scholarly journals 3.2. Participation in the global value chains: imposition of dependency or a chance for development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.П. Комарова
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Outgoing Wave ◽  
Third Way ◽  
Dependent Development ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Advanced Development

Статья посвящена исследованию альтернативных вариантов участия периферийных стран в глобальных сетях создания стоимости. Вектор зависимого развития ведет к консервации подчиненного положения стран-аутсорсеров, но способствует созданию рабочих мест, дает доступ к техно­логиям, источникам финансирования, рынкам сбыта. Вектор догоняющего развития направлен на трансформацию экономик стран периферии, но сопряжен с обратным эффектом – завоеванием лидерства только в отраслях уходящей волны. В качестве альтернативы предлагается третий путь – вектор опережающего развития. The article is devoted to the study of alternative options for the participation of peripheral countries in global value chains. The vector of dependent development leads to the conservation of the subordinate position of the outsourcing countries, but provides the creation of jobs, gives access to technologies, sources of financing, and sales markets. The vector of catch-up development is aimed at transforming the economies of the peripheral countries but is associated with the opposite effect - gaining leadership only in the sectors of the outgoing wave. The alternative third way proposed in this article is the vector of advanced development.

scholarly journals The institutional development of International Association of Academies of Sciences: from scientific councils to international scientific-technological consortia

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr A. Vityaz ◽  
Vyacheslav K. Shcherbin
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
International Association ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Stable Source ◽  
To Receive

The article considers the history of creation of formal and informal institutional structures of International Association of the Academies of sciences (IAAS) the functioning of which is based on the technological chains of cognition that are characteristic of traditional disciplinary science. The differences between the technological chains of cognition and the global value chains that have developed in the global economy are shown. The prospects of combining the chains of these types within the framework of international scientific and technological consortia, which are more consistent with the requirements of modern technoscience, are determined. The conclusion is substantiated that the creation of a number of international scientific-technological consortia on the basis of scientific councils of association will allow IAAS to receive a stable source of its additional financing.

Transforming global value chains amidst the COVID-19 crisis

2021 ◽  
pp. 176-189
Author(s):  
Natalya Jurievna Rodigina ◽  
Ofeliia Andranikovna Azarova ◽  
Maria Vladimirovna Logina ◽  
Vladislav Igorevich Musikhin
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Business Entities

The reasons for the decline in the importance of global supply chains for international trade relations may be the creation of the new, politically motivated barriers to international trade and an attempt to replace foreign-made goods with domestic counterparts. Therefore, the issue of reducing global supply chains has been discussed by many experts in recent years. However, despite the decline in their importance, global supply chains are often becoming the subject of various scientifi c research. During the crisis caused by the spread of the coronavirus infection, global value chains are criticized again for the fact that they are not functioning any longer, which, by the way, corresponds to the progressive fi nancial crisis. Amidst this background, greater “reintegration” of production processes into the company’s own network, less emphasis on the just-in-time production and expansion of warehouse capacity become priority measures aimed at ensuring continuous production of products. Of particular importance is the question of the feasibility of returning production facilities to the country of the headquarters in the light of the accelerated and eff ectively implemented robotization of production. All this poses a signifi cant threat to the sustainable economic growth of many developing countries and emerging market economies that depend on the cheap production and export of semi-fi nished products, components and the products of the intermediate use. A coordinated political response, such as that off ered by the United Nations and other multilateral political institutions and organizations, is perhaps the most promising way out of the impending economic recession. Diff erent industries will probably need diff erent time spans to return to the normal functioning. The question if globalization remains as a trend of the development of the international economic relations in the near future, will assess the viability of the concept of the international division of labour, will lead to the transformation of the global value chains, and create incentives for states and business entities for the creation of more stable structures during the forthcoming decade.

International trade: Research of the reasons for the fall

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Nazarov ◽  
S. S. Lazaryan ◽  
I. V. Nikonov ◽  
A. I. Votinov
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Negative Contribution ◽  
Basic Commodity ◽  
The Impact

The article assesses the impact of various factors on the growth rate of international trade. Many experts interpreted the cross-border flows of goods decline against the backdrop of a growing global economy as an alarming sign that indicates a slowdown in the processes of globalization. To determine the reasons for the dynamics of international trade, the decompositions of its growth rate were carried out and allowed to single out the effect of the dollar exchange rate, the commodities prices and global value chains on the change in the volume of trade. As a result, it was discovered that the most part of the dynamics of international trade is due to fluctuations in the exchange rate of the dollar and prices for basic commodity groups. The negative contribution of trade within global value chains in 2014 was also revealed. During the investigated period (2000—2014), such a picture was observed only in the crisis periods, which may indicate the beginning of structural changes in the world trade.

THE CONCEPT OF COMPETITIVE VALUE CHAINS IN PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AS AN INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE OPERATING ON NETWORK PRINCIPLES

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Niyaz Mustjakimovich Abdikeev ◽  
Anton Alekseevich Losev ◽  
Andrey Ivanovich Gaydamaka
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Institutional Structure ◽  
Cognitive Models ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Digital Platform ◽  
Software Product ◽  
The Creation

The Concept of competitive value chains in production systems, as an institutional structure operating on network principles, was the impetus for the development of a system of models of inter-industry digital platform for the management and optimization of cooperation of high-tech network production systems. The article describes the ways of integration into business processes of production systems of simulation and cognitive models. The practical implementation of the system of these models is a separate software product - an interdisciplinary digital platform for participants in the creation of new high-tech products and their components.

Central and Eastern European states in global production linkages: country-level and sector-level analysis

2017 ◽  
pp. 38-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Cieślik
Keyword(s):  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Western European ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Level Analysis

The paper evaluates Central and Eastern European countries’ (CEEs) location in global vertical specialization (global value chains, GVCs). To locate each country in global value chains (upstream or downstream segment/market) and to compare them with the selected countries, a very selective methodology was adopted. We concluded that (a) CEE countries differ in the levels of their participation in production linkages. Countries that have stronger links with Western European countries, especially with Germany, are more integrated; (b) a large share of the CEE countries’ gross exports passes through Western European GVCs; (c) most exporters in Central and Eastern Europe are positioned in the downstream segments of production rather than in the upstream markets. JEL classification: F14, F15.

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