scholarly journals Corporate Governance And Its Effect On Firm Performance In An Emerging Economy

Author(s):  
Langa Esmael KAREM ◽  
Hawkar Anwer HAMAD ◽  
Hakar Abubakir BAYZ ◽  
Naji Afrasyaw FATAH ◽  
Diary Jalal ALI ◽  
...  

Having a board of directors is very important to ensure the smooth running of business processes and have an impact on the company's financial performance. This study to determine the impact of board characteristics namely board size, board ownership and board composition on the financial performance of organizations as measured by Return on Assets. The study employed a descriptive-explanatory research design based on a cross-sectional approach. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to determine the depth and extent of the relationship between the variables. The study revealed a positive and significant association between the board size and financial performance on an average of 9 board members. Board composition revealed that having more external directors had no effect on the financial performance, it neither increased it nor decreased it, leading to the rejection of the hypothesis. On the other hand, board ownership was found to be beneficial in terms of having directors as owners of the business, corroborating the Stakeholder Theory. The studies showed that there was still a need to select board members with caution striking a balance between the number of directors as well as their composition to ensure that the organization reaps maximum benefits from the board.

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Cherian ◽  
Muhammad Umar ◽  
Phung Thu ◽  
Thao Nguyen-Trang ◽  
Muhammad Sial ◽  
...  

The present study analyzed the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting on the financial performance of Indian companies. It used secondary data from 50 manufacturing companies over the period of fiscal years 2011 to 2017. The results suggested that there exists a significant relationship between the performance of Indian companies and their CSR. The CSR not only improves the firm’s social value and reputation but also improves profitability and performance. According to the results, return on assets is significantly determined by corporate governance, customers, products, number of employees, and board size. The customer has a negative impact on return on assets (ROA). The relationship between return on equity and independent variables is the same as the relationship between ROA and independent variables. Corporate governance and product positively impact ROE, but the relationship between customers, number of employees, and board size are negative. Corporate governance and product positively impact return on capital employed (ROCE), but the relationship between customer and the number of employees is negative. Education has positive impact on profit after tax (PAT) and profit before tax (PBT), but the PAT relationship between environments is negative. Corporate governance and product positively impact PBT. In general, we concluded that in India, socially responsible corporations perform better and vice versa.


2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozcan ISIK ◽  
Ali Riza INCE

<p>We investigate the impact of board size and board composition on performance for a sample of 30 commercial banks from 2008 to 2012 in Turkey. We measure bank performance by two alternative measures widely used in the banking literature, i.e. operating return on assets (OROA) and return on assets (ROA). Controlling for bank size, credit risk, liquidity risk, net interest margin and non-interest income, the results of panel fixed effects regression suggest that board size has a significantly positive effect on bank’s financial performance. This means that Turkish commercial banks may improve their financial performance by increasing their board size. Our findings, however, show clearly that there is no significant relationship between board composition (ratio of outside directors on the board) and banks’ financial performance.</p>


Growth ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Gbarato, Ledum Moses

The presence of appropriate gender diversity, board size and board composition does not only promote favourable organizational ambience but also offers meaningful upsurge in the financial position of an organization relatively. It is on this premise that prompted the essence to examine the relationship between corporate board diversity and financial performance of insurance companies in Nigeria for the period 2014 to 2018. Secondary data from Cornerstone Insurance Plc. and Lasaco Assurance Plc. were employed in the study. Using the Panel least Square regression technique, the results reveal that gender diversity, board size and board composition exert insignificant influence on profit before tax as the measure of financial performance. However, while gender diversity exerts negative influence, board size and board composition exert positive influences on profit before tax of insurance companies. The study concludes that employment of appropriate number of directors and also in suitable composition as board members have positive effect on the financial performance of insurance firms. Therefore, the study recommended among others, that: appropriate ratio of executive to independent non-executive directors should be maintained among board members for better decision-making at the interest of all stakeholders. Also, the ratio of gender diversity (female to male directors) should be increased as the role of women in resource management cannot be relegated to the background especially in financial performance of insurance companies.


Author(s):  
Lucas Silva Barreto ◽  
Vinicius Silva Pereira ◽  
Antonio Sergio Torres Penedo

Purpose: To analyze the relationship between investments in technology and the profitability of the five largest Brazilian banks between 2009 and 2018.Theoretical framework: Through correlation analysis and panel data regression, the impact of technology investment on Return on Assets (ROA) was specifically assessed.Design/methodology/approach: Despite the growth in investment in banking technology, the level of disclosure by publicly traded companies in Brazil is still limited, with few details disclosed in corporate reports about the amounts invested, of the types investments made, the expected return and the returns already obtained with previous investments. This disclosure is influenced by factors such as company size and profitability.Findings: In the present study, a positive relationship was identified between investment in T.I and Return on Assets (ROA) of the banks analyzed and, therefore, the presence of a profitability paradox was not found.Originality/value:  There was a positive relationship between investment in IT and performance. There was a significant positive correlation at 5% between IT investments and financial performance, given by the relationship between profit before depreciation and total sales. The regression analysis found that an increase in IT investments raised the company's financial performance (Beta = 0.204 and p 0.1). The increase in the share of IT investments in operating expenses increased the Return on Assets by 0.039 percentage points.Research, Practical Social implications: Gain knowledge in the management of banking organizations in order to guide in the decision-making about technological investments that should be made.


2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Madi Almadi

The impact of context has little or no consideration in the mainstream corporate governance literature. The purpose of this paper is to consider social, economic, and political elements of the emerging Saudi Arabian market when developing a multi-theoretical model about the relationship between board composition and financial performance.<strong> </strong>The paper attempts to conceptually inform the conversation about context with regard to board composition and firm financial performance in emerging markets. In particular, it discusses these theoretical feedback loops in conjunction with a proposed research agenda for the field.<strong> </strong>The paper proposes shifting the focus of corporate governance in emerging markets from relying on the predominant Western corporate governance theories to the alignment of those theories with considerations on emerging markets context. Such an approach involves significant implications for corporate governance theories and management practices. The paper describes the conditions in which certain formation of board of directors is composed in the Saudi Arabia may generate a competitive advantage. The consideration of emerging markets context can have implications for society as it may influence firms and governments to improve corporate governance standards and practices<strong> </strong>A literature gap in the corporate governance literature identified in this paper holds theoretical and practical implications. This research will enable comparative studies with other emerging markets, and will provide a conceptual benchmark for future corporate governance research.


Author(s):  
Alawiyya Ilu ◽  
◽  
Yunusa Ibrahim ◽  
Binta Nuhu ◽  
◽  
...  

The study analyses the moderating effect of financial performance on the relationship between board characteristics and dividend policy of listed non-financial firms in Nigeria. Board characteristics is proxied by board composition, board size, and board diversity, while dividend policy is proxied by dividend pay-out ratio. The positivist research paradigm and correlational research design were used. Relevant data for the study were collected from 39 sampled non-financial firms actively trading on the floor of the Nigerian stock exchange (NSE) from 2008 to 2017; the data collected were analysed using the panel corrected standard error (PCSE) regression analysis. The findings reveal that board composition and board diversity have positive but insignificant effect on dividend pay-out ratio of non-financial firms before moderation, While, board size has positive and significant effect on dividend policy of listed non-financial firms before moderation. The study also found that financial performance moderate the relationship between board characteristics and dividend pay-out ratio of listed non-financial firms. Based on the findings, the study concludes that board composition and board size are related with high dividend payment. Among the important policy implications is that the variable of board size used suggest that there is the need by SEC to monitor the available cash at the discretion of managers since financial performance can moderate the relationship between board size and dividend pay-out ratio in order to mitigate agency conflict between management and shareholders of listed non-financial firms which is in-line with the practical problem of the study. It is therefore recommended amongst others that the government through the regulators should provide an enabling environment for non-financial firms to make a profit and pay more dividends to their shareholders since the interaction effect of financial performance makes the variables of the study to be more active in influencing the dividend pay-out ratio of non-financial firms in Nigeria.


Author(s):  
Saurabh Kumar ◽  
Twinkle Prusty

This paper investigates the relationship and impacts of board size and corporate governance disclosure of selected listed Indian IT companies on its financial performance using data for five companies over a single period of 2014 to 2015. Using structure equation modelling, the study demonstrates the extent to which board size and disclosure helps explain the financial performance of the selected companies. The main findings show that there’s a significant relationship between independent variable i.e. board size and disclosure and dependent variable i.e. return on assets and capital employed. Thus board size is having inverse relationship with the returns whereas corporate governance disclosure is having positive relationship with the returns. Hence, the more the board size it will negatively affect the returns and more the corporate governance disclosure will lead to increase in returns. At backdrop this paper has also witnessed that different companies are having their own different attitude and approach regarding the disclosure of their corporate governance practice.


2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 761-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. K. Basuony ◽  
Reham I. Elseidi ◽  
Ehab K. A. Mohamed

This paper investigates the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on organization performance. It uses cross sectional data from non-financial companies in Egypt that derived from the Kompass Egypt data base. Regression analysis was used to explain the relationship and the effect of CSR on organization financial performance. The findings of this study found that there is a positive and significant effect of CSR on firm performance. Also, all CSR dimensions have significant relationship with firm financial performance. Furthermore, one of the conclusions of this study is that larger and older firms have a positive effect on financial performance (profitability) which will lead to enhance use of better CSR practice


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-56
Author(s):  
Yvonne Nyaundha Odhiambo ◽  

The board of directors is tasked with the obligation and the responsibility of administering changes and operations that support the mission of the organization to realize its vision. Kenya in the recent past, has witnessed a number of organizations listed in the NSE collapsing with the board of directors taking the blame. Specifically, the study sought to establish the association between; board diversity, board independence, board size and financial performance of government-owned sugar manufacturing companies in Kenya. The study sought to determine whether firm attributes have a moderating impact on the relationship between board characteristics and financial results of Kenyan government-owned sugar manufacturing companies. The study adopted the Agency Theory and Stewardship Theory. The study targeted the Government-Owned Sugar manufacturing companies in Kenya during the years 2000 to 2016 when the companies were operational. The study used secondary data where panel data was used. The findings indicated that board diversity and financial performance of government-owned sugar manufacturing companies. In addition, board independence and financial performance of government-owned sugar manufacturing companies was also significant. Board Size had a positive but insignificant relationship with financial performance of government-owned sugar manufacturing companies in Kenya. Firm attributes had no significant moderating effect on the relationship between board characteristics and financial performance of government-owned sugar manufacturing companies. The study recommended that the board members should consist of at least half gender diversity of the board members as determined by the board based on the requirements stipulated by the trade authority. Further, the study recommended that the board members must be independent directors, and their independence should be continuously maintained and reviewed at least annually. Keywords: Board Diversity, Board Independence, Board Size, Firm Attributes & Financial Performance


2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Tawfeeq Yousif Alabdullah ◽  
Sofri Yahya ◽  
Mohamed Ibrahim Nor ◽  
Firas Qassim Majeed

The aim of this paper is to investigate the mechanisms of corporate governance in companies and to delineate their effect from the perspective of two variables: the financial performance of firms; and an examination of executive turnover. An analysis on theoretical grounds of these two variables is made with respect to non-financial companies specifically in the context of the country of Jordan. Also in the context of this study, a company represents a firm. A sample comprising 109 companies from the non-financial sector for the fiscal year 2011 was selected and analyzed. A cross sectional study tested all hypotheses of the study and used statistical software, SPSS 20, to analyze the data. The study has examined the structure of the board of directors and its effects on the financial performance (financial leverage) of the non-financial Jordanian companies. Evidence suggests that the corporate governance mechanisms such as increasing the board size has a positive effect on reducing the level of financial leverage, thus leading to enhanced levels of financial performance. On the other hand, board independence and the structure of non CEO-duality have no effect on a company’s financial performance. In addition, the findings revealed that executive turnover has been found to significantly moderate the relationship between some of the factors and that is the board size and financial leverage. Given the diversity of trends utilized to measure the financial performance of companies in the area of corporate governance and the associated performance relationship, empirical research has continued to undergo new financial performance indicators to prevent manipulation and to obtain a realistic picture of the financial performance of companies. Hence, this is the first study that internationally chooses financial leverage to represent the financial performance of companies in their relationship with corporate governance. Crucially, it is globally the first study to choose executive turnover as a moderating variable on such a relationship. Thus, choosing these two new variables uniquely contributes to the literature of both corporate governance and firm performance from the perspective of developed and developing countries. This is considered to extend and add new insights to prior research in this discipline. The study therefore provides empirical evidence to policy-makers, stakeholders, academia and other interested parties in the Middle East; specifically in Jordan.


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