Influence of Prescribed Burning on Biological Attributes of the Soil in Natural Pasture from Pantanal

Background:1,4-Diazepines are two nitrogen containing seven membered heterocyclic compounds and associated with a wide range of biological activities. Due to its medicinal importance, scientists are actively involved in the synthesis, reactions and biological evaluation of 1,4-diazepines since number of decades.Objective:The primary purpose of this review is to discuss the synthetic schemes and reactivity of 1,4- diazepines. This article also describes biological aspects of 1,4-diazepine derivatives, that can be usefully exploited for the pharmaceutical sector.Conclusion:This review summarizes the abundant literature on synthetic routes, chemical reactions and biological attributes of 1,4-diazepine derivatives. We concluded that 1,4-diazepines have significant importance due to their biological activities like antipsychotic, anxiolytic, anthelmintic, anticonvulsant, antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer. 1,4-diazepine derivatives with significant biological activities could be explored for potential use in the pharmaceutical industries.

Download Full-text

Avian Community Response to Midrotation Herbicide Release and Prescribed Burning in Conservation Reserve Program Plantations

Southern Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/sjaf/32.3.111 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 111-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Brandon Sladek ◽

L. Burger ◽

Ian Munn

Keyword(s):

Loblolly Pine ◽

Prescribed Burning ◽

Conservation Reserve Program ◽

Volume Growth ◽

Bird Species ◽

Community Response ◽

Individual Species ◽

Avian Community ◽

Disturbance Regimes ◽

Pinus Spp

Abstract Former agricultural lands converted to pine (Pinus spp.) plantations in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) have potential to provide early successional (ES) habitat for many regionally declining pine/grassland and shrub-successional bird species if actively managed with appropriate disturbance regimes. One such regime is use of the selective herbicide Imazapyr (Arsenal Applicators Concentrate) and prescribed burning, which is permitted on CRP lands and cost share payments are available. This study quantified combined effects of Imazapyr and prescribed fire on the breeding season avian community characteristics and pine volume growth in thinned, midrotation afforested loblolly pine (Pinus taedaL.) plantations in Mississippi. Herbicide treatments were applied in fall of 2002 and winter burns were conducted during winter and early spring of 2002–2003. ES bird species richness was significantly greater in the treated plots compared with controls for both 2003 and 2004. Ten individual species exhibited treatment effects. These responses by ES bird species indicate that midrotation CRPplantations can provide needed ES habitat if treated with appropriate disturbance regimes.

Download Full-text

Correction to: Fire Management in The Boreal Forest of Swedish Sápmi: Prescribed Burning and Consideration of Sami Reindeer Herding During 1920–1970

Environmental Management ◽

10.1007/s00267-021-01520-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sarah Cogos ◽

Lars Östlund ◽

Samuel Roturier

Keyword(s):

Boreal Forest ◽

Prescribed Burning ◽

Fire Management ◽

Reindeer Herding

Download Full-text

Prescribed burning in a mediterranean-climate region mitigates the disturbance by bushfire to a critical food resource for an endangered bird, the Carnaby’s cockatoo

Fire Ecology ◽

10.1186/s42408-019-0054-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Valerie S. Densmore ◽

Emma S. Clingan

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Prescribed Burning ◽

Fire Regime ◽

Fire Hazard ◽

Food Resource ◽

Management Tool ◽

Fire Intensity ◽

Prescribed Burns ◽

Low Intensity ◽

Percentage Survival

Abstract Background Prescribed burning is used to reduce fire hazard in highly flammable vegetation types, including Banksia L.f. woodland that occurs on the Swan Coastal Plain (SCP), Western Australia, Australia. The 2016 census recorded well over 1.9 million people living on the SCP, which also encompasses Perth, the fourth largest city in Australia. Banksia woodland is prone to frequent ignitions that can cause extensive bushfires that consume canopy-stored banksia seeds, a critical food resource for an endangered bird, the Carnaby’s cockatoo (Calyptorynchus latirostris, Carnaby 1948). The time needed for banksias to reach maturity and maximum seed production is several years longer than the typical interval between prescribed burns. We compared prescribed burns to bushfires and unburned sites at three locations in banksia woodland to determine whether low-intensity prescribed burns affect the number of adult banksias and their seed production. Study sites were matched to the same vegetation complex, fire regime, and time-since-fire to isolate fire intensity as a variable. Results Headfire rates of spread and differenced normalized burn ratios indicated that prescribed burning was generally of a much lower intensity than bushfire. The percentage survival of adult banksias and their production of cones and follicles (seeds) did not decrease during the first three years following a prescribed burn. However, survival and seed production were significantly diminished followed high-intensity bushfire. Thus, carrying capacity for Carnaby’s cockatoo was unchanged by prescribed burning but decreased markedly following bushfire in banksia woodland. Conclusions These results suggest that prescribed burning is markedly different from bushfire when considering appropriate fire intervals to conserve canopy habitats in fire-resilient vegetation communities. Therefore, low-intensity prescribed burning represents a viable management tool to reduce the frequency and extent of bushfire impacts on banksia woodland and Carnaby’s cockatoo.

Download Full-text

Human-canid relationship in the Americas: an examination of canid biological attributes and domestication

Mammalian Biology ◽

10.1007/s42991-021-00129-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Valentina Segura ◽

Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra

Keyword(s):

Biological Attributes

Download Full-text

Facilitating Prescribed Fire in Northern California through Indigenous Governance and Interagency Partnerships

Fire ◽

10.3390/fire4030037 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

Tony Marks-Block ◽

William Tripp

Keyword(s):

Political Ecology ◽

Prescribed Fire ◽

Prescribed Burning ◽

Participant Observation ◽

Fire Suppression ◽

The United States ◽

Northern California ◽

Prescribed Burn ◽

California Department ◽

State Regulations

Prescribed burning by Indigenous people was once ubiquitous throughout California. Settler colonialism brought immense investments in fire suppression by the United States Forest Service and the California Department of Forestry and Fire Prevention (CAL FIRE) to protect timber and structures, effectively limiting prescribed burning in California. Despite this, fire-dependent American Indian communities such as the Karuk and Yurok peoples, stalwartly advocate for expanding prescribed burning as a part of their efforts to revitalize their culture and sovereignty. To examine the political ecology of prescribed burning in Northern California, we coupled participant observation of prescribed burning in Karuk and Yurok territories (2015–2019) with 75 surveys and 18 interviews with Indigenous and non-Indigenous fire managers to identify political structures and material conditions that facilitate and constrain prescribed fire expansion. Managers report that interagency partnerships have provided supplemental funding and personnel to enable burning, and that decentralized prescribed burn associations facilitate prescribed fire. However, land dispossession and centralized state regulations undermine Indigenous and local fire governance. Excessive investment in suppression and the underfunding of prescribed fire produces a scarcity of personnel to implement and plan burns. Where Tribes and local communities have established burning infrastructure, authorities should consider the devolution of decision-making and land repatriation to accelerate prescribed fire expansion.

Download Full-text

Lichen Community Response to Prescribed Burning and Thinning in Southern Pine Forests of the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain, USA

Fire Ecology ◽

10.4996/fireecology.1103014 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 14-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

David G. Ray ◽

Jason W. Barton ◽

James C. Lendemer

Keyword(s):

Coastal Plain ◽

Prescribed Burning ◽

Community Response ◽

Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽

Pine Forests ◽

Southern Pine ◽

Lichen Community ◽

Atlantic Coastal

Download Full-text

Quantitative Analysis of Forest Fires in Southeastern Australia Using SAR Data

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13122386 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 2386

Author(s):

Aqil Tariq ◽

Hong Shu ◽

Qingting Li ◽

Orhan Altan ◽

Mobushir Riaz Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forest Fires ◽

Prescribed Burning ◽

Fire Risk ◽

Fire Season ◽

Prescribed Burn ◽

Backscatter Coefficient ◽

Prescribed Burns ◽

Southeastern Australia ◽

Sar Data ◽

Sar Imagery

Prescribed burning is a common strategy for minimizing forest fire risk. Fire is introduced under specific environmental conditions, with explicit duration, intensity, and rate of spread. Such conditions deviate from those encountered during the fire season. Prescribed burns mostly affect surface fuels and understory vegetation, an outcome markedly different when compared to wildfires. Data on prescribed burning are crucial for evaluating whether land management targets have been reached. This research developed a methodology to quantify the effects of prescribed burns using multi-temporal Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery in the forests of southeastern Australia. C-band SAR datasets were specifically used to statistically explore changes in radar backscatter coefficients with the intensity of prescribed burns. Two modeling approaches based on pre- and post-fire ratios were applied for evaluating prescribed burn impacts. The effects of prescribed burns were documented with an overall accuracy of 82.3% using cross-polarized backscatter (VH) SAR data under dry conditions. The VV polarization indicated some potential to detect burned areas under wet conditions. The findings in this study indicate that the C-band SAR backscatter coefficient has the potential to evaluate the effectiveness of prescribed burns due to its sensitivity to changes in vegetation structure.

Download Full-text