scholarly journals Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Review and Summary

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 685-689
Author(s):  
Mary Shannon Byers

uillain-Barré Syndrome is a life-threatening, demyelinating, autoimmune condition in which the body’s immune system attacks the myelin of the peripheral nervous system. Guillain-Barré Syndrome is characterized by ascending motor weakness and acute flaccid paralysis. Demyelination results in nerve inflammation, numbness, tingling, muscle weakness, structural damage to the myelin sheath, and possible respiratory system complications. The annual incidence rate is 1.1 to 1.8 per 100,000 persons worldwide. Guillain-Barré Syndrome is thought to be triggered by an antecedent infection such as a viral, gastrointestinal, or bacterial infection, food poisoning, or reaction to a vaccine. Approximately 9-11% of cases result in severe disability or death. The acute phase can vary in length from a few days to several months, although over 90% of patients begin rehabilitation within four weeks. Patient care involves a team of neurologists, physiatrist, internist, nurses, physical, occupational, and speech therapists, social worker, psychologist and family physician. Elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein, symmetrical muscle weakness, the rate and order at which symptoms appear, and the absence or prolonged latency of reflexes are hallmarks for diagnosing Guillain-Barré Syndrome. A lumbar puncture to test for protein levels in the brain and spinal cord, and nerve conduction velocity test may aid in proper diagnosis, critical for optimizing treatment options and minimizing further progression. Although there is no cure, treatment may consist of plasmapheresis, typically performed four times during hospitalization, or intravenous immunoglobulin. Intravenous immunoglobulin combined with plasmapheresis should be avoided. Although glucocorticoids could repair damage to the blood-nerve barrier, oral corticosteroids could delay recovery.

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-144
Author(s):  
Abdul Basit Ibne Momen ◽  
Furial Quraishi Twinkle ◽  
Aminur Rahman ◽  
Firoz Ahmed Quraishi

Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) following typhoid is extremely uncommon and only few case reports are available in literature. The importance of this case report is to highlight upon the fact that a diagnosis of GBS should always be kept in mind whenever a patient of typhoid fever develops weakness. We report a young girl with blood culture proven typhoid fever that developed this very rare neurological complication quite early in the course of the disease. Following treatment with intravenous antibiotics and intravenous immunoglobulin, she was improved. Bangladesh J Medicine July 2021; 32(2) : 142-144


2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 1009-1019
Author(s):  
Gi-yoon Heo ◽  
Chan Lee ◽  
Im-hak Cho ◽  
Hee-kyung Kang ◽  
Min-hwa Kim ◽  
...  

Purpose: The aim of this study was to report the improvement of Guillain-Barre syndrome after long-term combination treatment with Korean medicine.Methods: A patient was diagnosed with Guillain-Barre syndrome and treated with herbal medicine, acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, moxibustion, and exercise, including quadruped walking after three hospital admissions. To evaluate muscle strength and weakness, we measured manual muscle function, gait pattern, and the speed of quadruped walking.Results: The patient's muscle weakness in the extremities and gait stance were improved. The speed of quadruped walking was increased.Conclusion: We consider that combined treatment with Korean medicine might be effective for the muscle weakness of Guillain-Barre syndrome with a poor prognostic factor. To verify the effectiveness of this treatment, further research is needed.


2019 ◽  
pp. 193-207
Author(s):  
Matthew J. G. Burford ◽  
Richard A. Lewis

This chapter begins by outlining the origin of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). It looks at the epidemiology and antecedent events. It also considers clinical manifestations. The classic clinical scenario is one of acute, symmetric, progressive, ascending weakness, and areflexia, with or without sensory symptoms days to weeks after a preceding infection. Next differential diagnosis is examined. The differential diagnosis of GBS is quite broad and includes disorders leading to sudden onset of weakness. The general pattern of clinical involvement and medical history helps to hone the differential. Finally, the chapter looks at management of the syndrome and treatment options for various different groups, such as immune therapy.


2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 632-633
Author(s):  
Anupama Karnam ◽  
Emmanuel Stephen-Victor ◽  
Mrinmoy Das ◽  
Laurent Magy ◽  
Jean-Michel Vallat ◽  
...  

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