scholarly journals SEGITIGA TERUMBU KARANG DUNIA (THE CORAL TRIANGLE): MANFAAT, MASALAH DAN UPAYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dadang Ilham Kurniawan Mujiono ◽  
Jusmalia Oktaviani

The coral triangle is the epicenter of marine biodiversity in the world which located in the eastern part of Southeast Asia and the western part of the Pacific Ocean. Despite the benefit of this area, the coral triangle also faces unsustainable fishing practices called Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU). This paper is aiming to provide the benefit of the coral triangle, and the efforts to overcome the problem that occurs in this area. To analyze this paper, the authors applied a descriptive approach, and most of the data obtained through literature review. And the result shows that the coral triangle is very beneficial to the countries in this area. Furthermore, to protect these precious natural resources from IUU, the government in this area decided to work together to overcome through the establishment of a multilateral partnership The Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reefs, Fisheries, and Food Security (CTI)

1928 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
JOHN R. BAKER

(1) In certain islands of the New Hebrides (in the Pacific Ocean) a considerable proportion of the pigs are intersexual. Nowhere in the world are intersexual mammals so abundant. (2) These intersexes differ from the rare intersexes of European pigs in the invariable absence of any rudiment of uterus or vagina. (3) A tendency to intersexuality is inherited. (4) The intersexes are interpreted as genetic males in which the testicular hormone has been produced too late in development.


Tsunami ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
James Goff ◽  
Walter Dudley

The 1998 Papua New Guinea tsunami was a significant puzzle for scientists who finally cracked the cause, but it also marks the most recent event of many that can be dated back to at least 6,000 years ago where the skull of the oldest tsunami victim in the world was found. Papua New Guinea was also the starting point for the most remarkable navigational feat in the world, with Polynesians moving rapidly east into the Pacific Ocean, their settlement of the region being punctuated by hiatuses caused by catastrophic tsunamis approximately 3,000, 2,000, and 600 years ago. It was on isolated Pacific islands that humans first came into contact with the deadly Pacific Ring of Fire. Settlement abandonment, mass graves, and cultural collapse mark their progress.


2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Owen B. Toon ◽  
Alan Robock ◽  
Michael Mills ◽  
Lili Xia

Of the nine countries known to have nuclear weapons, six are located in Asia and another, the United States, borders the Pacific Ocean. Russia and China were the first Asian nations with nuclear weapons, followed by Israel, India, Pakistan, and North Korea. Most of the world's nuclear powers are reducing their arsenals or maintaining them at historic levels, but several of those in Asia—India, Pakistan, and North Korea—continue to pursue relentless and expensive programs of nuclear weapons development and production. Hopefully, the nuclear agreement reached in July 2015 between Iran, the European Union, and the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council will be a step toward eliminating nuclear weapons throughout Asia and the rest of the world. As we will discuss below, any country possessing a nuclear arsenal is on a path leading toward self-assured destruction, and is a threat to people everywhere on Earth.


1972 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-275
Author(s):  
I. A. Fedosseyev ◽  
A. F. Plakhotnick

Though Russia, in contrast with England, had no broad access to the oceans, Russian oceanographers always took a great interest in the world ocean investigations. To confirm this we would first of all like to mention the Russian cruises around the world, made by I. F. Krusenstern and Ju. F. Lisjansky in 1803–06, V. M. Golovnin in 1806–13 and 1817–19, M. P. Lazarev in 1819–21 and 1822–25 (the second voyage, the main result of which was the discovery of the Antarctic Continent, was made together with F. F. Bellingshauzen), O. E. Kotsebu in 1815–18 and 1823–26, and F. O. Litke in 1826–29. The names of several Russian explorers who carried on important work in various parts of the Arctic and the Pacific Oceans in different periods of the nineteenth century are well known. At one time valuable results of the oceanological investigations, carried out by Admiral S. O. Makarov on the ship Vitjaz in the Pacific Ocean in 1886–89, attracted much attention. The fact that Vitjaz is lettered on the pediment of the Oceanographical Museum of Monaco among the ten ships most distinguished in oceanographical explorations from the whole world testifies to the scientific importance of Makarov's investigations.


Author(s):  
Shivangi Shrivastava ◽  
Chahal Kailashiya ◽  
Dr Mritunjai Singh ◽  
Dr Archana Tiwari

The utilization of single-use polymer increases day by day and there is no alternative to resolve the problem of waste management till now. It is estimated that 1.1 to 8.8 million tonnes of polymer waste enters the ocean from coastal communities each year. Recent researches suggest that there could be more synthetic polymer than fish in the oceans by weight by the year 2050. White pollution (polymer pollution) has build up an island in between the pacific ocean according to recent studies. This accumulation of polymer waste can face a huge negative imact on both aquatic and terrestial ecosystems. One recent study also shown that polymer pollution can cause cancer in humans. To overcome this problem, there is a requirement to think of another way to introduce a product which has a resemblance with synthetic polymer and has a feature that makes it degradable and economic. Various biopolymer are synthesized by microorganisms that could able to replace the synthetic one. The advantage of using a biopolymer is that it can be biodegradable, could manage the agricultural plant waste as well as environmental waste which is directly responsible for pollution. To fulfill the demand, various biopolymer have been designed all over the world. This review concludes various example of Biopolymer Films with analysis for effective suggestions against Polymer Pollution (White Pollution).


F1000Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Gonzalez-Pestana ◽  
Carlos Kouri J. ◽  
Ximena Velez-Zuazo

Peruvian waters exhibit high conservation value for sharks. This contrasts with a lag in initiatives for their management and a lack of studies about their biology, ecology and fishery. We investigated the dynamics of Peruvian shark fishery and its legal framework identifying information gaps for recommending actions to improve management. Further, we investigated the importance of the Peruvian shark fishery from a regional perspective. From 1950 to 2010, 372,015 tons of sharks were landed in Peru. From 1950 to 1969, we detected a significant increase in landings; but from 2000 to 2011 there was a significant decrease in landings, estimated at 3.5% per year. Six species represented 94% of landings: blue shark (Prionace glauca), shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus), smooth hammerhead (Sphyrna zygaena), common thresher (Alopias vulpinus), smooth-hound (Mustelus whitneyi) and angel shark (Squatina californica). Of these, the angel shark exhibits a strong and significant decrease in landings: 18.9% per year from 2000 to 2010. Peru reports the highest accumulated historical landings in the Pacific Ocean; but its contribution to annual landings has decreased since 1968. Still, Peru is among the top 12 countries exporting shark fins to the Hong Kong market. Although the government collects total weight by species, the number of specimens landed as well as population parameters (e.g. sex, size and weight) are not reported. Further, for some genera, species-level identification is deficient and so overestimates the biomass landed by species and underestimates the species diversity. Recently, regional efforts to regulate shark fishery have been implemented to support the conservation of sharks but in Peru work remains to be done


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Domidoyo Marthinus

Nusantara adalah suatu wilayah kepulauan yang berada di antara dua benua, Asia dan Australia, sebagai benua yang berada dalam dua samudera raya yang di kenal sebagai samudera India dan samudera Pasifik. Kepulauan ini memotong ekuator dari 95 derajat sampai 141 derajat bujur timur. Penduduk pulau ini menarik perhatian berbagai masyarakat dari penjuru dunia, karena tanah subur dengan  limpahan rempah-rempah dan corak masyarakat yang akomodatif dengankecenderunganfriendly dengan kehadiran tamu. Hal ini memicu para pedagang untuk berniaga dan sekaligus bersyiar atau berdakwah. Orang India yang beragama Hindu dan Buddha menjadi orang pertama yang berlabuh untuk berdagang dan sekaligus memperkenalkanagama yang di anut. Hal ini menjadikan identitas sangat bagus untuk diperbincangkan. Sebagai pendatang dantamu di Nusantara, orang-orang India membawa segala identitas termasuk budaya dan agama. Paper ini menjelaskan cara agama dari India hidup dan besar di tengah masyarakat.[The Nusantara is an archipelago located between two continents, Asia and Australia, as a continent located in two major oceans known as the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. These islands intersect the equator from 95 degrees to 141 degrees east longitude. The inhabitants of the island attract the attention of various people from all over the world because the land is fertile with an abundance of spices and an accommodating community style with a friendly inclination to the presence of guests. It triggered the traders to trade and simultaneously spread or preach. Indians who were Hindus and Buddhists were the first to anchor to trade and at the same time introduce the religion adherence embraced. It makes identity important to talk about. As guests and guests in the archipelago, Indians carry all identities, including culture and religion. This paper explains the way religions from India live and grow in society.]


Author(s):  
В.Т. Старожилов

Констатируется, что континентальное обрамление и окраинные моря Тихого океана как планетарная ландшафтная геосистема в освоении Мирового океана и выделенные как Тихоокеанский ландшафтный пояс (https://doi.org/10.18411/a-2017-089) как основа - модель научного и практического освоения геосистемы океан- континент ранее не рассматривалась. В настоящее время в связи с освоением переходной зоны Азиатского континента к океану появилась необходимость рассмотреть возможности применения ландшафтного подхода в практиках освоения геосистем этой зоны. Работа, представляет собой продолжение комплексных исследований в целом сформировавшейся ландшафтной школы профессора В.Т. Старожилова (doi:10.24411/1728-323Х-2020-13079, doi:10.18411/lj-05-2020-26). Отмечается, что комплексное изучение ландшафтной структуры обрамления Тихого океана, имеет базовое значение при природопользовании Мирового океана. Именно ландшафтный пояс, включающий Сихотэ-Алинскую, Нижнеамурскую, Камчатско-Курильскую, Сахалинскую и другие ландшафтные области и сопряженные с ними окраинные моря, представляет собой часть единой с Тихим океаном структуры природы и представляются как основа для выполнения задач науки и практики освоения территорий континентального обрамления Тихого океана, окраинных морей и использования материалов в освоении Мирового океана. Он, как планетарная ландшафтная структура, является базовой моделью «фундаментом» для построения гармонизированных с природой и связанных с океаном экологических, сельскохозяйственных и других отраслевых моделей освоения этой обширной тихоокеанской зоны. Отмечается, что в свою очередь применение компьютерной технологии векторно-слоевого ландшафтного метода создают платформу для разработки планов и проектов освоения. Он также является платформой для обучения студентов. Приводятся данные о картографической обеспеченности пояса современными векторно-слоевыми цифровыми материалами. It is stated that the continental framing and marginal seas of the Pacific Ocean as a planetary landscape geosystem in the development of the World Ocean and identified as the Pacific landscape belt (https://doi.org/10.18411/a-2017-089) as a basis - a model of scientific and practical development of the geosystem ocean-continent has not been previously considered. Currently, in connection with the development of the transition zone of the Asian continent to the ocean, it is necessary to consider the possibilities of applying the landscape approach in the practice of developing the geosystems of this zone. The work is a continuation of the comprehensive studies of the generally formed landscape school of Professor V.T. Starozhilov (doi: 10.24411 / 1728-323X-2020-13079, doi: 10.18411 / lj-05-2020-26). It is noted that a comprehensive study of the landscape structure of the Pacific Ocean framing is of fundamental importance in the use of natural resources in the World Ocean. It is the landscape belt, including the Sikhote-Alin, Nizhneamur, Kamchatka-Kuril, Sakhalin and other landscape areas and the marginal seas associated with them, that is a part of the structure of nature united with the Pacific Ocean and is presented as the basis for fulfilling the tasks of science and practice of developing territories of the continental framing The Pacific Ocean, marginal seas and the use of materials in the development of the World Ocean. It, as a planetary landscape structure, is the basic model "foundation" for building harmonized with nature and related to the ocean ecological, agricultural and other sectoral models for the development of this vast Pacific zone. It is noted that, in turn, the use of computer technology of the vector-layer landscape method creates a platform for the development of plans and development projects. It is also a platform for student learning. The data on the cartographic provision of the belt with modern vector-layer digital materials are presented.


2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
В.Т. Старожилов

It is stated that the continental framing and marginal seas of the Pacific Ocean as a planetary landscape geosystem in the development of the World Ocean and identified as the Pacific landscape belt (https://doi.org/10.18411/a-2017-089) as a basis - a model of scientific and practical development of the geosystem ocean-continent has not been previously considered. Currently, in connection with the development of the transition zone of the Asian continent to the ocean, it is necessary to consider the possibilities of applying the landscape approach in the practice of developing the geosystems of this zone. The work is a continuation of the comprehensive studies of the generally formed landscape school of Professor V.T. Starozhilov (doi: 10.24411 / 1728-323X-2020-13079, doi: 10.18411 / lj-05-2020-26). It is noted that a comprehensive study of the landscape structure of the Pacific Ocean framing is of fundamental importance in the use of natural resources in the World Ocean. It is the landscape belt, including the Sikhote-Alin, Nizhneamur, Kamchatka-Kuril, Sakhalin and other landscape areas and the marginal seas associated with them, that is a part of the structure of nature united with the Pacific Ocean and is presented as the basis for fulfilling the tasks of science and practice of developing territories of the continental framing The Pacific Ocean, marginal seas and the use of materials in the development of the World Ocean. It, as a planetary landscape structure, is the basic model "foundation" for building harmonized with nature and related to the ocean ecological, agricultural and other sectoral models for the development of this vast Pacific zone. It is noted that, in turn, the use of computer technology of the vector-layer landscape method creates a platform for the development of plans and development projects. It is also a platform for student learning. The data on the cartographic provision of the belt with modern vector-layer digital materials are presented.


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