scholarly journals Peculiarities of the Compositional Structure of the Text of the English-Language Academic Lecture

Author(s):  
Marina Sukhomlinova ◽  

The academic lecture is considered to be one of the basic genres of modern English-language academic discourse. The study of the compositional structure of the lecture text is extremely important, since a correctly arranged composition contributes to a better presentation of the topic by the lecturer and systemic learning of the material by the students. The purpose of this research was to identify the compositional features of the text of the English-language academic lecture. To achieve this goal, eight English-language lectures on the humanities were selected and carefully analysed. In the course of the analysis, phases of the lecture were singled out, the hierarchy of its elements was revealed, and the composition matrix of the lecture text was built. The main compositional elements of the lecture are as follows: the pre-text part (title complex), the text part (introduction, body, and conclusion) and the aftertext part (references and expression of gratitude for attention). As a result, the author proved that the lecture text has a matrix structure, whose elements are nonuniform, each being designed to perform its own specific function. The compositional-semantic structure of the lecture captures the movement from the “old” knowledge to the “new”. Further, English-language lectures demonstrate both strong and weak positions. This means that some elements in the text are more important than others. At the same time, the strong position does not have to be rigidly connected with the structure of the text. The following are regarded as strong positions: title of the lecture, names of its subsections, beginning and end of subsections, introductory and closing parts of the lecture, conclusions, semantic repetitions of key information, questions-and-answers part, and in-text references.

Author(s):  
Darija Omrčen ◽  
Hrvoje Pečarić

Nicknaming of individual athletes and sports teams is a multifaceted phenomenon the analysis of which reveals numerous reasons for choosing a particular name or nickname. The practice of nicknaming has become so embedded in the concept of sport that it requires exceptional attention by those who create these labels. The goal of this research was to analyse the semantic structure of boxers’ nicknames, i.e. the possible principles of their formation. To realize the research aims 378 male boxers’ nicknames, predominantly in the English language, were collected. The nicknames were allocated to semantic categories according to the content area or areas they referred to. Counts and percentages were calculated for the nicknames in each subsample created with regard to the number of semantic categories used to create a boxer’s nickname and for the group of nicknames allocated to the miscellaneous group. Counts were calculated for all groups within each subsample.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (25) ◽  
pp. 180-186
Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Blinova ◽  

The purpose of this article is to describe the verbs of interpersonal interaction with the semantics of mental influence in the English language and to consider the criteria for semantic classification, on the basis of which the selected verbs can be grouped. There is a large number of works devoted to the study of lexico-semantic, pragmatic, morphological and other features of individual subgroups of interpersonal interaction verbs (in particular, compulsion verbs, verbs of speech influence, etc.), however, no attempt has yet been made to identify, study and classify a group of interpersonal interaction verbs with the semantics of mental influence. The material of the study is dictionary definitions from the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English and Longman Dictionary of English Language and Culture, as well as examples from the National British Corpus. The study describes in detail the procedure for selecting verbs of interpersonal interaction with the semantics of mental influence, identifies the features that are integral for this group of verbs, as well as the criteria for semantic classification, on the basis of which the selected verbs were divided into subgroups. Verbs of mental influence have a complex semantic structure. The signs «interpersonal interaction» and «impact on the object» are integral for the studied group of verbs. The sign of intentionality is not integral, but it is included in the semantic structure of most verbs of this group. In addition, the semantic structure of verbs of mental effects shows thatthe classification of verbs in this group may be an indication of the impact on a particular area of the psyche which indicates the correlation of the meanings of mental influence verbs with the findings of modern psychological theory


Author(s):  
Olga Migorian ◽  
Tetiana Pavlovych

During the last century, the development of word-forming issues has been investigated so intensely that today it is possible to state the existance of a number of approaches and its versatile study both in synchrony and diachrony. Some linguists have studied the issues of word formation within etymology, while others have considered the problems of word formation in the context of grammar, focusing on structural analysis. Representatives of the lexical study described predominantly semantic relations between different structural units. Confirmation of the theory of interaction of different linguistic levels was the study of structural and semantic relations in oppositional pairs of "forming lexical unit – derivative". The main task of historical and onomasiological research, which is the basis of our research is to reveal the nature of the semantic structure of the concept; to trace the basic tendencies of the historical development of the prefixal way of word formation in English, the change of its semantic boundaries and the basic structures from epoch to epoch. The linguistic form of content is a word in general and a derivative in particular. The article presents an attempt to investigate the dynamics of efficiency of structural and semantic patterns of verbal prefixal derivatives within onomasiological categories during four periods of the English language development.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (193) ◽  
pp. 218-224
Author(s):  
Nadiya Ivanenko ◽  

The research focuses on the study of the actualization of the concept MARRIAGE in the context of the linguocognitive and linguocultural paradigm. The article analyzes the means of modeling the concept MARRIAGE in the British language picture of the world, its content, structure and cognitive interpretation. The concept-cognitive MARRIAGE is considered in the direction of anthropocentrism with consideration of modern achievements of cognitive linguistics, and also the place of this concept in construction of the British national picture of the world is defined. In the English language tradition, this social phenomenon is expressed through the lexical-semantic field of the concept MARRIAGE. The composition of other basic concepts of linguistic consciousness largely depends on the concept MARRIAGE. The article presents the results of etymological analysis. It plays a big role in determining the typology of culture and the need for this analysis helps to establish the source of origin of the conceptualizer. The analysis of dictionary definitions made it possible to investigate all the meanings of lexical units of the outlined nominative field. This allowed us to understand the nature and types of semantic structure of words that belong to different semantic groups and semasiological subclasses, as well as to look at the epidemiological relations of the key. In order to describe the complex structure of the organization of a multi-valued keyword, the notion of lexical-semantic variant is used. Basic characteristics of the concept MARRIAGE are possible to be found in the dictionary definitions and the complex structure of the concept is defined as a field structure, that is: denotative central content with semantic nucleus, peripherality and connotative surrounding.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 554
Author(s):  
Nina Puspitaloka ◽  
Zaenal Arifin ◽  
Purwantoro Masbro

ABSTRAKKemajuan teknologi membangun perubahan dalam berbagai bidang, khususnya dalam bidang pendidikan. Semua elemen dalam bidang tersebut dituntut untuk dapat memanfaatkan perkembangan teknologi, seperti hal nya guru yang harus mampu beralih dari penggunaan modul cetak ke modul elektronik (e-modul). Tujuan dari pelaksanaan program pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan dan melatih keterampilan teknologi para guru bahasa Inggris SMK di Karawang. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan memberikan pendampingan membuat e-modul interaktif berbasis Content Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) menggunakan Sigil Software kepada 15 orang guru Bahasa Inggris SMK di Karawang. Pendampingan pembuatan e-modul ini dilakukan dengan metode ceramah, tanya jawab, serta praktik pembuatan e-modul. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di laboratorium komputer SMK Saintek Nurul Muslimin. Hasil dari pelaksanaan kegiatan ini menunjukan bahwa program pengadian kepada masyarakat mampu meningkatkan kompetensi para guru bahasa Inggris dalam penguasaan materi dan pengajaran sesuai dengan jurusan bidang keahlian di sekolah. Selain itu, dapat memberikan manfaat yang sangat besar dan tepat sasaran bagi guru Bahasa Inggris. Bentuk pendampingan seperti ini merupakan bentuk yang sangat efektif untuk memberikan tambahan wawasan serta pengetahuan baru di bidang teknologi informasi di luar proses pembelajaran yang sekolah berikan untuk meningkatkan kualitas guru. Kata kunci: bahasa inggris; content language integrated learning (clil); e-modul; pendampingan; sigil software. ABSTRACTThe Advances in technology build changes in various fields, especially in the field of education. All elements in these fields can take advantage of technological developments, such as teachers who must be able to switch from using print modules to electronic modules (e-modules). This community service activity is carried out by providing assistance in the form of interactive e-modules based on Content Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) using Sigil Software to 15 English Vocational High School teachers in Karawang. Assistance in the manufacture of e-modules is carried out by means of lectures, questions and answers, and the practice of making e-modules. This activity was carried out in the computer laboratory of SMK Saintek Nurul Muslimin. The purpose of implementing this community service program is to improve and train the technology skills of vocational English teachers in Karawang. The results of the implementation of this activity show that the community service program is able to improve the competence of English teachers in mastering the material and teaching in accordance with the field of expertise at school. In addition, it can provide enormous and targeted benefits for English teachers. This form of assistance is a very effective form of providing additional insight and new knowledge in the field of technology outside of the learning process provided by schools to improve the quality of teachers.             Keywords: assistance; e-modul; english language; content language integrated learning (clil); sigil software.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Y.V. Yarovikova

The paper seeks to outline the content of the concept “anger” as it is represented both in print and online lexicographic resources. The study is based upon the data gained directly from mono- and bilingual thesauruses, dictionaries of etymology, phraseology and idioms. The subject of the study is the semantic structure of the lexeme “anger” that names the corresponding concept in the English language. Etymological, definitional and contextual analyses revealed the lexeme’s diachronic transformations that underlie its semantics in Modern English. The data obtained in the analyses also contributed to identifying a wide range of usual cognitive characteristics that constitute the notional component of the concept. The choice of this issue is determined primarily by linguists’ continuing interest in representing a person’s interior by language means. The findings of the study make a contribution to the further development of issues relating to the linguistic expression of the human inner world in Modern Germanic languages from linguocognitive and anthropological perspectives.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
Iin Almeina Lubis ◽  
Febby Madonna Yuma ◽  
Guntur Maha Putra

Abstract: The aim of this Community Service is to provide IT-based English language learning media training using Microsoft PowerPoint and make simple videos. This dedication was given to Early Childhood Education Teachers in the Buntu Pane District. The dedication session consisted of distributing material to participants, stages of making Microsoft PowerPoint, and making simple videos. The model used is the training model, delivering material, question and answer session, and direct practice. In general, participants claimed that the training schedule was appropriate, time was shared (delivering material, demonstrations, questions and answers, and direct practice). The participants of the activity were satisfied with the topic presented and felt that most of the expectations and objectives of the service had been fulfilled. The evaluation results showed that the material presented could be well followed. Keywords: english language; microsoft powerpoint; early childhood education teachers  Abstrak: Tujuan dari Pengabdian Masyarakat ini adalah memberikan pelatihan media pembelajaran bahasa inggris berbasis IT menggunakan Mcrosoft PowerPoint dan membuat video sederhana. Pengabdian ini diberikan kepada Guru Guru PAUD ( Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini ) Se-Kecamatan Buntu Pane. Sesi Pengabdian terdiri dari membagikan materi kepada peserta, tahapan-tahapan membuat Microsoft PowerPoint, dan membuat video sederhana. Model yang digunakan adalah model pelatihan, menyampaikan materi, sesi tanya jawab, dan praktek langsung. Secara umum, peserta mengklaim bahwa jadwal pelatihan sudah tepat, pembagian waktu ( menyampaikan materi, demonstrasi, tanya jawab, dan praktek langsung). Peserta kegiatan puas dengan topik yang disajikan dan merasa bahwa sebagian besar harapan dan tujuan pengabdian sudah terpenuhi. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa materi yang disampaikan dapat diikuti dengan baik. Kata kunci: bahasa inggris; microsoft powerpoint;  guru pendidikan anak usia dini (PAUD) 


2020 ◽  
pp. 35-52
Author(s):  
E. V. Volkova ◽  
A. A. Khustenko ◽  
E. A. Sherina

The process of borrowing English words in Russian and Italian is discussed in the article. Particular attention is paid to the communicative-pragmatic analysis of the peculiarities of the use of Anglicisms in radio speeches. In the study of dynamic language processes, the media and communication have traditionally been the main sources of replenishment of the lexical structure of the language, including through foreign borrowing. The relevance of this work is determined both by the increased scientific interest in comprehension of active language processes in recent decades, and the linguists refer to comparative studies of dynamic phenomena in systems of different languages in order to identify similar or different processes in them, due to national linguistic specificity. A review of the scientific literature on various aspects of the study of borrowing in the analyzed languages is performed, the choice of material is substantiated, and research methods are described. The results of a comparative analysis of Russian and Italian radio speeches are presented. It is established that English-language borrowings have an extensive set of functions that are auxiliary in relation to the system-forming function of radio discourse - the impact on the target audience. It is proved that the coincidence of the main borrowing functions in the radio discourse of the analyzed countries is due to the strong position of the English language as a universal international means of communication.


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