scholarly journals The ICT Sector in Economic Development of the Countries of Eastern Europe: a Comparative Analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 169-185
Author(s):  
Maksym Dubyna ◽  
Nataliia Kholiavko ◽  
Artur Zhavoronok ◽  
Yuriy Safonov ◽  
Denys Krylov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Internet Banking ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Online Purchase ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Functional Areas ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the article is to study the impact of the ICT sector on economic development of countries based on the comparative analysis of this sector development in some Eastern European countries. Within the article, economic development of the outlined countries in 2010-2019 was studied and analyzed. The analysis of the impact of the ICT sector on the GDP formation allowed to single out certain groups of countries under this indicator and to identify the characteristics that are inherent to them. Using the correlation-regression analysis made it possible to analyze the ICT impact on economies development of Hungary, Bulgaria, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. Authors paid a special attention to the study of the influence of various factors on the ICT sector development. Accordingly, an analytical study of the dependence of the ICT sector weight in the GDP of the countries on the following parameters: enterprises that employ ICT specialists; enterprises that provided training to develop/upgrade ICT skills of their personnel; percentage of the ICT personnel in total employment; using Internet for Internet banking, % of individuals; enterprises who have ERP software package to share information between different functional areas; enterprises selling online (at least 1% of turnover), % of enterprises; online purchase in the last 12 months, % of individuals; enterprises having received orders via computer mediated networks, % of enterprises. Within the article, the features of the ICT sector development in the COVID-19 context are examined, and it is analyzed how the pandemic has affected the development of this sector in long and short terms. The study showed that the ICT sector today already plays a key role in the development of the national economies. Countries where the sector is developing faster show better performance and economic development.

scholarly journals Measuring Economic Development and the Impact of Economic Globalisation

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-207
Author(s):  
Roukanas Spyros
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Global Political Economy ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Global Economic Crisis ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic Globalisation

Abstract The aim of this article is to measure economic development and the impact of economic globalisation under the prism of global political economy. Global political economy is a field of study that has its roots in international relations. The growth of world economic transactions after the collapse of the Bretton Woods system in the 1970s created the need for a new field of study, in order to explain the interdependence between politics and economics on the international level. Global political economy is the field of study that also examines the implications of economic globalisation for national economies and for the global economy. The concept of economic development is broader than economic growth, which is related to GDP growth. The concept of economic globalisation has changed the prospects of economic development for certain developed and developing economies. The main changes of economic globalisation are closely related to the following aspects of national economies: trade, finance, and production. The analysis of this article will reveal the effects of economic globalisation on different aspects of economic development. These aspects are studied under the prism of indexes such as Financial Development Index, openness to trade, Human Development Index, the GINI Index and other inequality indexes. The aftermath of the global economic crisis of 2007-2008 placed at the epicentre the interdependence of national economies and the issue of economic inequalities. The study of the aforementioned indexes will highlight the alterations that have occurred from the manifestation of the global economic crisis until today. The article is focusing on the following countries: China, Germany, Greece, and the United States for the last decade (2009-2019), on the basis of the available data.

scholarly journals On the Methodological Unity of Post-Industrial and Sustainable Development as the Environment Preservation Imperative

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 04021
Author(s):  
Daniela Marasova ◽  
Massimo Ligatto ◽  
Daniel Cassati ◽  
Vladimir Zolotukhin
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Environmental Conditioning ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Satisfaction Of Needs

Each stage of the economic development of any society is associated with the consumption of natural resources. Thus, the impact of human society on the environment determines the environmental conditionality of the economy. The problem of economy – the maximum satisfaction of needs – becomes the central problem of ecology, as the development of civilization has caused a large volume of resources’ consumption. National economies can be at one of the following development stages: traditional, industrial, post-industrial society. Each stage is characterized by a certain state, the structure of economy, the type and amount of used resources, the attitude to the natural environment and, accordingly, the type of ecological and economic development. In an industrial society, the environmental conditioning of the economy is associated with the use and minimization of resource consumption in order to increase the economic efficiency, but not with understanding that the resources are exhaustible and non-renewable. Therefore, when moving to the postindustrial stage of development, it is important to understand its connection with sustainable development, which consists in synchronizing the innovative development of the productive forces of industry and the "green" nature-saving technologies.

scholarly journals STRATEGIC PRIORITIES OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL CHALLENGES

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The World ◽  
International Economic Cooperation ◽  
The Face ◽  
Economic Stabilization ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Impact

Globalized challenges of the world economy have created an objective need for Ukraine to develop in the face of the country’s lack of preparedness for global competition and integration. The development of the economy of Ukraine in the context of globalization is taking place in a context of incomplete systemic socioeconomic and political transformation and poses problems related to the optimal integration of the economy of the country into the global economy. At the same time, the impact of globalization processes calls for new theoretical approaches to justify the structural transformation of a country’s economic development model. The directions of globalization for national economies are quite complex and contradictory. Globalization is deepening specialization and cooperation globally and the international division of labor. International competition stimulates the development of innovative processes and state-of-the-art technologies through technology transfer among countries of the world. The current model of development in Ukraine is characterized by significant deformations of the economy: fragmentation of technological space, excessive social differentiation, increased poverty, unemployment and a reduction in the population, The Russian Federation is a country with many countries, which have been affected by human-made environmental degradation and overload, the shrinking of the domestic market and the national economy, the rise of the shadow economy, the rise of corruption, etc. All this points to a structural imbalance in the Ukrainian economy. The further intensification of globalization processes will exacerbate the problem of national identity, The solution of which many countries see the strengthening of State influence on international economic cooperation through the introduction of protectionist measures in the areas of trade, migration and investment, that in turn will contribute to the strengthening of geo-economic and geopolitical tensions in the world. In this context, there is a need to establish new principles for world economic stabilization and development.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF TOURISM ON GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF OIL PRODUCING COUNTRIES)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-379
Author(s):  
E.V. Kutyashova ◽  
O.E. Danilin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the economic development of oil-producing countries, the impact of tourism on the economy of energy exporting countries and the formation of gross domestic product. The high dependence of oil-producing countries on the export of raw materials, fluctuations in the world oil market and awareness of the limited resources require a policy of diversification of national economies. Overcoming the dependence of the economy on a narrow range of economic activities, countries choose rapidly developing economic sectors that provide investment inflows, high export earnings and job creation. One such sector is tourism and travel. Within the framework of the study, countries with a high degree of dependence on energy exports were identified and grouped according to the level of economic development. To identify the role of tourism in the formation of the gross domestic product and the development of oil-producing countries, the average growth rates of the gross domestic product, the contribution of tourism to GDP, and investment in tourism were calculated for the period from 2010 to 2019. The countries that have chosen tourism as the direction of economic diversification are highlighted. An assessment of the impact of tourism on the rates of development of national economies of oil-producing countries is given.

ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАЗАХСТАН В УСЛОВИЯХ ВЛИЯНИЯ ПАНДЕМИИ

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.С. Кернебаев ◽  
Б.К. Джазыкбаева ◽  
О.В. Жидкоблинова ◽  
М.Т. Юсупов ◽  
A.S. Kernebaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Financial Monitoring ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Impact

В статье рассматриваются основные экономические аспекты государственного регулирования Казахстана в условиях кризиса мировой экономической системы и пандемии. Дается анализ структуры валовой добавленной стоимости по отраслям Казахстана, основных показателей по основным целевым индикаторам развития экономики. Определена роль современного состояния банковского сектора в развитии экономики страны: участие в формировании ВВП, динамика и структура совокупных активов и обязательств за последние годы. Авторы показывают влияния банковского сектора на развитие экономики Казахстана и выявлены его проблемы и факторы, которые оказывают влияние на текущую ситуацию, и сделан прогноз на будущее развитие. Приведены показатели инвестиционной активности экономики. Обращено внимание на уязвимость национальных экономик от влияния мировых финансовых кризисов, показано, что в условиях трансформационных преобразований целесообразным является активизация кредитования, стимулирования хозяйственной деятельности с целью восстановления и оживления экономического роста. Определено, что важным инструментом государственного регулирования экономического развития должен быть финансовый мониторинг совокупности макроэкономических показателей, способствующий повышению результативности дальнейших финансовых преобразований Результаты проведенной работы могут способствовать расширению границ исследований вопросов по развитию экономики Казахстана, а также выступать аналитической основой для дальнейших разработок. The article examines the main economic aspects of state regulation of Kazakhstan in the context of the crisis of the world economic system and pandemic. The analysis of the structure of gross value added by industry in Kazakhstan, the main indicators for the main target indicators of economic development. The role of the current state of the banking sector in the development of the country's economy is determined: participation in the formation of GDP, dynamics and structure of total assets and liabilities in recent years. The authors show the influence of the banking sector on the development of the economy of Kazakhstan and identify its problems and factors that affect the current situation, and make a forecast for future development. Indicators of investment activity of the economy are given. Attention is drawn to the vulnerability of national economies to the impact of global financial crises, it is shown that in the context of transformations, it is advisable to activate lending, stimulate economic activity in order to restore and revive economic growth. It has been determined that an important instrument of state regulation of economic development should be financial monitoring of a set of macroeconomic indicators, contributing to an increase in the effectiveness of further financial transformations. The results of this work can contribute to expanding the boundaries of research on the development of the economy of Kazakhstan, as well as serve as an analytical basis for further developments.

Manufacturing vs. Services and the Role of Information Technology

2019 ◽  
pp. 416-430
Author(s):  
Arnab Adhikari ◽  
Shromona Ganguly
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Role Of Information

The role of information technology is often debated in the context of economic development of the developing countries. In order to understand the role technology plays in the structural change of the economy, the chapter analyzes the case of India, which, according to many researchers, has experienced an “idiosyncratic” pattern of structural changes since its independence compared to many countries. This is evident from the fact that the growth of Indian economy has been driven by the services sector rather than manufacturing, which prompted many researches to conclude that India has leapfrogged the phase of industrialization. This chapter examines the impact of services-led growth and the role of information technology in India through a comparative analysis of manufacturing versus services in export performance and employment scenario. The chapter concludes that India needs a more broad-based policy of technology adoption, not only to sustain its services-led growth but also to boost its manufacturing sector as well as make the economic development more inclusive.

Manufacturing vs. Services and the Role of Information Technology

2018 ◽  
pp. 7234-7247
Author(s):  
Arnab Adhikari ◽  
Shromona Ganguly
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Role Of Information

The role of information technology is often debated in the context of economic development of the developing countries. In order to understand the role technology plays in the structural change of the economy, the chapter analyses the case of India, which, according to many researchers has experienced an “idiosyncratic” pattern of structural changes since its independence compared to many countries. This is evident from the fact that growth of Indian economy has been driven by the services sector rather than manufacturing which prompted many researches to conclude that India has leapfrogged the phase of industrialization. This chapter examines the impact of services-led growth and the role of Information Technology in India through a comparative analysis of manufacturing versus services in export performance and employment scenario. The study concludes that the India needs a more broad based policy of technology adoption, not only to sustain its services led growth but also to boost its manufacturing sector as well as make the economic development more inclusive.

The Impact of the Tourism Industry in Kosovo and Albania

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1289
Author(s):  
Behrije RAMAJ-DESKU ◽  
Fatos UKAJ
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Summary Statistics ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Direct Contribution ◽  
The Impact

Tourism is considered an industry with a high impact on the economic development of a country. Based on this fact, the main purpose of this paper is to present and compare the statistics of foreign and domestic visitors, as well as the impact of tourism to employment and GDP in Albania and in Kosovo. According to the summary statistics, there is a positive increase in the number of foreign and domestic visitors who have visited Kosovo. In Kosovo there is a less tourism contribution to employment and GDP than in Albania as tourism is more developed in Albania. Pristina is considered the most interesting city to visit by foreigners and locals. In Albania, the direct contribution of tourism to GDP in 2016, which was 8.4%, is projected to increase to 10% in 2022. The contribution of tourism to total employment in Albania in 2016 was 7.7%

Dynamic interaction between higher education and economic progress: a comparative analysis of BRICS countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Chang ◽  
Yian Chen ◽  
Chang Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Interaction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to gain a deeper insight on how education boosts economic progress in key emerging economies. This project is aimed at exploring the interactive dynamics between the tertiary education sector and economic development in BRICS countries. The author also aims to examine how the structure of higher education contributes to economic expansion.Design/methodology/approachThe author uses the time series data of BRICS countries across approximately two decades to determine the statistical causality between the size of tertiary enrollment and economic development. The linear regression model is then used to figure out the different impact levels of academic and vocational training programs at the tertiary level to economic development.FindingsData from all BRICS countries exhibited a unidirectional statistical causality relationship, except the Brazilian data. The national economic expansion Granger Caused increased tertiary enrollment in Russia and India, while in China and South Africa, higher education enrollment Granger Caused economic progress. The impact from tertiary academic training is found to be positive for all BRICS nations, while tertiary vocation training is shown to have impaired the Russian and South African economy.Research limitations/implicationsThis project is based on a rather small sample size, and the stationary feature of the time series could be different should a larger pool of data spanning a longer period of time is used. In addition, the author also neglects other control variables in the regression model. Therefore, the impact level could be distorted due to possible omitted variable bias.Practical implicationsTertiary academic study is found to have a larger impact level to all countries’ economic advancement, except for China, during the time frame studied. There is a statistical correlation between the education and economic progress. This is particularly true for BRICS countries, especially China. But the exception is Brazil.Social implicationsThe government should provide education up to the certain level, as there is a direct correlation to the job creation and economic progress. Furthermore, the government should also work closely with industry to ensure growth of industry and creation of new jobs.Originality/valueThe comparative analysis and evaluation of the dynamic interaction of tertiary enrollment and economic output across all five BRICS nations is unique, and it deepens the understanding of the socioeconomic development in these countries from a holistic management perspective.

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