scholarly journals Multipoint Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections Observed with Solar Orbiter, BepiColombo, Parker Solar Probe, Wind, and STEREO-A

2022 ◽  
Vol 924 (1) ◽  
pp. L6
Author(s):  
Christian Möstl ◽  
Andreas J. Weiss ◽  
Martin A. Reiss ◽  
Tanja Amerstorfer ◽  
Rachel L. Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Space Weather ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Data Exploration ◽  
Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Combined Data ◽  
Interplanetary Propagation

Abstract We report the result of the first search for multipoint in situ and imaging observations of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) starting with the first Solar Orbiter (SolO) data in 2020 April–2021 April. A data exploration analysis is performed including visualizations of the magnetic-field and plasma observations made by the five spacecraft SolO, BepiColombo, Parker Solar Probe (PSP), Wind, and STEREO-A, in connection with coronagraph and heliospheric imaging observations from STEREO-A/SECCHI and SOHO/LASCO. We identify ICME events that could be unambiguously followed with the STEREO-A heliospheric imagers during their interplanetary propagation to their impact at the aforementioned spacecraft and look for events where the same ICME is seen in situ by widely separated spacecraft. We highlight two events: (1) a small streamer blowout CME on 2020 June 23 observed with a triple lineup by PSP, BepiColombo and Wind, guided by imaging with STEREO-A, and (2) the first fast CME of solar cycle 25 (≈1600 km s−1) on 2020 November 29 observed in situ by PSP and STEREO-A. These results are useful for modeling the magnetic structure of ICMEs and the interplanetary evolution and global shape of their flux ropes and shocks, and for studying the propagation of solar energetic particles. The combined data from these missions are already turning out to be a treasure trove for space-weather research and are expected to become even more valuable with an increasing number of ICME events expected during the rise and maximum of solar cycle 25.

scholarly journals Origin of Extremely Intense Southward Component of Magnetic Field (Bs) in ICMEs

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenglong Shen ◽  
Yutian Chi ◽  
Mengjiao Xu ◽  
Yuming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Geomagnetic Storms ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Extreme Space Weather Events ◽  
Inner Heliosphere

The intensity of the southward component of the magnetic field (Bs) carried by Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections (ICMEs) is one of the most critical parameters in causing extreme space weather events, such as intense geomagnetic storms. In this work, we investigate three typical ICME events with extremely intense Bs in detail and present a statistical analysis of the origins of intense Bs in different types of ICMEs based on the ICME catalogue from 1995 to 2020. According to the in-situ characteristics, the ICME events with extremely high Bs are classified into three types: isolated ICMEs, multiple ICMEs, and shock-ICME interaction events with shocks inside ICMEs or shocks passing through ICMEs. By analyzing all ICME events with Bs ≥ 10nT and Bs ≥ 20nT, we find that 39.6% of Bs,mean ≥ 10nT events and 50% of Bs,mean ≥ 20nT events are associated with shock-ICME events. Approximately 35.7% of shock-ICME events have Bs,mean ≥ 10nT, which is much higher than the other two types (isoloted ICMEs: 7.2% and multiple ICMEs: 12.1%). Those results confirm that the ICMEs interaction events are more likely to carry extreme intense Bs and cause intense geomagntic storms. Only based on the in-situ observations at Earth, some interaction ICME events, such as shock-ICME interaction events with shocks passing through the preceding ICME or ICME cannibalism, could be classified as isolated ICME events. This may lead to an overestimate of the probability of ICME carrying extremely intense Bs. To further investigate such events, direct and multi-point observations of the CME propagation in the inner heliosphere from the Solar Ring Mission could be crucial in the future.

A Catalog of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections Observed by Juno between 1 and 5.4 au

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Emma E. Davies ◽  
Robert J. Forsyth ◽  
Réka M. Winslow ◽  
Christian Möstl ◽  
Noé Lugaz
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Flux Rope ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Double Logarithmic Plot ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Magnetic Flux Ropes ◽  
Combined Data ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract We use magnetic field measurements by the Juno spacecraft to catalog and investigate interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) beyond 1 au. During its cruise phase, Juno spent about 5 yr in the solar wind between 2011 September and 2016 June, providing measurements of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) between 1 and 5.4 au. Juno therefore presents the most recent opportunity for a statistical analysis of ICME properties beyond 1 au since the Ulysses mission (1990–2009). Our catalog includes 80 such ICME events, 32 of which contain associated flux-rope-like structures. We find that the dependency of the mean magnetic field strength of the magnetic flux ropes decreases with heliocentric distance as r −1.24±0.43 between 1 and 5.4 au, in good agreement with previous relationships calculated using ICME catalogs at Ulysses. We combine the Juno catalog with the HELCATS catalog to create a data set of ICMEs covering 0.3–5.4 au. Using a linear regression model to fit the combined data set on a double-logarithmic plot, we find that there is a clear difference between global expansion rates for ICMEs observed at shorter heliocentric distances and those observed farther out beyond 1 au. The cataloged ICMEs at Juno present a good basis for future multispacecraft studies of ICME evolution between the inner heliosphere, 1 au, and beyond.

Comparing the boundaries of interplanetary coronal mass ejections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Consuelo Cid ◽  
Carlos Larrodera ◽  
Elena Saiz
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Solar Wind ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wind Spacecraft ◽  
The Magnetic Field

<p>The boundaries of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are commonly established based on the magnetic field smoothness and/or the low temperature, when compared to normal solar wind. Based on the analysis of the ICME on 2015 January 6-7, observed by Wind and ACE spacecraft, Cid et al. (2016) proposed compositional signatures as the most precise diagnostic tool for the boundaries of ICMEs. Having as a starting point the ICMEs catalogues from Jian et al. (2006) and Richardson and Cane (2010), and the Wind spacecraft ICME catalogue on the NASA web site, we have compared the boundaries of all ICMEs observed by the ACE spacecraft attending to different signatures. This contribution shows the results of the study.</p>

scholarly journals Principal Component Gradiometer technique for removal of spacecraft-generated disturbances from magnetic field data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovidiu Dragoş Constantinescu ◽  
Hans-Ulrich Auster ◽  
Magda Delva ◽  
Olaf Hillenmaier ◽  
Werner Magnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Magnetic Field Data ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Sensor Configuration ◽  
Time Required ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Abstract. In situ measurement of the magnetic field using space borne instruments requires either a magnetically clean platform and/or a very long boom for accommodating magnetometer sensors at a large distance from the spacecraft body. This significantly drives up the costs and time required to build a spacecraft. Here we present an alternative sensor configuration and an algorithm allowing for ulterior removal of the spacecraft generated disturbances from the magnetic field measurements, thus lessening the need for a magnetic cleanliness program and allowing for shorter boom length. The proposed algorithm is applied to the Service Oriented Spacecraft Magnetometer (SOSMAG) onboard the Korean geostationary satellite GeoKompsat-2A (GK2A) which uses for the first time a multi-sensor configuration for onboard data cleaning. The successful elimination of disturbances originating from several sources validates the proposed cleaning technique.

Transport of energetic particles from reconnecting current sheets in flaring corona to the heliosphere

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippa Browning ◽  
Mykola Gordovskyy ◽  
Satashi Inoue ◽  
Eduard Kontar ◽  
Kanya Kusano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Energetic Particles ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Current Sheets ◽  
Electrons And Ions ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Particle Simulations ◽  
The Magnetic Field

<p>In this study, we inverstigate the acceleration of electrons and ions at current sheets in the flaring solar corona, and their transport into the heliosphere. We consider both generic solar flare models and specific flaring events with a data-driven approach. The aim is to answer two questions: (a) what fraction of particles accelerated in different flares can escape into the heliosphere?; and (b) what are the characteristics of the particle populations propagating towards the chromosphere and into the heliosphere?</p><p>We use a combination of data-driven 3D magnetohydrodynamics simulations with drift-kinetic particle simulations to model the evolution of the magnetic field and both thermal and non-thermal plasma and to forward-model observable characteristics. Particles are accelerated in current sheets associated with flaring reconnection. When applied to a specific flare, the model successfully predicts observed features such as the location and relative intensity of hard X-ray sources and helioseismic source locations. This confirms the viability of the approach.</p><p>Using these MHD-particle models, we will show how the magnetic field evolution and particle transport processes affect the characteristics of both energetic electrons and ions in the the inner corona and the heliosphere. The implications for interpretation of in situ measurements of energetic particles by Solar Orbiter and Parker Solar Probe will be discussed.</p><p> </p><p> </p>

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