Automated assessment technology for subjective tests is one of the key techniques of exam systems. A model based on domain ontology is proposed in this paper, which can be used in exam systems to estimate subjective tests. After analysing the present research status of subjective automated assessment technology, the paper makes a study on the construction method of domain ontology by taking software engeering domain as an example. Semantic similarity calculation based on domain ontology is used for automatic assessment in this paper. The automatic assessment system can divide a sentence into a series of phrases by using the natural language processing technology and get the score by evaluating the semantic similarity of the student's answer. The experiments show that the results of the system which has certain valuable feasibility and applicability are credible and the scoring errors are acceptable.