scholarly journals CREATING A 3D MODEL OF OBJECTS USING TWO CAMERAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Gulnara Feyziyeva Gulnara Feyziyeva

Over the past 20 years, 3D (three-dimensional) technology has become widespread as an advanced method for creating digital models of objects. This direction of science is used not only in the technical and space fields, but in the storage and protection of pharmaceuticals, museum exhibits and other cultural values in the form of digital data. Currently, the method based on laser scanning is of particular importance for obtaining accurate images among wide-sector methods for constructing digital models of objects. Although the limited application of the method is associated with financial and economic problems, the accuracy of data, the creation of artificial objects, characters using various editors and programs, their animation, as well as harmony with real objects and interiors have become key factors in the spread of this technology. The article analyzes the process of obtaining a three-dimensional image of a model using two cameras using three-dimensional graphics editors. Keywords: 3D technology, digital model, graphic representation, Monge method, modeling.

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balletti ◽  
Ballarin

In recent decades, 3D acquisition by laser scanning or digital photogrammetry has become one of the standard methods of documenting cultural heritage, because it permits one to analyze the shape, geometry, and location of any artefact without necessarily coming into contact with it. The recording of three-dimensional metrical data of an asset allows one to preserve and monitor, but also to understand and explain the history and cultural heritage shared. In essence, it constitutes a digital archive of the state of an artefact, which can be used for various purposes, be remodeled, or kept safely stored. With the introduction of 3D printing, digital data can once again take on material form and become physical objects from the corresponding mathematical models in a relatively short time and often at low cost. This possibility has led to a different consideration of the concept of virtual data, no longer necessarily linked to simple visual fruition. The importance of creating high-resolution physical copies has been reassessed in light of different types of events that increasingly threaten the protection of cultural heritage. The aim of this research is to analyze the critical issues in the production process of the replicas, focusing on potential problems in data acquisition and processing and on the accuracy of the resulting 3D printing. The metric precision of the printed model with 3D technology are fundamental for everything concerning geomatics and must be related to the same characteristics of the digital model obtained through the survey analysis.


Author(s):  
A. Stamnas ◽  
D. Kaimaris ◽  
C. Georgiadis ◽  
P. Patias

Abstract. Nowadays, there are many methods and techniques for the documentation and the restoration of historic structures and historical artifacts that are commonly used due to their completeness, accuracy and fastness. The use of advanced 3D measurement technologies, by either using terrestrial or aerial means of acquiring digital data, has become an efficient and reliable documentation tool. Within this context, this study focuses on combining terrestrial laser scanning, unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry, close-range photogrammetry and topographic surveying, and comparing the associated digital data for archaeological fieldwork documentation. The data collected during the Thessaloniki Toumba Excavation (Greece) provided accurate digital surface models and photo-realistic three-dimensional outputs of archaeological trenches. The data elaboration enabled new inferences and knowledge to be gained through the implementation of advanced technologies in heritage documentation.


Author(s):  
Dongna Cai ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
Yongjian Huai

Flower plants have become a major difficulty in virtual plant research because of their rich external morphological structure and complex physiological processes. Computer vision simulation provides powerful tools for exploring powerful biological systems and operating laws. In this paper, Chrysanthemum and Chinese rose, double flowers as the symbolic flowers of Beijing, are chosen as the study subject. On the basis of maximizing the protection of flower growth structure, an effective method based on laser scanning for three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and visual simulation of flower plants is proposed. This method uses laser technology to scan the sample and store it as point cloud data. After applying a series of image analysis and processing techniques such as splicing, denoising, repairing and color correction, the digital data optimized by the sample is obtained accurately and efficiently, and a highly realistic 3D simulation model of the plant is formed. The results of the research indicate that it is a convenient research method for the 3D reconstruction of flower plants and computer vision simulation of virtual plants. It also provides an effective way for in-depth study of scientific experiments and digital protection of rare and endangered plants.


2018 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 00015
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kądziołka ◽  
Damian Kasza ◽  
Wojciech J. Milczarek

The dynamic development of measurement technology based on the use of laser scanners allows for fast transfer of information, related to terrestrial data, to a virtual environment and enables the creation of three-dimensional models. Because of the growing demand for underground areas inventory, especially historic areas, the creation of 3D numerical models increases in popularity. It allows to increase the geotouristic potential of a particular area and to use solutions in support of the safety of tourists as well as the safety of area itself. The development of the terrestrial laser scanning technique is accompanied simultaneously by the development of means of digital data processing that was obtained in the form of point clouds. Those means use the commercial software as well as software available in the open source system. Both computing environments use algorithms enabling the processing of huge collections of points in automatized mode by using a number of open-access algorithms either freeware or dedicated. The methodology of numerical models development, described in this article, has been presented on the example of underground object “Rzeczka” (“Riese” Complex) located at the Sowie Range (SW Poland).


Author(s):  
Maxim A. Altyntsev ◽  
◽  
Pavel A. Karpik ◽  

Recently, a line of research devoted to the creation of three-dimensional metric simulated models of digital twins has been actively developing. The goal of creating digital twins is to transfer the complicated manufacturing processes, that are performed while monitoring the state of real objects, to a computer environment where a three-dimensional information model was first created. The key requirements are accuracy and efficiency within the conditions of design, construction and operation of real objects when making changes to them. These requirements are met by an active method of the Earth remote sensing, such as laser scanning. Terrestrial laser scanning is used to model objects over a relatively small area and to achieve maximum accuracy. The task of creating digital twin models poses higher requirements for choosing a field stage laser scanning technique and has many features when performing three-dimensional modeling using field data. The article proposes technique of three-dimensional modeling for creating building information models. It analyses the accuracy of the terrestrial laser scanning results. A warehouse space to be reconstructed was selected as the subject of the study. Using the example of laser scanning data for this object, it was indicated that the method under consideration allows ensuring the accuracy of creating a three-dimensional information model up to 1 cm. The laser scanning data of the object show that the considered method ensures 3D information model accuracy up to 1 cm.


2011 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 338-345
Author(s):  
Francesco Guerra ◽  
Paolo Vernier

Actually geometrics’ science offers new opportunities and interesting applications in the field of Cultural Heritage. These applications are strictly related to preservation, restoration but even to cataloging and reproducing a monument that no longer has its original integrity.  The possibility of obtaining 3D data, of such a model close to reality, enables us to realize studies that sometimes are too complex or impossible. The paper will describe the study of a monumental arch, the Arco dei Gavi, built in Verona during the I sec. A.C., that was destroyed in 1805 by the Napoleonic army, and its wooden model that was realized in 1813 and it has a very important role concerning the monument’s reconstruction. The purpose is to realize two threedimensional models which can be comparable to each other, two models with recognizable differences, similarities and discontinuities about shapes and single elements that compose the monument. It should also be noted that some original parts of the monument have not been relocated but are badly preserved in a museum: the 3D digital model helps to identify these parts in their original location. The main steps of the work can be summarized in: collecting the historical documentation of Arco dei Gavi and its representations; identifying proper instruments (laser scanning and photogrammetric hardware and software); surveying the Arch and its wooden model; identifying a unique and shared reference system; comparing both digital models related to the same scale; choosing a three-dimensional representation to emphasize the results; reallocation of outstanding pieces (virtual anastylosis).


2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 81-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry P. Chapman ◽  
Vincent L. Gaffney ◽  
Helen L. Moulden

The digitisation of museum collections provides great opportunities for broad communication and access. However, currently the majority of online ‘virtual’ museums present information two-dimensionally. Three-dimensional data capture using laser scanning provides the potential to generate 3D virtual objects that can be used for a much greater interactive experience. This paper presents the results of a JISC-funded project aimed at the generation of a 3D online museum of an internationally important collection of Egyptological artefacts that have not previously been publicly available. The results from the project demonstrate the value of 3D museums, in addition to highlighting some of the future possibilities for interaction with objects and the ways in which such virtual museums can revolutionise access to collections for education and public interest. It also stresses ways in which such collections can benefit scholars in terms of reference collections, object analysis and interpretation. The question of objectivity and authenticity of virtual collections, in comparison with real objects is raised.


2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-288
Author(s):  
Shahad A. Al-Saqal ◽  
Ali A. Al-Temeemy

Three-dimensional reconstruction of real objects comprises capturing the appearance and the shape for these objects and determining the three-dimensional coordinates for their profiles. This reconstruction process can be accomplished either by using active or passive techniques. In this paper, a new fusion method is proposed for 3D reconstruction. This method exploits the advantages of both stereo-based passive and laser-based active techniques and overcomes their limitations to improve the performance of 3D reconstruction. With this method, a hybrid laser-based structured light scanning system is designed and implemented. This system captures the required information using passive and active techniques and uses the proposed fusion method for 3D reconstruction. The performance of the proposed method and its scanning system were experimentally evaluated. The evaluation results show high reconstruction performance for the proposed fusion method over the traditional 3D reconstruction techniques. The results also show the effectiveness of the hybrid laser scanning system and its ability to scan and reconstruct the shape and the appearance for real objects using the proposed fusion method.


Author(s):  
J. Holy ◽  
G. Schatten

One of the classic limitations of light microscopy has been the fact that three dimensional biological events could only be visualized in two dimensions. Recently, this shortcoming has been overcome by combining the technologies of laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) and computer processing of microscopical data by volume rendering methods. We have employed these techniques to examine morphogenetic events characterizing early development of sea urchin embryos. Specifically, the fourth cleavage division was examined because it is at this point that the first morphological signs of cell differentiation appear, manifested in the production of macromeres and micromeres by unequally dividing vegetal blastomeres.The mitotic spindle within vegetal blastomeres undergoing unequal cleavage are highly polarized and develop specialized, flattened asters toward the micromere pole. In order to reconstruct the three-dimensional features of these spindles, both isolated spindles and intact, extracted embryos were fluorescently labeled with antibodies directed against either centrosomes or tubulin.


Author(s):  
Hakan Ancin

This paper presents methods for performing detailed quantitative automated three dimensional (3-D) analysis of cell populations in thick tissue sections while preserving the relative 3-D locations of cells. Specifically, the method disambiguates overlapping clusters of cells, and accurately measures the volume, 3-D location, and shape parameters for each cell. Finally, the entire population of cells is analyzed to detect patterns and groupings with respect to various combinations of cell properties. All of the above is accomplished with zero subjective bias.In this method, a laser-scanning confocal light microscope (LSCM) is used to collect optical sections through the entire thickness (100 - 500μm) of fluorescently-labelled tissue slices. The acquired stack of optical slices is first subjected to axial deblurring using the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm. The resulting isotropic 3-D image is segmented using a spatially-adaptive Poisson based image segmentation algorithm with region-dependent smoothing parameters. Extracting the voxels that were labelled as "foreground" into an active voxel data structure results in a large data reduction.


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