire which was completed by 230 informants from Great Britain in order to obtain an insight into commonly held beliefs about British English. This particular question generated answers from 176 informants who shared their personal beliefs, or rather fears, about the state of the English language. In this article, I would like to share some of the insights gained through the preliminary analysis of these answers and invite you to contribute by completing a survey on this topic.

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