scholarly journals New Surgical Technique to Induce Reversible Liver Fibrosis by Surgical Closure of Major Duodenal Orifice in Dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Marwan Khalil ◽  
Ahmed Ali
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Absorbable Suture ◽  
Duodenal Papilla ◽  
Surgical Closure ◽  
Indirect Bilirubin ◽  
Major Duodenal Papilla ◽  
Mucus Membrane ◽  
Severe Postoperative Pain

This study was conducted to induce and evaluate reversible liver fibrosis in dogs by surgical closure of the major duodenal orifice. The study was performed on six healthy local adult dogs. Reversible liver fibrosis was surgically induced in all animals by surgical closure of major duodenal papilla using absorbable suture material for 60 days. Induced liver fibrosis was assessed by clinical, ultrasonographical examination, laboratory and histological methods. The clinical manifestation of the jaundiced dogs showed reduced food intake, pale-yellowish mucus membrane, inflammatory signs of the wound site and severe postoperative pain. Biochemically, there was significantly increased values of the aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, indirect bilirubin, direct bilirubin and total bilirubin especially during the first two days after surgery followed by a gradual decrease of these values until the end of the but still higher than normal values. Ultrasonographic examinations showed abnormal changes in the liver tissue such as an increase in both size and wall thickness of the gall bladder and mottled heterogeneous appearance of the liver during the first two weeks following the surgical induction of the hepatic fibrosis. Histological evaluation of liver samples revealed showed necrosis of hepatocytes and deposition of eosinophilic material, infiltration of inflammatory cells, recent thrombus in the hepatic vein, fatty change. Slight clinical, biochemical, ultrasonographic improvement was observed at 30th post-operative day. In conclusion, surgical induction of reversible liver fibrosis in dogs was an easy technique by surgical closure of major duodenal papilla and the results were confirmed by the clinical, ultrasonographical, laboratory and histological examination.

scholarly journals Optimized Chitosan/Anion Polyelectrolyte Complex Based Inserts for Vaginal Delivery of Fluconazole: In Vitro/In Vivo Evaluation

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayan Darwesh ◽  
Hibah Aldawsari ◽  
Shaimaa Badr-Eldin
Keyword(s):  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complex ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Anionic Polymer ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation

(1) Background: Fluconazole, used orally for vaginal candidiasis, has reported gastrointestinal side effects. Therefore, researchers directed towards the drug vaginal delivery. However, vaginal delivery is limited by poor retention and leakage. Thus, this work aimed at exploring chitosan/anion polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) for the formulation of fluconazole vaginal inserts with controlled release and appreciable mucoadhesion. (2) Methods: PECs were prepared and assessed for interactions. Fluconazole PEC based vaginal inserts were prepared by lyophilization using mannitol. 3151 factorial design was applied to investigate the effect of the anion type and Chitosan/anion ratio on the inserts mucoadhesion and release properties. The optimized insert [based on 5:5 chitosan: anionic polymer (sodium alginate)] release was modulated by the release retardant; Compritol® 888. The selected formulation was subjected to microbiological and histological evaluation. (3) Results: Fluconazole inserts showed satisfactory drug content, acceptable friability percentages and highest swelling indices at six hours. Statistical analysis showed significant effect of the studied factors on detachment force and release properties. Microbiological assays revealed significantly higher antifungal activity of inserts compared to fluconazole solution. Reduced inflammatory cells were confirmed by histological evaluation. (4) Conclusion: CH/Alg based vaginal insert could be a promising platform for vaginal delivery of antifungal drugs used for vaginal candidiasis treatment.

scholarly journals Abstract No. 228 EE: Duodenal stenting over the major duodenal papilla using a transhepatic approach

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. S87-S88
Author(s):  
L.N. Boucher ◽  
C. Dey ◽  
R. Gadahadh ◽  
T. Cabrera ◽  
N. Khattar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Papilla ◽  
Major Duodenal Papilla

scholarly journals A Reliable Surgical Procedure for Sinus Floor Augmentation with Antral Pseudocysts

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Nosaka ◽  
Hitomi Nosaka ◽  
Yasushi Nakajima ◽  
Tadasuke Tanioka ◽  
Daniele Botticelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Sinus Floor Augmentation ◽  
Sinus Floor

An antral pseudocyst (AP) is a common well-defined ‘dome-shaped’ faintly radiopaque lesion of the maxillary sinus, and usually does not require treatment in asymptomatic patients. However, when sinus floor augmentation is required to increase bone volume for implant installation, the elevation of the sinus mucosa might drive the AP against the ostium. This might cause its obstruction and, as possible consequence, sinusitis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical and tomographic conditions of APs to identify a predictable cyst removal that might allow a safety sinus floor augmentation. A total of 52 maxillary sinuses in 46 patients (mean age 55.1 years) presenting AP were examined by cone beam computed tomographies (CBCTs). A two-stage approach was applied. At the first surgery, the cystic lesions were further inspected by an endoscope through the antrostomy, and histopathological diagnosis of the removed tissues was carried out. After the confirmation of decrease of the swelling of sinus membrane by CBCT, the sinus floor augmentation was performed, at least four months after cyst removal. The color and transparency of the 86 cystic lesions were classified into 4 types. The whitish transparent cysts were 34 (39.5%), the yellowish transparent cysts were 18 (20.9%), the dark purple transparent cysts were 8 (9.3%) and the milky-white opaque cysts were 26 (30.2%). The contents of the 60 (69.8%) transparent cysts were serous fluid, but those of milky-white cysts were composed of viscous or elastic soft tissues, and the aspiration of the contents was unsuccessful. The analysis of the preoperative CBCT did not provide certainty on the contents of the cystic lesions. All cystic lesions were diagnosed as AP, and an infection was identified in one AP, presenting marked infiltration of the inflammatory cells. Considering the difficulties of performing a correct diagnosis of the AP content by a CBCT analysis, the risk of failure of the surgery that creates severe afflictions to the patients, and the necessity of a histological evaluation of the cyst, a two-stage surgery appeared to be the most reliable procedure.

scholarly journals Comparison of the effect of hemihydrate calcium sulfate granules and Cerabone on dental socket preservation: An animal experiment

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-244
Author(s):  
Naser Sargolzaie ◽  
Mehrnaz Rafiee ◽  
Hamideh Salari Sedigh ◽  
Reza Zare Mahmoudabadi ◽  
Hooman Keshavarz
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Sign Test ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Fibrous Connective Tissue ◽  
Socket Preservation ◽  
Tissue Proportion

Background. Early bone loss due to tooth extraction can be significantly reduced by socket preservation. The aim of this study was to compare the in vivo effects of hemihydrate calcium sulfate granules (an alloplastic material) and Cerabone (a bovine-derived xenograft) on socket preservation in dogs. Methods. Six male Mongrel dogs were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=3) for sacrificing and histological evaluation 4 and 8 weeks after a surgery. The second and third premolars on both sides of the lower jaw were extracted surgically. The sockets on one side were filled with Cerabone, and with calcium sulfate on the opposite side. In the slides, the ratio of the area of newly formed bone to the area of the entire cavity, and the ratio of the area of fibrous connective tissue to the area of the entire cavity were measured. The presence of inflammation was also examined. Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Sign test and McNemar test were used for statistical analyses (ɑ=0.05). Results. The means of new bone proportion were 11% and 8% for Cerabone and calcium sulfate, respectively (P=0.58). The means of connective tissue proportion were 29% and 33% for Cerabone and calcium sulfate, respectively (P=0.72). No inflammatory cells were observed in the Cerabone group, although 50% of the samples in the calcium sulfate group showed inflammation (P=0.50). Conclusion. The effects of calcium sulfate and Cerabone on socket preservation in dogs on bone formation, fibrous connective tissue and inflammation levels were not significantly different at 4- and 8-week postoperative intervals.

scholarly journals A Case of Choriocarcinoma of the Major Duodenal Papilla

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1129-1133
Author(s):  
Yasunori Kurahashi ◽  
Yoshiharu Shirakata ◽  
Koji Hirata ◽  
Hisashi Shinohara ◽  
Kazumi Itoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Papilla ◽  
Major Duodenal Papilla

WAYS TO IMPROVE DIAGNOSIS OF PATIENTS WITH POSTCHOLECYSTECTOMY SYNDROME

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
O. V. Gorbulitch ◽  
S. H. Yefimenko ◽  
S. A. Pavlychenko ◽  
O. A. Lazutkina ◽  
K. A. Aleksanian
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Sphincter Of Oddi ◽  
Duodenal Papilla ◽  
Biliary Surgery ◽  
Postcholecystectomy Syndrome ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Major Duodenal Papilla

Postcholecystectomy syndrome is a symptom complex that occurs or worsens after cholecystectomy and is a functional and / or organic disorder. It often complicates the post−surgery course of gallstone disease. The presence of symptoms of the disease indicates a deterioration in the quality of life of patients, but the diagnostic examination is not always possible to detect morphological or functional changes. Thus, at present the syndrome is an urgent problem of gastroenterology and biliary surgery. Diagnostic issues with a differentiated approach to the functional or organic nature of postcholecystectomy syndrome are important for the choice of further treatment tactics. In order to improve the diagnostic algorithm taking into account the changes in the area of the major duodenal papilla, a study was conducted in 137 patients. To determine the functional disorders of the sphincter of Oddi there was used the method of ultrasound investigation of hepatobiliary area and Vater's papilla with choleretic loading on Boyden as well as the Grigoriev's methods in the absence of organic obstruction of the terminal choledochus at previous stages of examination. Morphological changes in the major duodenal papilla area were evaluated using the technique of parietal ph−impedancemetry, which was performed on the background of benign mechanical jaundice in the patients after cholecystectomy during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography prior to endoscopic papillosphincterotomy. The obtained results help to perform a differentiated approach to the patients who underwent cholecystectomy, taking into account morphofunctional changes in the area of the major duodenal papilla and allow the implementation of the selected methods to the research algorithm of patients with postcholecystectomy syndrome. Key words: postcholecystectomy syndrome, functional and organic changes of major duodenal papilla, patency of the terminal choledochus, treatment tactics.

scholarly journals Macroscopic appearance of the major duodenal papilla

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amil Sinha ◽  
Dylan Thiarya ◽  
Shaan Patel ◽  
Mythiri Sutharson ◽  
Cecilia Brassett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Papilla ◽  
Macroscopic Appearance ◽  
Major Duodenal Papilla

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Pulmonary Toxicity in Mice Induced by Exposure to Unflavoured and Apple- and Strawberry-Flavoured Tobacco Waterpipe Smoke

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Abderrahim Nemmar ◽  
Suhail Al-Salam ◽  
Sumaya Beegam ◽  
Priya Yuvaraju ◽  
Badreldin H. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Toxicity ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappa B ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Airway Hyperreactivity ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Air Exposure ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Necrosis Factor

The use of flavoured tobacco products in waterpipe smoking (WPS) has increased its attractiveness and consumption. Nonetheless, the influence of flavourings on pulmonary toxicity caused by WPS remains unclear. Here, the pulmonary toxicity induced by plain (P)-WPS, apple-flavoured (AF)-WPS, and strawberry-flavoured (SF)-WPS (30 minutes/day, 5 days/week for 1 month) was investigated in mice. Control mice were exposed to air. Exposure to P-WPS or AF-WPS or SF-WPS induced a dose-dependent increase of airway hyperreactivity to methacholine. The histological evaluation of the lungs in all the WPS groups revealed the presence focal areas of dilated alveolar spaces and foci of widening of interalveolar spaces with inflammatory cells. In the lung, the activity of neutrophil elastase and myeloperoxidase and the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α and glutathione were increased by the exposure to P-WPS, AF-WPS, or SF-WPS. However, the levels of interleukin-6 and catalase were only increased in the AF-WPS and SF-WPS groups, while nitric oxide activity was only increased in the SF-WPS group. DNA injury was increased in all the WPS groups, but the concentration of cleaved caspase-3 was only elevated in the SF-WPS group. The exposure to either P-WPS or AF-WPS or SF-WPS increased the expression of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in the lung. In conclusion, the exposure to P-WPS or AF-WPS or SF-WPS induces alterations in lung function and morphology and causes oxidative stress and inflammation via mechanisms that include activation of NF-κB. Overall, the toxicity of flavoured tobacco WPS, in particular SF-WPS, was found to be greater than that of unflavoured WPS.

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