scholarly journals Tumor Circulome in the Liquid Biopsies for Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 458-500
Author(s):  
Elena Locci ◽  
Silvia Raymond

New research shows that blood and urine tests can lead to faster and less invasive methods for diagnosing and monitoring different types of tumors. Two studies by the California South University (CSU) Cancer Research Institute (CRI) describe the potential of fluid biopsy to identify and track tumor growth in two very different cancers: bladder cancer and peripheral nerve tumors. Despite the differences between these cancers and their related biopsies, studies show the potential benefits of this relatively new tool in the fight against cancer. Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening; Treatment; Management

2021 ◽  
pp. 825-867
Author(s):  
Ricardo Gobato ◽  
Abhijit Mitra

Thanks to work by researchers at the California South University (CSU) Cancer Research Institute (CRI), they may soon have new tools to treat melanoma and other cancers. In an article published last month, members of the Cancer Research Institute (CRI) introduced an intracellular complex. Involved in melanoma-mediated inflammation and leads to tumor growth and progression. The researchers found that by inhibiting NLRP3, they could reduce inflammation and tumor spread. Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management


2021 ◽  
pp. 715-752
Author(s):  
Elena Locci ◽  
Silvia Raymond

Through T-cell engineering, researchers at the California South University (CSU) Cancer Research Institute (CRI) have shown that tumor growth can be stopped in a variety of cancers and prevented from spreading to other tissues. Findings from this study are the result of decades of research by Professor Alireza Heidari, a member of the Cancer Biology Research Program at the California South University (CSU), who discovered a protein called AH that can inhibit the growth and spread of cancer cells in several different ways. They become in the tissues of the body. Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues, Tumors; Prevention, Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening; Treatment; Management


Theranostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 4544-4556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jicheng Wu ◽  
Shen Hu ◽  
Lihong Zhang ◽  
Jinxia Xin ◽  
Chongran Sun ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 833-873
Author(s):  
Elena Locci ◽  
Silvia Raymond

Thanks to work by researchers at the California South University (CSU) Cancer Research Institute (CRI), they may soon have new tools to treat melanoma and other cancers. In an article published last month, members of the Cancer Research Institute (CRI) introduced an intracellular complex. Involved in melanoma-mediated inflammation and leads to tumor growth and progression. The researchers found that by inhibiting NLRP3, they could reduce inflammation and tumor spread. Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues, Tumors; Prevention, Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening; Treatment; Management


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2066-2080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Chen ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Yuan-Ling Feng ◽  
Yan Zhu ◽  
Li-Quan Wang ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (52) ◽  
pp. 2051-2059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Gaál ◽  
Éva Oláh

MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression at posttranscriptional level. Their target genes include numerous regulators of cell cycle, cell proliferation as well as apoptosis. Therefore, they are implicated in the initiation and progression of cancer, tissue invasion and metastasis formation as well. MicroRNA profiles supply much information about both the origin and the differentiation state of tumours. MicroRNAs also have a key role during haemopoiesis. An altered expression level of those have often been observed in different types of leukemia. There are successful attempts to apply microRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia. Measurement of the expression levels may help to predict the success of treatment with different kinds of chemotherapeutic drugs. MicroRNAs are also regarded as promising therapeutic targets, and can contribute to a more personalized therapeutic approach in haemato-oncologic patients. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 2051–2059.


2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 732-738
Author(s):  
Yevgeniy Choynzonov ◽  
Lyubov Pisareva ◽  
Liliya Zhuykova ◽  
Olga Ananina ◽  
Irina Odintsova

Respiratory system cancer (cancer of the nasal cavity, middle ear, paranasal sinuses (C30-31), larynx (C32), trachea, bronchi and lung (C33-34) is one of the most common malignancies in the Tomsk region, comprising 12.9% of all cancer cases. The purpose of the study was to analyze the respiratory system cancer incidence among the population of the Tomsk region. Materials and methods. The study was based on cancer register data collected at the Cancer Research Institute and Tomsk Regional Cancer Center, and covered the period 2005-2016. Results. Respiratory system cancer is the most common cancer in men, comprising 21.7% and the 6-th most common cancer in women, comprising 5.1. The incidence of respiratory system cancer decreased in men and showed an increasing tendency in women. The age-standardized incidence rates in the Tomsk region were expected to be 58.3 per 100,000 males and 12.8 per 100,000 females by 2020. Conclusion. Early detection and prediction of respiratory system cancer should play a vital role in the diagnosis process and also increase the survival rate of patient.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5804
Author(s):  
Kamila Buzun ◽  
Agnieszka Gornowicz ◽  
Roman Lesyk ◽  
Krzysztof Bielawski ◽  
Anna Bielawska

Autophagy is a process of self-degradation that plays an important role in removing damaged proteins, organelles or cellular fragments from the cell. Under stressful conditions such as hypoxia, nutrient deficiency or chemotherapy, this process can also become the strategy for cell survival. Autophagy can be nonselective or selective in removing specific organelles, ribosomes, and protein aggregates, although the complete mechanisms that regulate aspects of selective autophagy are not fully understood. This review summarizes the most recent research into understanding the different types and mechanisms of autophagy. The relationship between apoptosis and autophagy on the level of molecular regulation of the expression of selected proteins such as p53, Bcl-2/Beclin 1, p62, Atg proteins, and caspases was discussed. Intensive studies have revealed a whole range of novel compounds with an anticancer activity that inhibit or activate regulatory pathways involved in autophagy. We focused on the presentation of compounds strongly affecting the autophagy process, with particular emphasis on those that are undergoing clinical and preclinical cancer research. Moreover, the target points, adverse effects and therapeutic schemes of autophagy inhibitors and activators are presented.


Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 887
Author(s):  
Gaël Runel ◽  
Noémie Lopez-Ramirez ◽  
Julien Chlasta ◽  
Ingrid Masse

Since the crucial role of the microenvironment has been highlighted, many studies have been focused on the role of biomechanics in cancer cell growth and the invasion of the surrounding environment. Despite the search in recent years for molecular biomarkers to try to classify and stratify cancers, much effort needs to be made to take account of morphological and nanomechanical parameters that could provide supplementary information concerning tissue complexity adaptation during cancer development. The biomechanical properties of cancer cells and their surrounding extracellular matrix have actually been proposed as promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. The present review first describes the main methods used to study the mechanical properties of cancer cells. Then, we address the nanomechanical description of cultured cancer cells and the crucial role of the cytoskeleton for biomechanics linked with cell morphology. Finally, we depict how studying interaction of tumor cells with their surrounding microenvironment is crucial to integrating biomechanical properties in our understanding of tumor growth and local invasion.


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